Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate procedures used for epidemiologic analysis of outbreaks of aspergillosis, we analyzed a collection of 35 Aspergillus fumigatus isolates using three typing methods: isoenzyme analysis (IEA), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, and restriction endonuclease analysis (REA). Twenty-one isolates were from a single hospital, with four isolates coming from different patients. Three clinical isolates came from a different hospital, and 11 clinical or environmental isolates were derived from a culture collection. With IEA, the patterns of alkaline phosphatase, esterase, and catalase discriminated nine types. In contrast, 22 types were obtained with five different RAPD primers, and 21 types could be detected with three of these (R108, R151, and UBC90). Restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic DNA, digested with either XbaI, XhoI, or SalI, detected 3, 17, and 13 different REA types, respectively, and 22 types were identified by combining the data from the XhoI and SalI REAs. Twenty-eight types were obtainable with a combination of REA, IEA, and RAPD patterns. Overall, the results pointed to substantial genetic variation among the isolates. Though two isolates had markedly distinct genotypes, their morphologic features and exoantigens were consistent with their being A. fumigatus. The analysis will help in planning epidemiologic studies of aspergillosis.
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PMID:Comparison of three typing methods for clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus. 858 42

Invasive aspergillosis is often nosocomially acquired and carries a high mortality. Molecular typing methods to discriminate isolates have now been developed. Using simple restriction endonuclease (Sal1 and Xho1) digestion of total genomic DNA, we have typed 25 epidemiologically-related isolates of A. fumigatus from six hospital episodes of invasive aspergillosis. Eight DNA types were found and in each case the DNA type matched precisely the epidemiological data. Thus DNA typing of A. fumigatus can provide the means to match isolates from linked sources and distinguish isolates from diverse origins.
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PMID:DNA typing of epidemiologically-related isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus. 786 35

When seven immunocompromised patients developed invasive aspergillosis during construction at a hospital, new methods were performed to compare fungal isolates and a case-control study was conducted to determine risks for infection. Typing of Aspergillus flavus with the use of restriction endonuclease analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphism using random amplified polymorphic DNA reactions to generate DNA probes revealed different patterns between isolates from two patients and a similar pattern among those from one patient, a health care worker, and an environmental source. Case patients were more likely than controls to have longer periods of hospitalization (median, 83 vs. 24 days; P < 0.01), neutropenia (median, 33 vs. 6 days; P < 0.05), and exposure to broad spectrum antimicrobials (median, 56 vs. 15 days; P = 0.08). No patients restricted to protected areas developed aspergillosis. Risk of exposure of immunocompromised patients to opportunistic organisms stirred up by construction activity may be decreased by admitting these patients to protected areas away from construction activity and by restricting traffic from construction sites to these areas. Although typing of A. flavus isolates did not reveal a single type or source of organism responsible for infection, this method may facilitate epidemiologic investigation of possible nosocomial sources and transmission in similar settings.
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PMID:Investigation of an epidemic of invasive aspergillosis: utility of molecular typing with the use of random amplified polymorphic DNA probes. 791 15

Molecular genetic methods are becoming increasingly important as a part of diagnostics in the clinical mycology laboratory. The methods may be used to detect nucleic acids of fungi in clinical samples, to identify fungal cultures to the species level or to evaluate inter-strain differences within the species. For these purposes, numerous techniques have been developed over the past years. Recently, the effort to accept some of them as a widely accepted standard has increased, particularly in rapid diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Various modifications of the PCR are used to detect DNA in clinical material, particularly nested and real-time PCR. Restriction endonuclease analysis, usually followed by Southern blot hybridization, as well as karyotyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis are often used as typing methods. In addition, a group of PCR-based typing techniques is developed extensively. These include random amplified polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphism, inter-repeat PCR, p olymorphic microsatellite markers, amplification with sequence-specific primers, multilocus sequence typing and DNA microarray technique. The latter methods are considered to be most likely accepted as the gold standard in the future.
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PMID:[Molecular genetic methods in medical mycology: current state and perspectives]. 1792 18