Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Postoncolytic immunity entails immune reactions acquired through an oncolytic virus infection or through repeated immunizations with viral oncolysates (or virally modified tumor cell membranes) that are valid and operational also against virally not modified tumor cells of the same type. NK cells react to budding virions, induce target cell lysis primarily but not exclusively by the production of granzymes and pore-forming proteins and operate without direction from memory cells. In contrast, immune T cells (including some TIL) are MHC-restricted, act under the direction of memory cells and lyse target cells primarily but not exclusively by the release of lymphotoxin (TNF beta) causing programmed cell death (apoptosis) through endonuclease activation and target cell DNA fragmentation. This author proposes that it is not NK, but the immune T cells that mediate postoncolytic immunity. Oncogene amplification may protect immortalized tumor cells even when expressing peptide antigens through MHC molecules against lymphotoxin-mediated apoptosis; but virally-infected tumor cells releasing budding virions remain susceptible to NK cells. Highly immunogenic viral oncolysates should present both budding virions for NK cells and processed viral and tumoral peptide antigens co-jointly for immune T cells.
 ...
PMID:Viral oncolysates as human tumor vaccines. 166 89

Variability in the structure of the human tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) or lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) genes may contribute to the functional polymorphism of the HLA gene complex. We have characterized an allelic restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the TNF-beta gene by using the restriction endonuclease NcoI. Digestion of genomic DNA with NcoI and Southern blotting by using TNF-alpha gene probes show 5.4-kb and 10.5-kb hybridizing fragments. In Caucasian populations, the 10.5-kb fragment is present in 64 to 72% of haplotypes. The polymorphic NcoI site is located within the first intron of the TNF-beta gene. Additional restriction fragment variability was demonstrated by digestion with AccI; however, this restriction fragment variability was not allelic in nature. Rather, it was a consequence of variable DNA methylation at AccI sites within and upstream of the TNF-beta gene. In peripheral blood leukocytes, methylation of the TNF-beta AccI sites was greatest in neutrophils (TNF-beta nonproducers), and lowest in T lymphocytes (the major producers of TNF-beta). These results suggest strongly that variation in DNA methylation may play an important role in regulation of the expression of the TNF-beta gene.
 ...
PMID:Genetic variability at the human tumor necrosis factor loci. 169 97

A multiple internal control was constructed to be used as an exogenously added control in reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for pig cytokines. It consists of 5' and 3' primer sequences in the order of beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2-m), IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-2, IL-10, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta and IFN-gamma. Construction was accomplished by overlapping and extension PCR (OE-PCR) utilizing short oligonucleotides. The primers were designed to give two products of different sizes on co-amplification of control and target RNAs by RT-PCR in a single tube. This permits analysis of message for several cytokines using a single exogenously added competitive template. Incorporated endonuclease sites allow construct modification by oligonucleotide addition.
 ...
PMID:Construction of an internal control to quantitate multiple porcine cytokine mRNAs by RT-PCR. 892 28

We have identified a cellular target for proteasomal endonuclease activity. Thus, 20 S proteasomes interact with the 3'-untranslated region of certain cytoplasmic mRNAs in vivo, and 20 S proteasomes isolated from Friend leukemia virus-infected mouse spleen cells were found to be associated with a mRNA fragment showing great homology to the 3'-untranslated region of tumor necrosis factor-beta mRNA that contains AUUUA sequences. We furthermore demonstrate that 20 S proteasomes destabilize oligoribonucleotides corresponding to the 3'-untranslated region of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, creating a specific cleavage pattern. The cleavage reaction is accelerated with increasing number of AUUUA motifs, and major cleavage sites are localized at the 5' side of the A residues. These results strongly suggest that 20 S proteasomes could be involved in the destabilization of cytokine mRNAs such as tumor necrosis factor mRNAs and other short-lived mRNAs containing AUUUA sequences.
 ...
PMID:Possible involvement of proteasomes (prosomes) in AUUUA-mediated mRNA decay. 1002 17

Limited research has assessed associations between schizophrenia and genetic variants of the ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1) and lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) genes among individuals of Middle Eastern ancestry. Here we present the first association study investigating the ANKK1 rs1800497 (T>C) and LTA rs909253 (A>G) single-nucleotide polymorphisms in an Egyptian population. Among 120 patients with DSM-IV and PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) assessments of schizophrenia and 100 healthy controls, we determined the genotypes for the polymorphisms using endonuclease digestion of amplified genomic DNA. Results confirmed previous findings from different ethnic populations, in that the rs1800497 and rs909253 polymorphisms were both associated with risk of schizophrenia. Differences between the genotypes of cases and controls were strongly significant (P = 0.0005 for rs1800497 and P = 0.001 for rs909253). The relative risk to schizophrenia was 1.2 (P = 0.01) for the C allele and 0.8 (P = 0.04) for the G allele. The CC, GG, and combined CC/AA genotypes were all more frequent in cases than in controls. These results support an association between ANKK1 and LTA genetic markers and vulnerability to schizophrenia and show the potential influence of just one copy of the mutant C or G allele in the Egyptian population.
...
PMID:Association between ANKK1 (rs1800497) and LTA (rs909253) Genetic Variants and Risk of Schizophrenia. 2611 14