Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In June 1991, there were large scale outbreaks of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis at 4 primary schools and 1 junior high-school in Noheji-machi in Aomori Prefecture. A total of 732 patients (725 pupils and school children, 7 teachers and personnel) were affected and 134 were hospitalized. Sex ratio of incidence was 1.1:1.0 without appreciable difference. Clinical symptoms (478 patients) were represented frequently by pyrexia (86.4%), eruption (73.8%), abdominal pain (66.7%), vomiting nausea (63.4%), etc., and were characterized by a strawberry tongue, pharyngeal redness, membranous desquamation of the fingers and arthralgia during convalescence. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from 27 (81.8%) of 33 patients stool specimens, 1 waste water specimen and 2 (11.7%) of cooking employees' stool specimens. The isolates were confirmed serotype 5a, and positive for calcium-dependency and autoagglutination, and harboring 40-50 megadalton virulent plasmid. Restrictive endonuclease digestive pattern of plasmid proved to be identical. In many cases, patients' serum antibody titer showed a significant increase ratio to the isolated strain. In term of drug susceptibility, all the strains were sensitive to cefem, penicillin and amino-glycoside series and resistant to macrolide and sulfa series. The infectious source was limited to the school feeding, but the responsible food remained unknown. Mean latency and exposure day were presumed to be 6.5 days and May 30, respectively.
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PMID:[Large scale outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 5a infection at Noheji-machi in Aomori Prefecture]. 845 Feb 73

OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, tolerability, dosing, and administration of baloxavir marboxil (BXM), as well as its place in the treatment of influenza.<br/> DATA SOURCES: A search of PubMed and Google Scholar using the terms "baloxavir" and "S-033188" was performed. The manufacturer's website was also reviewed to further identify relevant information.<br/> STUDY SELECTION/DATA EXTRACTION: All Englishlanguage articles from January 2008 to December 2018 appearing in these searches were reviewed for relevance to this paper. In addition, their bibliographies were reviewed to identify any articles not identified in the searches.<br/> DATA SYNTHESIS: BXM is a selective cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older who weigh at least 40 kg. Clinical trials demonstrated that BXM was associated with a significantly shorter time to alleviation of influenza symptoms compared with placebo when taken within 48 hours of symptom onset. The time to alleviation of symptoms was similar with BXM and oseltamivir. The most common adverse reactions associated with BXM were diarrhea, bronchitis, nausea, nasopharyngitis, and headache. BXM is administered orally as a single-dose of 40 mg or 80 mg, depending on body weight. No dosage adjustment is needed in patients with mild-to-moderate hepatic or renal impairment.<br/> CONCLUSION: BXM has been proven safe and effective in the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in patients 12 years of age and older when administered within 48 hours of symptom onset.
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PMID:Baloxavir: A Novel Single-Dose Oral Antiviral for the Treatment of Influenza. 3093 46

Baloxavir marboxil is a newly approved antiviral agent with activity against influenza via a novel mechanism of action of inhibition of cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN). The novel agent was approved in October of 2018 in the United States for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza A and B in patients aged 12 years or older. Baloxavir is given as a single weight-based dose of 40 mg orally once for patients weighing less than 80 kg and 80 mg orally once for those weighing 80 kg or more within 48 hours of symptom onset. In comparison with current therapy, baloxavir is as effective in decreasing time to symptom alleviation as the drug of choice, oseltamivir, and significantly reduces viral load 1 day after treatment compared with placebo and oseltamivir. In safety analyses baloxavir was well tolerated with only mild adverse events reported (nausea, headache, diarrhea, bronchitis, nasopharyngitis), thus providing a safe and reliable alternative option to current therapy for acute uncomplicated influenza. Further studies are being conducted to evaluate the use of baloxavir in additional patient populations including pediatric patients less than 12 years of age and patients who are at high risk of complications related to influenza.
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PMID:Baloxavir marboxil: a novel cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) inhibitor for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza. 3125 Aug 40