Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.1 (S1 nuclease)
 3,660 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have analyzed the structure of viral transcripts in six HPV-6c-induced respiratory tract lesions, which included four benign laryngeal papilloma, one benign nasopapilloma, and one malignant tumor, in four benign laryngeal papilloma induced by HPV-6e, and in one benign laryngeal papilloma induced by HPV-6f. Northern analysis and S1 nuclease digestion with subgenomic RNA probes demonstrated that the major exon of 1050 bases had a 5' end in the E4 open reading frame and a 3' end in E5B. Primer extension from a synthetic oligonucleotide in E4 was used to examine sequences 5' to the major exon. Differences were found in length, start sites, and relative abundance of the first exon in transcripts produced in HPV-6c-induced infections as compared to HPV-6e- and HPV-6f-induced infections. Primer extension in the presence of dideoxynucleotides facilitated sequence analyses of the first exon. HPV-6c transcripts contained common sequences from E1 that in different transcripts extended farther upstream in the 5' direction into E7 resulting in different lengths. All of the mRNAs had the same splice junction at nucleotide 847 in E1 and 3325 in E4. Similarly, the HPV-6e transcripts shared common sequences in the first exon that differed in length as a result of different starting points and had the same splice junction as the HPV-6c transcripts. No differences were found in the structure of viral transcripts in a malignant vs benign lesions, nor in those of nasopapilloma vs laryngeal papilloma when induced by the same HPV-6 subtype.
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PMID:Heterogeneity in mRNA of human papillomavirus type-6 subtypes in respiratory tract lesions. 253 96

The genomes of two new genital human papillomavirus (HPV) types, tentatively named HPVs 39 and 42, have been cloned from biopsy specimens of penile Bowenoid papules and vulvar papillomas, respectively. Blot hybridization experiments, performed under stringent conditions (Tm -10 degrees), have revealed no cross-hybridization between the DNAs of HPVs 39 and 42, and between these DNAs and those of other genital and cutaneous HPVs. A significant cross-hybridization has been observed between the DNA of HPV42 and that of HPV32, the latter being associated with oral focal epithelial hyperplasia. The fraction of HPV32 and HPV42 hybrid molecules resistant to nuclease S1 treatment after hybridization in liquid phase at saturation has been evaluated to 20%, supporting the view that these HPVs constitute distinct types. In addition to HPV42 DNA, a 6.8-kb BamHI fragment, cross-hybridizing with HPV39 DNA, has been cloned from the vulvar papilloma DNA preparation. The cross-hybridization has been evaluated to 16%, pointing to the existence of an additional HPV39-related type. Electron microscope analysis of heteroduplex molecules formed between HPV32 and HPV42 DNAs showed paired regions over about 60 and 87% of their genome lenghts under stringent (Tm -18 degrees) and nonstringent (Tm -42 degrees) conditions, respectively. The 6.8-kb HPV DNA and HPV39 DNA formed paired regions over about 63 and 95% of the 6.8-kb fragment length at Tm -18 degrees and Tm -26 degrees, respectively. These data point to greater DNA sequence homologies than anticipated from the percentages of nuclease S1 resistance. Heteroduplex mapping has allowed the alignment of the physical maps of HPV39 and 42 DNAs and of the 6.8-kb HPV DNA with the map of the open reading frames of the HPV16 genome. So far, HPV42 has been detected only in benign genital lesions showing usually no cell atypia. HPV39 has been detected in a few cases of intraepithelial neoplasias and invasive carcinomas of the uterine cervix. The viral DNA sequences have been found integrated into the cell genome in all four HPV39-associated cervical cancers of our series. It seems most likely that HPV42 belongs to the low-risk group of genital HPVs, while HPV39 represents a potentially oncogenic genital HPV type.
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PMID:Plurality of genital human papillomaviruses: characterization of two new types with distinct biological properties. 282 11

Messenger RNAs present in C127 mouse cells transformed by bovine papilloma virus type 1 (BPV-1) were studied by the S1 nuclease protection technique, Northern blotting, and electron microscopic heteroduplex analysis. The results revealed at least five classes of spliced mRNAs which we designate types 1 to 5. They had a common poly(A) addition site located at co-ordinate 53 and all mRNAs, except the type 3 mRNAs, contained an exon located between co-ordinates 41 and 53. In the type 1 mRNAs this exon was connected to a very short leader sequence located around co-ordinate 31. The type 2 mRNAs contained 220 to 400-nucleotide long leaders which were located approximately 1.5 X 10(3) base-pairs further upstream. Two different subclasses of type 2 molecules (2A and 2B) were identified and these had slightly different leaders. The type 4 mRNAs contained a bipartite leader, whereas the type 5 mRNAs carried an approximately 900-nucleotide long leader. The type 3 mRNAs consisted of a main exon located between co-ordinates 32 and 53, linked to the same leader as is present in the type 2A mRNAs. A cap site which presumably is utilized by the type 2A, type 3, type 4 and type 5 mRNAs was mapped at nucleotide 89 in the BPV-1 sequence. A putative cap site for the type 1 mRNAs was mapped at co-ordinate 31.
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PMID:Messenger RNAs from the transforming region of bovine papilloma virus type I. 298 33

A novel eucaryotic vector derived from the transforming region of bovine papilloma virus was established and demonstrated to be highly effective for introducing foreign genes into animal cells. The foreign deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is replicated and actively transcribed as an episome, and the transcripts are translated into an authentic gene product. We have constructed a DNA hybrid molecule, BPV69T-rI1, containing the transforming region of bovine papilloma virus DNA and the rat preproinsulin gene I (rI1), and used it to transform susceptible mouse cells. DNA hybridization analysis has demonstrated the presence of multiple unintegrated copies of hybrid DNA molecules, with the bovine papilloma virus 1 DNA segment and the rI1 gene covalently linked in selected transformed cell lines. S1 nuclease analysis revealed the presence of a correctly spliced coding segment of the preproinsulin transcript similar or identical in its electrophoretic mobility to that of messenger ribonucleic acid produced in rat insulinoma cells. Significant levels of a protein immunoreactive with anti-insulin serum were detected by radioimmunoassay in the culture medium of transformed cells. Immunoprecipitation analysis in conjunction with competitive binding to bovine proinsulin established the identity of the protein as that of rat proinsulin.
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PMID:Bovine papilloma virus deoxyribonucleic acid: a novel eucaryotic cloning vector. 610 Sep 67

The state of rabbit (Shope) papilloma virus DNA in virus-induced nonproducing tumors on domestic rabbits was investigated. Virus-specific sequences were resolved into many distinct bands by one-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, CsCl/propidium iodide density equilibrium centrifugation, partial digestion with a restriction endonuclease, and S1 nuclease digestion permitted us to identify the bands as free viral episomes representing circular molecules of increasing size. In some tumors (both papillomas and carcinomas), up to 25% of the virus-specific DNA was linear and comigrated with cellular DNA. Integration of at least some of these sequences was suggested by the detection of viral-cellular junction bands in one tumor after digestion of DNA with EcoRI and Sal I, enzymes that cut Shope DNA once. Finally, the physical states of viral DNA in papillomas and carcinomas were found to be similar, although free episomes were generally larger in carcinomas.
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PMID:Variable-sized free episomes of Shope papilloma virus DNA are present in all non-virus-producing neoplasms and integrated episomes are detected in some. 627 94