Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sequences of human beta-globin mRNA were determined by analysis of complementary DNA. beta-mRNA was transcribed into double-stranded cDNA by RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA was cut by restriction endonucleases and the fragments were terminally labeled by means of polynucleotide kinase and [gamma-32P]ATP. After purification, fragments were degraded by snake venom phosphodiesterase. Alternatively single-stranded [32P]cDNA was prepared by transcription in the presence of [alpha-32P]dCTP and actinomycin D; the product was digested by endonuclease IV and degraded by snake venom phosphodiesterase. cDNA tracts obtained by both labeling methods enabled us to construct a sequence for the translated and 3'-terminal untranslated regions of human beta-mRNA.
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PMID:Human beta-globin messenger RNA. III. Nucleotide sequences derived from complementary DNA. 6 58

The circular DNA of hepatitis B Dane particles, which serves as the primer/template for an endogenous DNA polymerase, was analyzed by electrophoresis before and after a polymerase reaction and after digestion by restriction endonuclease or single-strand-specific endonuclease S1. The unreacted molecules extracted from the particles were electrophoretically heterogeneous, and treatment with S1 nuclease produced double-stranded linear DNA ranging in length from 1,700 to 2,800 base pairs (bp). After an endogenous DNA polymerase reaction, two discrete species of DNA molecules were found: a circular form and a linear form 3,200 bp long. The reaction resulted in a population of molecules with an elongated and more homogeneous double-stranded region. These results suggest that the circular molecules in Dane particles have single-stranded regions of varying lengths that are made double stranded during the DNA polymerase reaction. The endogenous DNA polymerase was found to initiate apparently at random in a region spanning more than a third of the molecule. Analysis of restriction endonuclease cleavage fragments of the fully elongated DNA revealed that although the molecules were of a uniform length, they were somewhat heterogeneous in sequence. The sum of the sizes of the 10 major endonuclease Hae III-generated fragments, detected by ethidium bromide, was 3,880 bp. Two additional fragments (B and G) detected by autoradiography after an endogenous DNA polymerase reaction with (32)P-labeled deoxynucleoside triphosphates made the total 4,910 bp.
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PMID:Structure of hepatitis B Dane particle DNA and nature of the endogenous DNA polymerase reaction. 6 27

Full-length, complementary DNAs were prepared to rainbow trout protamine mRNA using reverse transcriptase and were labelled during synthesis by the replacement of dATP by [alpha32P]dATP or dTTP by [alpha32P]dTTP. The 32P-labelled protamine complementary DNAs were digested with T4 endonuclease IV. Fragments from the digests were separated in two dimensions, and those discrete fragments which could be identified from both the A-labelled and T-labelled complementary DNAs were subjected to sequence analysis. The sequences described here all arise from the non-coding region. One pentadecanucleotide contained the sequence A-A-U-A-A-A which has been reported by Proudfoot and Brownlee ((1976) Nature 263, 211-214) to occur in the noncoding regions of six other eukaryotic mRNAs.
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PMID:Protamine messenger RNA from rainbow trout testis contains the nucleotide sequence A-A-U-A-A-A in an untranslated region. 7 66

Brief exposure of covalently closed circular duplex PM2 DNA to low concentrations of the clinical bleomycin mixture (Blenoxane) resulted in specific fragmentation of the genome that does not depend on the presence of superhelical turns. The double-strand breaks are in fact produced at several discrete sites on the PM2 genome but frequently occurring near the HpaII restriction endonuclease cleavage site. Initial rates of formation of nicked circular and linear duplex PM2 DNAs are reduced to different extents as the ionic strength of the reaction is increased. Increasing ionic strength is most effective in reducing the initial rate and overall yield of apparent double-strand scissions compared with single-strand scissions in the bleomycin-treated PM2 DNA.
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PMID:Bleomycin-specific fragmentation of double-stranded DNA. 7 75

The sequence of 129 nucleotides next to the poly(A) tail of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA has been determined by rapid gel sequencing of cDNA synthesized with DNA polymerase I or reverse transcriptase and a phasing primer, [5'-32P]p(dT)8dC. The sequence is in accord with (a) the pyrimidine tracts which were mapped in blocks along the cDNA, (B) the sequences of seven characteristic T1 RNase oligonucleotides in the RNA transcribed from the cDNA with RNA polymerase, and (c) a limited amount of sequence deduced by partial spleen phosphodiesterase digestion and depurination of endonuclease IV oligonucleotides. The 3' end shows little secondary structure on its own. Ten nonsense codons block all three reading frames such that at least 26 nucleotides do not code for protein. The possible function of a homology A-A-U-A-A-A with other polyadenylated RNAs is discussed.
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PMID:Sequence of 129 nucleotides at the 3'-terminus of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA. 7 85

The antigenic relationship between the two murine papovaviruses, K virus and polyoma virus, was examined by serological techniques to determine whether they shared any antigenic components. No cross-reactivity was found associated with the viral (V) antigens by the indirect immunofluorescence, neutralization, or hemagglutination-inhibition tests. The tumor (T) antigens expressed in transformed cells or cells productively infected by either K or polyoma virus did not cross-react by indirect immunofluorescence. An antigenic relationship was detected, however, among the late proteins of K virus, polyoma virus, simian virus 40, and the human papovavirus BKV, when tested with either hyperimmune sera prepared against polyoma virus and simian virus 40 or sera prepared against disrupted virions. The nucleic acids of K and polyoma viruses were compared by agarose gel electrophoresis and restriction endonuclease analysis. No nucleotide sequence homology between the genomes of these two viruses was detectable by DNA-DNA hybridization techniques under stringent conditions. The genome of K virus was found to be slightly smaller than that of polyoma virus, and the cleavage patterns of the viral DNAs with six restriction endonucleases were different. These findings indicate that there is little relationship between these two murine papovaviruses.
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PMID:Characterization of K virus and its comparison with polyoma virus. 8 18

The polymorphism of a restriction endonuclease site has been used for antenatal diagnosis of sickle-cell disease. In a normal person, the beta-globin gene was contained in a Hpa I-digested D.N.A. fragment 7.6 kilobases (kb) in length. In a family where the sickle gene was contained in a variant 13.0 kb fragment, restriction endonuclease mapping was used for antenatal diagnosis. The D.N.A. from amniotic-fluid cells produced both the 7.6 and the 13.0 bk beta-globin gene fragments, indicating the diagnosis of sickle-cell trait. This confirmed the diagnosis reached after investigation of a 100% sample of fetal blood. The method is sensitive and can be performed with cells obtained from 15 ml of uncultured amniotic fluid. This approach may prove useful in antenatal diagnosis of other genetic disorders.
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PMID:Antenatal diagnosis of sickle-cell anaemia by D.N.A. analysis of amniotic-fluid cells. 8 26

We have determined the recognition sequence of the restriction endonuclease KpnI, previously isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae. The enzyme cleaves the twofold rotationally symmetric sequence (see book for formula) at the positions indicated by the arrows, producing 3' protruding cohesive ends, four nucleotides in length. The specific cleavage site was unambiguously deduced using both 3' and 5' end analyses of KpnI generated restriction fragments of simian-virus 40 (SV40) DNA (1 site), adenovirus-2 (Ad-2) DNA (8 sites), and a plasmid (pCRI) DNA (2 sites).
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PMID:Recognition sequence of restriction endonuclease KpnI from Klebsiella pneumoniae. 8 35

Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) were X-irradiated in G2 stage of the cell cycle and immediately treated, in the presence of inactivated Sendai virus, with Neurospora endonuclease (E.C. 3.1.4.), an enzyme which is specific for cleaving single-stranded DNA. With this treatment, the frequencies of all types of chromosome aberrations increased when compared to X-irradiated controls. These results are interpreted as due to the conversion of some of the X-ray induced single-stranded DNA breaks into double-strand breaks by this enzyme. Similar enhancement due to this enzyme was found following treatment with methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and bleomycin, but not following UV and mitomycin C. Addition of Micrococcus endonuclease and Neurospora endonuclease to the cells did not alter the frequencies of aberrations induced by UV. The introduction of enzymes with specific DNA-repair function offers possibilities to probe into the molecular events involved in the formation of structural chromosome aberrations induced by different classes of physical and chemical mutagens.
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PMID:Molecular mechanisms involved in the production of chromosomal aberrations. I. Utilization of Neurospora endonuclease for the study of aberration production in G2 stage of the cell cycle. 8 35

We have determined a 139-base-pair sequence of adenovirus 2 DNA that is located immediately leftwards of the cleavage site for endonuclease Sma I at position 51.1. The established sequence includes the hexon AUG initiator codon, located 75--77 nucleotides leftwards of this cleavage site, and codons for the first 26 amino acids of the hexon polypeptide. By the use of purified hexon mRNA as a template and separated strands of small restriction enzyme fragments as specific primers, the complete 5' noncoding region of the hexon mRNA was synthesized and part of its sequence was determined. The tripartite leader sequence of the hexon mRNA starts 39 nucleotides upstream from the initiator AUG triplet and the total length of the 5' noncoding part of the hexon mRNA was estimated to be 235 nucleotides. The sequence at the junction of the leader sequence permits the formation of secondary structures that may be of importance for the splicing reaction.
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PMID:Nucleotide sequence at the junction between the coding region of the adenovirus 2 hexon messenger RNA and its leader sequence. 8 49


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