Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A human cDNA library was constructed utilizing RNA isolated from cultured skin fibroblasts. Recombinant clones containing elastin sequences were identified by plaque hybridizations with previously characterized human placental elastin cDNAs. Seven positive recombinant clones with inserts of approximately 3.2-2.2 kb were isolated. Characterization of the clones by restriction endonuclease analysis and dot-blot hybridizations with exon-specific synthetic oligonucleotides demonstrated considerable variability in the primary nucleotide sequence. Dideoxy nucleotide sequencing confirmed this finding. The variability is most likely a result of alternative splicing of exons from the primary elastin transcripts. The two largest clones contained approximately 1 kb of 3' untranslated sequence and approximately 2.2 kb of translated sequence encoding 730 amino acids. Six amino acids, encoded by exon 12A, have not been previously noted in human elastin cDNAs. In addition, these human skin fibroblast clones contained a 49 bp 5' untranslated sequence. These results demonstrate that there is considerable variability in the processed nucleotide sequence of the elastin mRNAs. These transcripts may code for isoforms of tropoelastin with different biologic properties.
J Invest Dermatol 1988 Nov
PMID:Cloning of full-length elastin cDNAs from a human skin fibroblast recombinant cDNA library: further elucidation of alternative splicing utilizing exon-specific oligonucleotides. 317 Dec 21

The excision repair kinetics of UVB (280-320 nm)*-induced pyrimidine dimers in DNA of human skin in situ was determined for seventeen volunteers using a dimer-specific endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus in conjunction with agarose gel electrophoresis. Removal of pyrimidine dimers from human skin could be detected within 6 h after irradiation and the average half-life for removal of pyrimidine dimers was 11.0 h (+/- 4.3 h). However, there was significant inter-individual variability of repair as indicated by a half-life coefficient of variation of 38%.
J Invest Dermatol 1988 Jun
PMID:Variations in excision repair of UVB-induced pyrimidine dimers in DNA of human skin in situ. 337 12

Cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers, measured as sites recognized by the dimer-specific ultraviolet (UV) endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus, were produced in DNA of human skin exposed in situ to UVA (320-400 nm) radiation. The dimer yields produced by a broadband UVA source, by broadband UVA filtered to remove all light of wavelength less than 340 nm, and by narrow band radiation centered at 365 nm were similar, indicating that UVA radiation, and not stray shorter wavelength radiation, was responsible for dimer production. The identity of the UVA-induced DNA lesions was confirmed as pyrimidine dimers by photoreactivation of approximately 100% of the endonuclease-sensitive sites in vitro with the 40,000 dalton Escherichia coli photoreactivating enzyme.
J Invest Dermatol 1987 Apr
PMID:Production of pyrimidine dimers in DNA of human skin exposed in situ to UVA radiation. 355 69

We have measured UVB (280-320 nm)-induced DNA damage in skin of individuals with different sensitivities to UVB irradiation as measured by minimal erythema dose (MED). The DNA damage was susceptible to cleavage by Micrococcus luteus UV endonuclease, which recognizes pyrimidine dimers in DNA. An alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis method was used to quantitate the number of M. luteus UV endonuclease-sensitive sites in nonradioactive DNA from skin biopsies of 7 individuals irradiated with UVB (0-180 mJ X cm-2). The production of sites correlated well with MED (correlation coefficient = 0.78). The slope of the dose response curve for the most UVB-sensitive individual (MED = 24 mJ X cm-2) and for the least UVB-sensitive individual (MED = 146 mJ X cm-2) were 11.5 X 10(-4) and 2.6 X 10(-4) sites per 1000 bases per mJ X cm-2, respectively. The UVB-induced DNA damage was determined to be pyrimidine dimers by its susceptibility to cleavage by M. luteus UV endonuclease and its photoreactivability by Escherichia coli photoreactivating enzyme.
J Invest Dermatol 1986 Jan
PMID:Higher pyrimidine dimer yields in skin of normal humans with higher UVB sensitivity. 375 38

UVA- and UVB-induced tans which were visually identical with each other were induced in separate sites on the lower back of 5 normal human volunteers of good tanning ability. Tanning was achieved by 4 exposures to UVA and UVB administered over an 8-day period. One week after the last exposure the protection afforded by the two types of tan against UVB-induced erythema and against UVB-induced DNA damage was measured. Protection against erythema was measured by comparison of the minimal erythema doses of UVB in tanned and untanned skin. Protection against DNA damage was assessed by comparing the numbers of endonuclease-sensitive sites in epidermal DNA extracted from biopsies taken from tanned and untanned sites exposed to the same dose of UVB. The UVB tans conferred significant protection (mean 2.98-fold) against UVB-induced erythema. UVA tans were not associated with significant protection (mean 1.4-fold). In contrast, both UVA- and UVB-induced tans were associated with a similar reduction in yield of endonuclease-sensitive sites in epidermal DNA (in UVA tan to 47% and in UVB tan to 45% of the yield in untanned skin). Protection conferred by the tans against erythema was therefore not paralleled by protection against DNA damage.
J Invest Dermatol 1985 Oct
PMID:Comparative protection efficiency of UVA- and UVB-induced tans against erythema and formation of endonuclease-sensitive sites in DNA by UVB in human skin. 384 Jan 89

The induction and loss of pyrimidine dimers in human skin in vivo was determined using UV endonuclease, alkaline sucrose sedimentations, and the fluorescent detection of nonradiolabeled DNA. The number of dimers induced following exposure of the skin to radiation emitted from a Burdick UV-800 sunlamp was quantitated by reacting the extracted DNA with Micrococcus luteus endonuclease specific for pyrimidine dimers. Exposure to 15 and 30 seconds of radiation emitted from this lamp produced the formation of 12.8 and 23.6 dimers per 10(8) daltons DNA, respectively. Approximately 50% of the dimers induced were lost 58 min after irradiation. Only a small percentage (less than 10) remained 24 hr postirradiation. These data partially characterize the process by which pyrimidine dimers are excised from human skin DNA in vivo.
J Invest Dermatol 1981 Sep
PMID:Excision repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in human skin in vivo. 626 41

We have observed four patients with oral papillomas. Two children had oral mucosal lesions characteristic of focal epithelial hyperplasia, a young man had common, wart-like lesions on his hard palate, and a male immunosuppressed renal allograft recipient had condyloma-like lesions on his gingivae. Papillomavirus-like particles were seen by electron microscopy in lesions from both patients with focal epithelial hyperplasia. No structural antigens for human papillomavirus (HPV) 1, 2, 3, or 5 were found by immunofluorescent microscopy, but further evidence of the presence of a papillomavirus was found by immunoperoxidase microscopy using a cross-reacting sodium lauryl sulfate-disrupted bovine papillomavirus 1 anti-rabbit serum sample. The distinct histologic pattern seen in focal epithelial hyperplasia suggests that a yet undescribed HPV type might be associated with this disease. Histologic, ultrastructural, and immunofluorescent microscopy and restriction endonuclease analysis all gave evidence of HPV 2 in the palatal lesions in patient 3. Evidence of papillomavirus antigen was found by immunoperoxidase microscopy in the oral condylomas from our immunosuppressed patient.
Arch Dermatol 1982 Jun
PMID:Different papillomaviruses as the causes of oral warts. 628 61

Benign papillomas from a patient with a family history of epidermodysplasia verruciformis were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. Employing stringent hybridization conditions that allow identification of a single type of HPV and radioactively labeled HPV-5 DNA as a probe, we have detected HPV DNA exhibiting sequence homology to HPV-5 in these tumors. Restriction endonuclease analysis of this HPV DNA confirmed its identity as HPV type 5. However, when hybridization was performed under less stringent conditions that allow all of the known types of HPV to react with the radioactively labeled HPV-5 DNA probe, two additional species of HPV DNA unrelated to HPV-5 were identified. As these two HPV types do not hybridize with HPV 1, 2, 3, or 4 under stringent conditions, they appear unique and have, as yet, not been reported to be associated with patients exhibiting epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Thus we have observed three distinct HPV species in benign papillomas from a single patient. These observations have important implications when attempting to correlate the type of HPV present in the various wart disease syndromes that have been described to date and further suggest that extreme care must be taken when analyzing carcinomas, occupying similar anatomic sites and suspected to have arisen from papillomas, for HPV species.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1983 Mar
PMID:Identification of three distinct papillomavirus genomes in a single patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. 630 Feb 2

We have recently identified two unusual human papillomavirus (HPV) isolates while engaged in an ongoing study of wart disease in meat handlers and veterinarians. The papillomas from which these two viruses were isolated clinically resembled verruca vulgaris rather than either flat warts or epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). These two previously uncharacterized HPVs were molecularly cloned and characterized with respect to known HPVs. The genomes of the two viruses exhibited dramatically different restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns but were found to have significant sequence homology to each other, as well as to HPV-3 and a new virus isolated from a patient with EV. Neither of the two new HPV isolates exhibit detectable sequence homology under stringent conditions of hybridization or share similar restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns with previously characterized HPV types 1,2,4,5,6b, or a previously isolated HPV from meat handlers.
J Invest Dermatol 1983 May
PMID:Characterization of two HPV-3 related papillomaviruses from common warts that are distinct clinically from flat warts or epidermodysplasia verruciformis. 630 70

Over 20 kilobase pairs of the human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene have been isolated and characterized by restriction endonuclease mapping, cell-free translation of hybrid-selected RNA, and DNA sequence analysis. We have sequenced an exon and determined its length to be 108 base pairs (bp). This is consistent with the organization of chick and sheep collagen genes in that exons are multiples of 9 bp in length, frequently being 54 and 108 bp. The sequenced exon was bordered by a GT (guanine-thymine) at its 3' end and an AT (adenine-thymine) at its 5' end. This pattern has been found at all normal intron-exon junctions in eukaryotic cells. The amino acid sequence derived from DNA sequencing of this 108 bp exon revealed 88% homology compared to the amino acid sequence of bovine pro alpha 2(I). The bases encoded 12 Gly-X-Y triplets characteristic of the helical portion of collagen. A unique sequence Gly-Gly-Lys-Gly-Glu-Lys identified this fragment as alpha 2(I) collagen.
J Invest Dermatol 1984 Mar
PMID:Isolation and characterization of a human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene segment. 632 2


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