Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.9 (glucose-6-phosphatase)
 3,081 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The noradrenaline and glycogen contents as well as hexokinase, glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities were determined in normal, embryonic and partially denervated (bilateral dissection of the Nervus splanchnicus or Nervus vagus) rat liver and in two transplantable hepatomas. In embryonic liver and hepatomas a strong decrease or complete loss of noradrenaline and glycogen levels and glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities is demonstrable as compared to the livers of adult animals, while the hexokinase activity is enhanced. Following bilateral splanchnicotomy the glycogen content and hexokinase activity are enhanced; the glucose-6-phosphatase activity is reduced, and the liver does not contain any noradrenaline. Bilateral vagotomy causes decrease of the glycogen content, of the hexokinase and glucokinase activities and an enhancement of glucose-6-phosphatase activity. The results lend support to the idea of antagonistic action of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems upon several partial reactions of carbohydrate metabolism of liver. In addition, it can be assumed that the alterations of the carbohydrate metabolism demonstrable in hepatomas as compared to normal liver are not solely attributable to disturbance or breakdown of the nervous regulation.
 ...
PMID:[Noradrenaline and glycogen content and the activity of several enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in normal, embryonic, and partly denervated livers and in hepatomas of the rat]. 21 Jun 7

Karminomycin effect on the activity of some serum enzymes, such as hexokinase (HK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDG), its isoenzymes and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P-ase) was studied. Biochemical assays were applied to 52 patients with neglected malignant tumors. The course dose of the drug was on the average 72mg. The objective antitumor effect was registered in 15 patients. A reliable increase in the values of LDG-5 and G-6-P-ase was observed after the treatment course in the combined group consisting of all the patients subjected to the biochemical assay. Normalization of the serum enzyme spectrum was observed in 15 patients effectively treated with karminomycin: activity of HK and the cathode fractions of LDG decreased. When treatment with karminomycin was ineffective (37 cases), the changes in the enzymatic activity recorded before the treatment further aggraviated. It was found that the level of G-6-P-ase in the patients' treated with karminomycin increased independent of the treatment effect which was probably associated with its toxic effect on the liver. The increase was reversible.
 ...
PMID:[Serum enzymatic activity in oncological patients treated with carminomycin]. 21 Jul 11

During the first 72 h after 67% partial hepatectomy of female Wistar rats (160 g) the specific activities [mumol X min-1 X (g liver)-1] of the glucogenic glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-bisphosphatase and of the glycolytic hexokinase and 6-phosphofructokinase remained essentially constant. However, the activity of the glycolytic pyruvate kinase (L- plus M2-type) was decreased slightly and that of glucokinase was decreased markedly to below 30%, while the glucogenic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was increased to over 200%. Between 10 and 40 h after partial hepatectomy, when the proliferation started in the periportal area, a shift of the glucogenic glucose-6-phosphatase-rich zone from its normal periportal to an intermediate or even perivenous position was observed histochemically. After 48 h, when the proliferation was no longer restricted to the periportal zone, the normal glucose-6-phosphatase zonation (as before partial hepatectomy) was restored. Glycogen was degraded rapidly during the first 4 h after operation; it was later repeatedly resynthesized and degraded in correlation with the feeding rhythm of the animals. The zonation of glycogen metabolism was in accord with the observed zonation of glucose-6-phosphatase.
 ...
PMID:Increase of the gluconeogenic and decrease of the glycolytic capacity of rat liver with a change of the metabolic zonation after partial hepatectomy. 21 1

The activity of key glycolysis enzymes (hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphofructokinase, fructose-diphosphatase and ketose-1-phosphate aldolase) in the kidney tissue and its subcellular structures was studied in normal rats and in rats with experimental acute renal insufficiency. It is established that considerable biochemical changes in the kidney tissues affecting all the elements of cellular structures occur under acute lesion of the kidneys. The activity of the enzymes under study under acute renal insufficiency lowers to a greater extent in those subcellular structures of the kidneys where they are mainly localized. The arising disturbances in permeability of the kidneys cellular membranes intensify the release of the mentioned enzymes to blood serum and urine, that in its turn disturbs the coordination of certain glycolysis stages.
 ...
PMID:[Activity of glycolysis key enzymes in subcellular structures of normal kidneys and under acute renal insufficiency]. 22 62

The activity of hexokinase (HK), its isoenzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and the triiodothyronine (T3) effect on this activity in the liver tissue of mice bearing transplantable hepatoma 22a were studied in different periods of the tumor growtn. It was shown that alterations in the activity of the enzymes in the liver of tumor-bearing mice occurred already in the presence of a small tumor. More profound alterations in the activity of all enzymes studied, apart from those in the enzymatic pattern of HK, could be observed starting from day 21after the tumor transplantation. In the initial stages of the hepatoma growth the activity of the test enzymes in the liver was regulated by thyroid hormone. The effect of Ta on the activity of the enzymes in the host liver was gradually lost in the course of the tumor growth.
 ...
PMID:[Carbohydrate metabolism enzymatic activity and its alteration under the influence of thyroid hormone during tumor growth]. 22 89

Hyperinsulinemia was produced in fetal rhesus monkeys for 21 days in the last third of gestation by subcutaneous pork insulin injected at 19 U a day. Plasma insulin concentrations in treated fetuses (N = 4) were 3525 microU/ml. There was no difference in paired pre- and post-treatment fetal plasma glucose concentration. Activity of the hepatic enzymes that promote glucose utilization (glucokinase and hexokinase) and glycolysis (phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase) was unaffected. Similarly, glycogen metabolism enzymes (active and inactive synthase and phosphorylase) were unaltered. Two gluconeogenic enzymes (PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase) were diminished in the treated group compared with controls. Fetal hyperinsulinemia enhanced lipogenic and NADPH-producing enzyme activities, as evidenced by a twofold increase in fatty acid synthase and in citrate cleavage enzyme activity. Malic enzyme was absent. Hyperinsulinemia with euglycemia (1) increases the activity of enzymes that participate in lipogenesis, (2) decreases some of those controlling gluconeogenesis, and (3) has no effect on the enzymes of glycolysis.
 ...
PMID:Chronic hyperinsulinemia in the fetal rhesus monkey: effects on hepatic enzymes active in lipogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism. 22 50

The activities of the key gluconeogenic, glycolytic, and pentose-shunt enzymes in chicken kidney were determined starting from 8 days before to 58 days after hatching. The activities of pyruvate carboxylase (PC), mitochondrial and cytosolic phosphoenolypruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) were low in the embryonic tissue but increased towards the time of hatching. After hatching, the activities of PC, mitochondrial PEPCK, and G6Pase continued to increase, but those of FDPase and cytosolic PEPCK decreased. Relatively little change in these activities was observed in chickens over 24 days old. The activities of hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased during embryonic growth. After hatching, HK activity continued to increase and then decrease, whereas PFK appeared to decrease and then increase to prehatch levels in 28-day-old birds. LDH activity continued to increase until 8 days after hatching and remained constant thereafter. No definite pattern was discernible in the case of PK. As for the pentose-shunt enzymes, there was no significant change in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (G6PDH), but the activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) increased until the chickens were 14 days old and then remained relatively constant.
 ...
PMID:Development of gluconeogenic, glycolytic, and pentose-shunt enzymes in the chicken kidney. 22 78

1. Glucokinase was absent from chicken liver and only the low Km hexokinases, inhibited by AMP, ADP but not ATP, were present. 2. The Km of chicken liver glucose-6-phosphatase for glucose-6-phosphate was reduced from 5.65 to 3.75 mM following starvation, and the enzyme was inhibited by glucose. 3. Starvation of chickens for 24 hr slightly lowered the hexokinase activity and doubled glucose-6-phosphatase activity; it did not change subcellular distribution of the enzymes. Oral glucose rapidly restored the activities to fed values. 4. It was concluded that glucose uptake into, and efflux from, chicken hepatocytes, was regulated by the activity and kinetic characteristics of glucose-6-phosphatase and by the glucose-6-phosphate concentration, and that the hexokinases had little regulatory function.
 ...
PMID:Glucose phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in chicken liver. 23 87

Evidence is presented that the antitumor agent helenalin, a sesquiterpene lactone, suppresses anaerobic glycolytic enzymes of tumor cells at a number of sites and not exclusively at glycogen synthetase and phosphofructokinase, previously proposed sites for inhibition by alpha-methylene-gamma-lactones. Of the enzymes tested, the sulfhydryl-containing enzyme hexokinase was inhibited the maximum, i.e., 83%, by helenalin treatment, whereas phosphofructokinase and glycogen synthetase were suppressed approximately 45%. Another sulfhydryl-bearing enzyme, aldolase, was decreased approximately 43%. Phosphorylase a was inhibited 65%, glucose-6-phosphatase was inhibited 46%, and succinic dehydrogenase was inhibited 59% by helenalin treatment. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation processes were also significantly depressed in the presence of helenalin in vitro with either succinate or alpha-ketoglutarate as substrates. Thus, a number of enzymes of anaerobic and aerobic carbohydrate metabolism of Ehrlich ascites cells appear to be inhibited by helenalin, which supposedly can alkylate functional groups, e.g., sulfhydryl groups of these enzymes, by a rapid Michael-type addition.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor agents XXVII: Effects of helenalin on anaerobic and aerobic metabolism of Ehrlich ascites cells. 64 68

The free and unprecipitated activity of succindehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase, as well as of that of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase in the rats liver was determined. The animals received for a long time (1--3 and 6 months) a new organophosphorus pesticide valexon (0.0-diethyl thiophosphoryl-oxyiminophenylnitryle acetate) by mouth in doses of 31 mg/kg and 3.1 mg/kg which corresponds to 1/20 and 1/200 LD50. The earliest changes (after 1 month) include: falling activity of hexokinase and a rise in that of glucose-6-phosphatase and succindehydrogenase, pointing to the damage of microsomes and mitochondria supervenes in 1 and 6 months time after introduction, respectively. The role of an early injury of microsomes and of disturbed first stages of glucose metabolism in the mechanism of the valexon action is suggested.
 ...
PMID:[Activity of the indicator enzymes of liver subcellular structures with the prolonged administration of Valexon]. 71 33


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>