Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rapid advances have occurred in the characterization of human papilloma virus (HPV) types applying the new advanced techniques of restriction endonuclease analysis and molecular hybridization to human wart virus. Human papilloma virus can no longer be viewed as a single, homogeneous virus producing all varieties of clinical warts. At least three antigenically heterogeneous HPV types have been associated with common and plantar warts. Two additional HPV types have been found in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Condylomata acuminata and laryngeal papillomas contain viruses which are also distinct from the preceding viruses and may represent additional HPV types. This antigenic heterogeneity of HPV has important implications concerning the immunology of human warts which have not been taken into account in most previously published studies. Both antibody and cell-mediated responses may be seen in patients with active warts, but many patients with warts have no demonstrable immune reactions. The role of immunity in wart regression remains poorly understood. Nevertheless, the increased frequency of warts in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs and with immune deficiency states and the immunologic alterations which occur in patients with regressing or cured warts compared to patients with active warts, particularly the increased frequency of cell-mediated responses and antibodies specific for viral antigens, support a possible role for immunity in the resolution of warts. The evidence to date, however, does not prove that immune mechanisms are directly responsible for the elimination of warts.
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PMID:Immunology of human warts. 22 34

A novel human papillomavirus type (HPV) was cloned from an invasive cervical carcinoma. The viral clone showed no homology with other known prototypes of HPV (HPV-1 through HPV-57), except HPV-33 by Southern blot analysis under stringent conditions. It showed less than 20% homology to HPV-33 by reassociation kinetic analysis. The restriction endonuclease map of the clone was different from those of other HPV types and its predicted genome organization surmised by hybridization with subgenomic fragment probes of HPV-33 DNA showed the typical HPV genome organization. The results indicate that this clone is a new type of HPV, designated as HPV-58, distinct from the other known types of HPV. HPV-58 was detected in none of 6 specimens of cervical condylomata acuminata, in 7 of 58 specimens of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and in 4 of 50 specimens of invasive cervical carcinoma studied in Nagano prefecture, Japan.
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PMID:Molecular cloning of a novel human papillomarvirus (type 58) from an invasive cervical carcinoma. 216 40

A primary perianal squamous cell carcinoma and two metastatic tumors from a renal transplant recipient with a previous history of condyloma acuminatum were analyzed by filter hybridization for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. Each of the DNA extracts from these three tissues was found to contain HPV DNA. Stringent hybridization and restriction endonuclease analysis identified this viral DNA as HPV 11 related, which largely comigrated with cellular DNA, suggesting the presence of integrated viral DNA. Each DNA extract was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, which separates circular and linear forms of DNA and can demonstrate linear viral DNA, which comigrated with high molecular weight linear cellular DNA, thus implying viral integration. In all three cases the vast majority of viral DNA was found to comigrate with linear DNA; in addition, a significant portion comigrated with high molecular weight cellular DNA, suggesting the presence of integrated viral DNA in these tumors. Restriction endonuclease analysis of high molecular weight cellular DNA from each of these tumors revealed identical banding patterns, indicating that the integration site in each tissue is identical and, therefore, that all three tumors most likely originated from a single clonal event. These molecular results are presented in light of the clinical history of this patient with a histologically "low grade," but biologically aggressive, squamous cell carcinoma and suggest that HPV 11 may be associated with the initiation of malignant epithelial neoplasms.
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PMID:Characterization of integrated human papillomavirus type 11 DNA in primary and metastatic tumors from a renal transplant recipient. 253 6

By centrifuging total cellular DNA derived from human genital warts (condylomata acuminata) in CsCl-ethidium bromide gradients, supercoiled DNA was isolated. The molecular weight of this DNA was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and amounted to 5.1 X 10(4). This DNA isolated from an individual genital wart was annealed to fractions of aqueous supernatants of the same wart after prior centrifugation of this material in CsCl density gradients. Annealing was observed at a density of approximately 1.32 g/ml corresponding to the expected density of papilloma virus particles. Since such particles were also observed in the same preparation by electron microscopy, it was concluded that the supercoiled DNA molecules were derived from papilloma virus nucleocapsids. Positive hybridization was found with six additional preparations from individual genital warts. Therefore, it seems that the isolated DNA prevails in condylomata acuminata. The DNA is different from the other five types of human papilloma viruses described thus far in regard to its restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns. The virus analyzed is tentatively designated as human papilloma virus type 6 (HPV 6).
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PMID:Partial characterization of viral DNA from human genital warts (Condylomata acuminata). 624 10

DNA samples from recurrent condylomata acuminata biopsies of Greek males and females were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using high-stringency Southern blot hybridization analysis. Of the twenty-six biopsies, 25 were positive for the HPV 6/11-related DNA sequences, and when further analyzed with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the HPV-negative biopsy was also positive for HPV 6/11 DNA. Nineteen specimens were further characterized based on their Pstl restriction endonuclease hybridization pattern. Twelve biopsies were positive for HPV 6a, one biopsy was positive for HPV 11a, and one biopsy was positive for HPV 6c DNA. Three specimens contained HPV 6/11 related DNA that gave an unusual Pstl pattern, and one specimen appeared to represent a multiple HPV infection containing HPV 6/11- and HPV 31/35/39-related sequences. Finally, one sample contained a mixture of HPV 6a DNA and an HPV 6a-like genome. Biopsies were also taken from adjacent apparently normal tissue, 0.5 cm away from the lesion, in 19 of the patients. Only one of these was found to be positive for HPV 6a DNA by Southern blot analysis.
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PMID:Typing of human papillomaviruses in condylomata acuminata from Greece. 800 40

To expand information regarding the epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young girls, girls with external genital warts were examined for the prevalence of cervical-vaginal or intraanal HPV infection. Cervical-vaginal wash specimens and biopsies of external lesions were examined for HPV genotypes 1, 2, 4, 6, 11, and 16 using Southern transfer hybridization with restriction endonuclease fragment length analysis. Exfoliated cells from cervical-vaginal and intraanal canals were processed for cytologic study. Of 18 girls, 8 (44%) had cytologic or genomic evidence (or both) of cervical-vaginal or intraanal HPV infection. Five had cervical-vaginal wash specimens that were positive for HPV genome and showed mild dysplasia. As is true for adults, young girls with external anal-genital warts are also frequently infected with HPV at internal mucosal sites. Determining the immediate and long-term prognosis of infected children and those with intraepithelial neoplasia will require appropriate prospective studies.
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PMID:Cervical-vaginal and intraanal human papillomavirus infection of young girls with external genital warts. 803 20