Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.1 (S1 nuclease)
 3,660 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The structural organization of the gene coding for human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) has been determined by seven overlapping lambda phage genomic clones including three clones that were previously characterized. The gene for hHGF spans about 70 kbp of DNA and consists of 18 exons separated by 17 introns. The coding sequence of hHGF consists of multiple putative domains that are homologous to those observed in plasminogen. These regions were found as separate exons in the gene, and the exon-intron arrangement was similar to that of plasminogen. These results suggest that the genes for hHGF and plasminogen have arisen through gene duplication events from an ancestral gene. The major transcription initiation site of the hHGF gene is located 76 bp upstream of the translational start codon as judged by S1 nuclease mapping and primer extension analyses. A TATA-like element was found 33 nucleotides upstream of the transcription initiation site. Two sequence elements, an interleukin 6 response element (CTGGGA) and a potential binding site for NF-IL6 (TGAGGAAAG), are located near the transcription initiation site. These sequence elements might be involved in the regulation of HGF gene expression.
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PMID:Structural organization and the transcription initiation site of the human hepatocyte growth factor gene. 183 56

The urokinase-type and tissue-type plasminogen activators are the two enzymes found in mammals, which specifically convert the zymogen plasminogen to plasmin. Using cDNA probes, we have assayed for the presence of the two types of plasminogen activator mRNAs in murine tissues. We demonstrate that tissue-type plasminogen activator mRNA can be detected in a wide variety of tissues. In contrast, the accumulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator mRNA is observed in only a few of the tissues analyzed. Using an S1 nuclease assay, we demonstrate that the tPA mRNA detected contains the complete sequences encoding the non-protease finger, growth-factor and kringle domains.
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PMID:Tissue plasminogen activator mRNA in murine tissues. 283 Oct 81

The nucleotide sequence of the human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene has been established. A total of 36,594 base pairs (bp) was sequenced; this included 32,720 bp from the site of initiation of transcription to the polyadenylation site, in addition to 3,530 and 344 bp of 5' and 3' flanking DNA, respectively. Thirteen intervening sequences divide the gene into 14 coding regions; the size range for exons is 43-914 bp, while that for introns is 111-14,257 bp. The gene and 5' flanking region contain 28 copies of Alu repetitive DNA and a single KpnI repeat. The transcription initiation site was identified by S1 nuclease, exonuclease VII, and primer extension analysis as an A residue; "TATA" and "CAAT" boxes are located in the expected positions upstream of this proposed site. Results of the analysis of the gene sequence and its comparison with data banks are described. The protein and gene structures of tissue and urokinase plasminogen activator are compared; based on these features the evolutionary relationship of the two human plasminogen activators appears to be close.
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PMID:The human tissue plasminogen activator gene. 300 82

A cDNA library was constructed in pBR322 from bovine liver mRNA that was enriched for plasminogen mRNA by polysome immunoprecipitation. A 32P-labeled single-stranded cDNA was then prepared from the enriched bovine mRNA and employed as a probe to screen the cDNA library. The screening was carried out by testing for clones that protect the hybridized 32P-labeled cDNA from S1 nuclease digestion. The longest clone that was found was 581 base pairs in length and coded for the C-terminal 107 amino acids of bovine plasminogen, a 3' noncoding region of 246 nucleotides and a poly(A) tail. The bovine cDNA clone was then used as a probe to screen a human liver cDNA library of 18 000 recombinants. Six isolates were found to contain human plasminogen sequences. The longest clone consisted of 1851 base pairs corresponding to amino acid residues 272-790, followed by a 3' noncoding region of 227 base pairs and a poly(A) tail. Restriction fragments of the human cDNA were then used as probes to screen a human genomic DNA library present in a Charon 4A lambda phage library. Approximately 50 isolates from 10(6) recombinants were identified that hybridized to varying degrees with the cDNA probe. Among these, 10 corresponding to the gene for human plasminogen have been analyzed, and 3 that overlap have been shown to extend from kringle 3 through the 3' noncoding region of the gene. A 160 base pair exon with flanking splice junctions was then characterized and shown to encode for the first half of plasminogen kringle 4, including amino acid residues 346-399.
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PMID:Characterization of a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid coding for human and bovine plasminogen. 614 61