Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hybrid water frogs Rana esculenta reproduce by hybridogenesis: one parental genome (of Rana lessonae) is excluded in the germ line, the other (of Rana ridibunda) is clonally transmitted to haploid gametes. The two parental species differ in that the amount of centromeric heterochromatin revealed by differential staining is much higher in Rana ridibunda. An abundant, tandemly arrayed, centromeric satellite DNA, designated RrS1, is revealed in Rana ridibunda genomes by the restriction endonuclease Stul, which generates a major repetitive sequence fragment of 300 and a minor one of 200 bp. This AT-rich (68%) satellite family is located at the centromeres of the five largest chromosomes (1-5) and of a medium to small heterobrachial one (8 or 9); it thus constitutes only part of the centromeric heterochromatin that characterizes all Rana ridibunda chromosomes. RrS1 represents about 2.5% of the genome of Rana ridibunda; it may represent as little as 0.2% of the genome of Rana lessonae, and cannot be detected in Xenopus laevis frogs or Salamandra salamandra and Triturus carnifex salamanders. Segments of the satellite sequence are similar to sequences of yeast centromeric DNA element CDEIII and of the mammalian CENP-B box. A role for RrS1 and other centromeric satellite DNAs in the germ line genome exclusion of the hybridogenetic frog hybrids, although suggested, has not yet been demonstrated.
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PMID:Molecular characterization of a centromeric satellite DNA in the hemiclonal hybrid frog Rana esculenta and its parental species. 858 3

The DNA of the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki was found to contain a highly repeated sequence identifiable upon restriction with endonuclease BglII. The monomeric unit - denominated pACS (about 170bp long) - was cloned. Southern blot hybridization yielded a ladder-like banding pattern, indicating that the repeated elements are tandemly arranged in the genome and therefore represent a sequence of satellite DNA. Sequence analysis of five different clones revealed the presence of various subfamilies, some of which showed a high degree of divergence. In each clone, regions homologous to the mammalian CENP-B box were observed. A region homologous to the CDEIII centromeric sequence of yeast was also found in one of the clones. These observations suggest a relationship of the pACS family to the centromeric area in A. colbecki.
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PMID:A satellite DNA containing CENP-B box-like motifs is present in the antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki. 1077 57

We provide evidence that centromere-specific 155 bp DNA repeats terminate one pair of telomeres at the telocentric, left end of the short fourth chromosome in Chironomus pallidivittatus. Earlier evidence indicated that all other telomeres are terminated by 340 bp telomere-specific repeats. DNA that borders the 155 bp repeat contains a transcriptionally active 396 codon open reading frame (ORF) a few kilobases away from the repeat array. The conceptual product of the ORF has regions with similarities to transposase, DNA binding and endonuclease motifs and is likely to have an evolutionary origin in a transposon. It is flanked, within degenerate inverted repeats, by a modified form of an element, Cp80, that has previously been found to insert only into 155 bp repeats and that contains a putative CENP-B box and a region that is prone to recombine. The ORF may therefore have a functional relation to the centromeric region.
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PMID:Telomere terminating with centromere-specific repeats is closely associated with a transposon derived gene in Chironomus pallidivittatus. 1206 70

Labeling and tracing of specific sequences in living cells has been a major challenge in studying the spatiotemporal dynamics of native chromatin. Here we repurposed the prokaryotic CRISPR/Cas adaptive immunity system to specifically detect endogenous genomic loci in mouse embryonic stem cells. We constructed a catalytically inactive version of the Cas9 endonuclease, fused it with eGFP (dCas9-eGFP) and co-expressed small guide RNAs (gRNAs) to target pericentric, centric, and telomeric repeats, which are enriched in distinct nuclear structures. With major satellite specific gRNAs we obtained a characteristic chromocenter (CC) pattern, while gRNAs targeting minor satellites and telomeres highlighted smaller foci coinciding with centromere protein B (CENP-B) and telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2), respectively. DNA sequence specific labeling by gRNA/dCas9-eGFP complexes was directly shown with 3D-fluorescent in situ hybridization (3D-FISH). Structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) of gRNA/dCas9-eGFP expressing cells revealed chromatin ultrastructures and demonstrated the potential of this approach for chromatin conformation studies by super resolution microscopy. This programmable dCas9 labeling system opens new perspectives to study functional nuclear architecture.
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PMID:Visualization of specific DNA sequences in living mouse embryonic stem cells with a programmable fluorescent CRISPR/Cas system. 2463 35