Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.9 (glucose-6-phosphatase)
 3,081 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Microsome, cytosol and serum malathion carboxylesterase (MaCEst) activity was assessed in rats after single i.p. administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in doses ranging from 0.05 to 1 ml kg-1. MaCEst activities were compared with those of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6-Pase) as an indicator of endoplasmic reticulum damage and serum glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SHD) as indicators of liver cytolysis. The data showed a dose-dependent increase in GLDH and SDH serum activities (175% and 68%) from 0.05 ml kg-1; an increase in serum G6-Pase (31%) and a decrease in microsomal G6-Pase (38%) was apparent only after 0.5 or 1.0 ml kg-1 doses. MaCEst activity was unaffected. The results demonstrate that, under these experimental conditions, serum and subcellular measurements of MaCEst activity failed to reveal the liver toxicity of CCl4.
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PMID:Difference in liver and serum malathion carboxylesterase and glucose-6-phosphatase in detecting carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. 166 44

The nasal passages are anatomically complex, and while there have been a number of descriptions of nasal structure in many species, there is very little information available on the distribution of enzymes in the nasal mucosa. In rodents, this delicate mucosa is the first site within the respiratory tract to be exposed during inhalation toxicology studies designed to assess human risks from such exposures. However, the nasal mucosa presents problems for histologic preparation because it is encased in brittle bones. Because of recent interest in the nose as a target site, and findings from biochemical studies which indicate that the nose is very active metabolically, studies were carried out to determine the value of cold glycol methacrylate (GMA) processing for localization of nasal enzymes. For these studies, liver and kidney were used as positive controls. Published histochemical procedures for acid and alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and naphthyl butyrate esterase were applied, with modifications, to undecalcified nasal passages of Fisher-344 rats. Frozen sections exhibited excellent enzyme preservation but very poor morphology, while GMA gave good enzyme preservation and excellent morphology. For GMA, acetone fixation generally resulted in the best preservation of enzyme activity. It was concluded that cold GMA processing provides a useful approach to studies of nasal enzyme distribution and that this technique of value for inhalation toxicology studies. Details of enzyme distribution in the squamous, respiratory, and olfactory epithelia, associated glands, and other structures of the nose of the rat are described and discussed.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemistry of the rat nasal mucosa embedded in cold glycol methacrylate. 288 3