Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.30.1 (S1 nuclease)
 3,660 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mice carrying null mutations in the myogenic regulatory factors Myf-5 or MyoD have apparently normal skeletal muscle. To address whether these two factors functionally substitute for one another in myogenesis, mice carrying mutant Myf-5 and MyoD genes were interbred. While mice lacking both MyoD and Myf-5 were born alive, they were immobile and died soon after birth. Northern blot and S1 nuclease analyses indicated that Myf-5(-1-);MyoD(-1-) mice expressed no detectable skeletal muscle-specific mRNAs. Histological examination of these mice revealed a complete absence of skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated an absence of desmin-expressing myoblast-like cells. These observations suggest that either Myf-5 or MyoD is required for the determination of skeletal myoblasts, their propagation, or both during embryonic development and indicate that these factors play, at least in part, functionally redundant roles in myogenesis.
 ...
PMID:MyoD or Myf-5 is required for the formation of skeletal muscle. 826 13

In vivo short term (2 h) insulin-regulated gene expression was examined in skeletal muscle of persons with differing insulin sensitivities. Nine genes were analyzed by a S1 nuclease protection assay with multiple probes (multiple S1 nuclease protection assay) to allow the simultaneous examination of RNA abundances from the multiple genes. In insulin-sensitive individuals, 5 of these 9 genes were insulin responsive. RNA from the proto-oncogenes c-Ha-ras, c-myc, and c-src transiently increased 2- to 4-fold within 30 min of insulin infusion. In addition, the RNA abundance of myf-5, a muscle specific differentiation factor, increased 3-fold with a time course similar to that of c-Ha-ras, c-myc, and c-src. In contrast, type 1 protein phosphatase alpha (PPP1A) RNA levels decreased by 50% within 30 min. In insulin-resistant individuals, the RNA levels of c-Ha-ras and myf-5 did not increase, whereas c-src RNA did increase within 30 min of insulin infusion. RNA encoding c-myc transiently increased in both groups; however, this response was lower in insulin-resistant individuals than in insulin-sensitive individuals in a pattern similar to c-Ha-ras and myf-5. PPP1A RNA levels slightly increased in insulin-resistant individuals. In both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant persons, RNA quantities of GLUT4, c-jun, c-fos, and the insulin receptor did not change over the period of insulin infusion. However, overall RNA levels of the insulin receptor and c-jun were lower in insulin-resistant individuals.
 ...
PMID:Insulin regulation of multiple ribonucleic acid species in human skeletal muscle in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant subjects. 863 61