Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thymus, spleen and liver nuclei released a large fraction of soluble chromatin in vitro when incubation was carried out in sucrose media containing low concentrations of CaCl2 and/or MgCl2. A significant fraction of deoxyribopolynucleotides (DPN) was also extracted from nuclei. After 30 min of incubation at 37 degrees C, the maximum release of soluble chromatin was observed near a pH of 8, which corresponds to the optimum pH of the alkaline endonuclease activity from thymus, spleen and liver. The soluble chromatin and DPN were precipitated by increasing the bivalent ion concentration of the medium. The protein/DNA ratio and the molecular weight of DNA suggest that the soluble chromatin and DPN represent nucleosome-like particles. The release of soluble chromatin in the first 4 hours of incubation was significantly increased if the nuclear fraction was isolated from the thymus and spleen of whole-body irradiated mice (1000 rad). This effect was absent in the liver nuclei.
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PMID:Role of alkaline endonucleases in the release of soluble chromatin from thymus, spleen and liver nuclei of normal and irradiated mice. 3 58

Adenovirus type 2 or lambda DNA was digested with the pH 4.0 endonuclease, purified from adenovirus 2-infected KB cells. The enzyme produces a limit digest of approximate size in the range of 140-210 base pairs long. The termini of the DNA fragments generated by the endonuclease digestion had 3'-P and 5'-OH groups. The 3' and 5' end groups of the products were analyzed. Our data indicate that 3' end group was a purine (68-76%), dA occuring about twice the frequency of dG. The 5' end group was either dG or dC with equal frequency. Data obtained by treatment of the 5' labeled endonuclease product of lambda DNA with single-strand specific S1 nuclease from Asperigillus oryzae or exonuclease VII from Escherichia coli indicated that the majority of the products had a short 5' protruding ends. The mode of cleavage of this endonuclease seems to be through initial formation of several single-strand breaks with some base specificity. If these breaks are at close proximity on opposite strands, double-stranded fragments with protruding ends are generated.
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PMID:Specificity and mode of cleavage of the pH 4.0 endonuclease from adenovirus type 2 - infected KB cells. 4 Feb 9

We describe the partial purification of an endonuclease from calf thymus that nicks phage PM2 DNA irradiated with UV doses producing only a few pyrimidine dimers per molecule. It has much less activity on DNA that has been subjected to enzymatic photoreactivation after UV irradiation. The calf thymus endonuclease is different from other mammalian UV-endonucleases so far described in that it seems to be dimer specific. The enzyme is stimulated by Mg2+ and is inactive in the presence of EDTA. It binds to UV-irradiated DNA-Sepharose from which it is released by low concentrations of KCl. Gel filtration data indicate that the endonuclease may belong to a high molecular weight protein or protein complex. The enzyme is very labile and freezing increases its lability.
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PMID:UV-endonuclease from calf thymus with specificity toward pyrimidine dimers in DNA. 4 Feb 30

Donor deoxyribonucleic acid strands in the eclipse phase of genetic transformation of pnuemococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) are purified as a complex with a cf the deoxyribonucleic acid strand in this complex to digestion by nucleases was shown to be 50- to 1,000-fold less than that of uncomplexed single strands of deoxyribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonuclease I, micrococcal nuclease, Neurospora endonuclease, nuclease P1, and the major endogenous nuclease of cell-free extracts were studied. Sensitivity to nuclease attack was not uniform along the deoxyribonucleic acid strand; sequences of strongly protected bases were separated by more sensitive regions. The minimum size of protected fragments was about 70 bases. A complex of protein with the protected deoxyribonucleic acid segments was obtained after partial digestion. The sizes of these complexes, of the protected deoxyribonucleic acid segments, and of the protein subunit released by complete nuclease digestion, are all approximately identical, as determined by gel exclusion chromatography. Deoxyribonucleic acid strands of eclipse complex were also shown to be particularly well protected from attack by the major pneumococcal endonuclease in cell extracts.
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PMID:Transformation in pneumococcus: nuclease resistance of deoxyribonucleic acid in the eclipse complex. 4 Sep 62

Bacillus subtilis Marburg TI (thy,trpC2) has at least four endonuclease activities as assayed by measuring the conversion of single-stranded circular f1 DNA to the linear form by agarose gel electrophoresis. One of them, which is specific for single-stranded DNA (named endonuclease MII), was purified about 320 times by two chromatographic steps and gel filtration, thereby eliminating exonuclease and phosphomonoesterase activities. This activity requires divalent cations but does not require ATP. The molecular weight estimated by gel filtration was about 57,000 daltons. The cleavage products have 5'-phosphoryl termini. At low concentrations, double-stranded DNA is not split to any detectable extent. At high concentrations, however, double-stranded superhelical DNA is attacked to yield open-circular and linear DNA's. The activity of the enzyme towards single-stranded circular DNA relative to that towards double-stranded linear DNA was calculated to be approximately 5,000:1 by comparing the initial rates of introducing single-strand breaks into the DNA's.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of an endonuclease specific for single-stranded DNA from Bacillus subtilis Marburg. 4 35

Some physico-chemical properties of the DNAs released from the actinophages SH3, SH10, SH11, and SH12 are described. The four phage DNAs have a linear double-stranded secondary structure and are unique with respect to their high G.C contents which, from melting studies and buoyant density experiments, were found to be in the range of 68-73 mol-%. The DNA molecular weights were determined by sedimentation velocity experiments and by electron microscopic length measurements, the mean values of the two corresponding data sets being 34.0 x 10(6) (SH3), 26.7 x 10(6) (SH10), 26.1 x 10(6) (SH11), and 28.7 x 10(6) (SH12) with a mean relative error of +/- 5%. From different observations it was concluded that SH10 DNA, and possibly also SH11 and SH12 DNA, have cohesive ends and can undergo intramolecular or intermolecular association to form ring-like monomers or linear and ring-like multimers. Cleavage of the DNAs of SH3, SH10, SH11, and SH12 by EcoRI restriction endonuclease delivered two, one, zero, and two cleavage sites, respectively, and by BamHI restriction endonuclease eight, zero, zero, and zero cleavage sites, respectively.
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PMID:Molecular characterization of the genomes of actinophages SH3, SH10, SH11, and SH12 infecting Streptomyces hygroscopicus. 4 14

A serological analysis has been made of the capsid antigens hexon and fiber from 17 Ad5-Ad2+ND1 recombinants that enables us to determine the phenotype of the recombinants. By correlation of this data with the genetic and physical maps of the adenovirus genome, obtained by recombination and restriction endonuclease analysis, the genes coding for the hexon and fiber have been assigned to specific locations on the adenovirus DNA.
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PMID:The location of the genes coding for hexon and fiber proteins in adenovirus DNA. 4 27

DNA single-strand breakage by bleomycin treatment of cultured mammalian cells was demonstrated by the method of alkaline elution. Elution patterns from treated L1210 cells indicated that part of the DNA was extensively broken while the remainder was affected to a lesser degree. This biphasic effect, which was less prominent in human fibroblasts, may reflect a selective sensitivity either of part of the cell population or of part of the DNA within individual cells. In both cell types, the DNA damage was at least partially repaired upon incubation of the cells after removal of drug. Bleomycin did not inhibit the rejoining of X-ray-induced single-strand breaks. The production and repair of DNA single-strand breaks after bleomycin treatment were the same in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts, indicating that these events do not require the excision endonuclease that appears to be defective in these ultraviolet light-sensitive xeroderma cells.
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PMID:Single-strand scission and repair of DNA in mammalian cells by bleomycin. 6 Jan 74

Full-length, double-stranded globin DNA was synthesized in vitro starting from rabbit globin mRNA. Several restriction endonuclease cleavage sites with known recognition sequences were mapped on this DNA as a means of assessing the accuracy of in vitro synthesis. By comparing this map with the nucleotide sequences known or predicted from the amino acid sequences of alpha-and beta-chain rabbit hemoglobin, it was possible to show that the synthetic globin DNA is a faithful copy of beta-globin mRNA. Amplification of the synthetic globin DNA was achieved by inserting the molecule into the plasmid PMB9 using the poly(dA)-(dT) joining procedure, and transforming E. coli with the hybrid DNA. Transformants carrying beta-globin DNA were identified by colony hybridization using purified 125I-beta-mRNA probe. Comparison of the restriction maps of the synthetic and inserted globin DNAs showed that the entire synthetic globin DNA molecule was amplified without sequence rearrangements. Both the synthetic and the cloned DNA include the entire coding sequence of the beta-globin gene plus a substantial portion of the untranslated regions flanking the structural gene.
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PMID:Amplification and characterization of a beta-globin gene synthesized in vitro. 6 Oct 66

Complementary DNA, transcribed in vitro from purified rabbit globin messenger RNA and made double-stranded, has been inserted into Escherichia coli plasmids pSC101 and pMB9 by the poly(dT)/poly(dA) "tailing" and annealing technique. E. coli transformants given by this DNA preparation have been shown to contain globin sequences by the hybridization of globin RNA to DNA from clones grown and lysed in situ on nitrocellulose filters. An estimate of the amount of inserted globin sequences has been provided by fingerprint analysis of globin mRNA sequences hybridized to the purified plasmid chimeras. Inserted sequences so far subjected to detailed analysis have been ascribed to the rabbit beta globin chain. The susceptibility of inserted beta globin, sequences to the restriction endonuclease EcoRI confirms the existence of a site already found through previous nucleotide sequence analysis.
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PMID:A general method for cloning eukaryotic structural gene sequences. 6 88


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