Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aims of the present study were to document the epidemiology, clinical features and complications of childhood acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in The Sudan during both an inter-epidemic (endemic) period (1985-1986), and the 1988 serogroup A epidemic; and to examine the phenotypic and genetic similarities and differences of Neisseria meningitidis strains isolated in The Sudan and Sweden. A new enzyme immunoassay test (Pharmacia Meningitis EIA-Test) was evaluated as a potential rapid diagnostic method for the detection of Haemophilus influenzae (HI) type b, Neisseria meningitidis (MC) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNC). The test was found to have good sensitivity (0.86) and specificity (0.95) in the inter-epidemic period; and to be adaptable to the field work in The Sudan during the 1988 MC epidemic. During inter-epidemic (endemic) situations in The Sudan, greater than 90% of childhood ABM was caused by one of the three organisms, HI type b, MC and PNC. HI accounted for 57% of the cases. The peak incidence (76%) of HI cases was in infants (less than 12 months) similar to the situation in other African countries. The overall case fatality ratio was 18.6%. Prospective follow-up of survivors for 3-4 years revealed that an additional 43% either died or had permanent neurological complications, the most prevalent and persistent of which was sensorineural hearing loss recorded in 22% of long term survivors. Post-meningitic children were found to have significantly lower intelligence quotients (92.3 +/- 13.9) than their sibling controls (100.7 +/- 10.2, P = 0.029). Features of the large serogroup A sulphonamide resistant MC epidemic (February-August 1988) in Khartoum are described. An estimated annual incidence of 1,679/100,000 was recorded at the peak of the epidemic. The highest attack rate was in young children less than 5 years, as in many other African countries; nevertheless, a high morbidity was observed in adults (31% of the cases greater than or equal to 20 years). The clinical features, mortality (6.3%) and short term sequelae in Sudanese children were generally within the framework described for MC disease elsewhere. Detailed analysis of MC isolates from Sudan and Sweden by characterizing their electrophoretic enzyme types, DNA restriction endonuclease pattern and outer membrane proteins, revealed that serogroup A MC clone III-1 was responsible of The Sudan epidemic in 1988 and has been the dominant serogroup A organism in Sweden since 1973. The Sudanese strains isolated prior to the epidemic (1985) were clone IV-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Childhood acute bacterial meningitis in the Sudan: an epidemiological, clinical and laboratory study. 211 7

The precise number of human and nonhuman herpesviruses is unknown. It is recognized, however, that the complex antigenic components of this group of viruses and their group interrelationships make specific differentiation of certain herpesviruses extremely difficult with routine serologic procedures. The question of differentiating herpes simplex (H. hominis) infection from B virus (H. simiae) infection frequently requires resolution. When SA8, another primate herpesvirus (principally of African primates) is also involved, differentiation becomes more difficult. The serum neutralization (SN) test, currently the procedure of choice for serologic diagnosis, is not without error. A number of factors control its specificity and variability. Neither EIA, RIA nor FA improves the specificity. Polyarcylamide electrophoresis of the highly lethal B virus indicates the presence of antigens (polypeptides and glycoproteins) distinct from those in other herpesviruses, which may aid in the specific diagnosis, particularly when these antigens are used for the production of monoclonal antibody. DNA fragments have been identified in B virus by restriction endonuclease analysis that appear to be unique for this agent in comparison to human herpesviruses types 1 and 2.
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PMID:The differential diagnosis of herpesvirus infections in man and animals. 629 23

Fecal samples submitted for virus examination over July 1990 to June 1991 from children < 3 years of age were examined by electron microscopy (EM), virus culture (VC), and enzyme immunoassay [EIA, group-reactive and adenovirus (Ad) 40/41 specific; Cambridge BioScience] to compare the detection rate of adenovirus from pediatric fecal specimens. Ad isolates of serotypes 1-7 grown in HEp-2 or primary rhesus monkey kidney cells were identified by neutralization. Graham 293 cell cultures were used only when specimens were found to be positive for Ad by EM, type-specific Ad40/41 EIA, and for isolates not identified by neutralization. Ads grown in 293 cells were identified by DNA restriction endonuclease analysis. Of the 1187 specimens examined, 105 (9%) were found to be positive for Ad. VC detected 93, while 12 additional positives were detected by EM or EIA. The relative sensitivity of VC, EIA, and EM for the 105 specimens was 89% (93), 45% (47), and 35% (37), respectively. Among the 105 positive specimens, enteric Ad, nonenteric Ad, and untypeable Ad were 28% (29), 65% (68), and 7% (8), respectively. Of 37 EM positives, 62% (23) were enteric Ad; 27% (10) were nonenteric including serotypes 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, and 31, with 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, and 1 isolates of each type positive, respectively; and 11% (4) were detectable only by EM. Five isolates were identified as variant of Ad 2(3), Ad 3(1) and Ad 31(1). Over a 1-year period, a single Ad41 variant strain was the most frequently detected enteric Ad in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Comparison of detection methods for adenovirus from enteric clinical specimens. 792 8

The sea from 120 anti-HCV-positive patients were detected by three different methods to type HCV. In method A, PCR product of 5'-NC region was cut by restriction endonuclease. In method B, PCR with HCV core region type-specific primers was used. In method C, EIA based on HCV genotype I, II (serotype 1) and genotype III, IV (serotype 2) synthetic peptides was used to detect type-specific antibodies. It was showed that HCV genotypes were successfully identified in 96(80%) patients both by method A and method B, with HCV-II 86(89.6%), HCV-III 8(8.3%), HCV-II/III coinfection 2(2.1%). The results of these two methods were completely agreeable. HCV type-specific antibodies were detected in 78(65%) cases by method C, with serotype 1 68(87.2%), serotype 2 6(7.7%), serotype 1 plus 2 positive 4(5.1%). The comparative estimation of 66 patients who were positive for all the three methods showed a remarkable concordance (64/66, 97.0%). Our study demonstrated that the results of different HCV-typing methods mentioned above were fairly consistent and reliable. The abvantages, disadvantages and practical applicable scope of these methods were discussed in the paper.
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PMID:[Comparative study on three different methods in typing hepatitis C virus]. 1561 18