Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.1 (S1 nuclease)
 3,660 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The expression of cytokine genes in cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with mannoprotein constituents (MP) of Candida albicans has been studied by means of S1 nuclease mapping analysis, polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MP induced early, consistent, and long-lasting production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-6 mRNAs. Similar results were obtained when the same PBMC cultures were stimulated with the purified protein derivative (PPD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis or with IL-2, although lower levels of IL-6 mRNA were detected in IL-2-stimulated cells than in MP- or PPD-stimulated cells. MP, PPD, and IL-2 induced appreciable levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and gamma interferon, but only MP and PPD were able to induce IL-2 mRNA. MP were unable to stimulate a consistent expression of the genes encoding for IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10, while low, sometimes barely detectable levels of these cytokine mRNAs were observed in PPD- or IL-2-stimulated PBMC cultures. When protein synthesis of MP-stimulated PBMC was inhibited by cycloheximide, a superinduction of mRNAs for IL-4 and IL-10 and, more markedly, gamma interferon was observed. Overall, these results highlight the powerful, selective induction of cytokine gene expression by MP constituents of C. albicans in human PBMC cultures, thus providing some functional clues to explain the efficient state of the anticandidal response in normal human subjects.
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PMID:Cytokine gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by mannoprotein constituents from Candida albicans. 840 99

The promoter region of the human factor H gene was cloned and a 3 kb Eco RI fragment was sequenced. Primer extension and S1 nuclease analysis were used to determine the transcription start site, which was found to be 10-11 nucleotides upstream of the published cDNA sequence. No canonical TATA or CCAAT boxes were found in conjunction with this site. The sequence from the human H promoter region was compared to that from the mouse gene. There was a region of 800 bp that was 62.5% identical between the two sequences. The sequences of the two promoter regions were compared to a database of transcription factor binding sites. Five elements were identified that matched the consensus sequence 100% and were identical in the two promoter sequences. Promoter assays using the luciferase reporter gene demonstrated that this region contained a functional transcription start site and putative enhancer elements. U118-MG astroglioma cells and Hep3b hepatoma cells were incubated with various cytokines to measure effects on their factor H mRNA levels. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), but not interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or IL-6, was able to increase the level of H mRNA in both cell lines.
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PMID:Characterization of the 5' flanking region of the human complement factor H gene. 901 Apr 94