Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.9 (glucose-6-phosphatase)
 3,081 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Activities of key carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes were determined on biopsied liver tissues obtained from patients with acute and chronic viral hepatitis and postnecrotic cirrhosis of the liver. The results indicated that the activities of fetal or prototype enzymes, low-Km hexokinases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase type M2 increased, while those of adult type liver enzymes, glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase and pyruvate kinase type L decreased in livers of these cases. Phosphofructokinase activity tended to increase only acute hepatitis. Principal component analysis revealed that the enzyme patterns of acute hepatitis and liver cirrhosis were most deviated from the control and closely resembled those of hepatocellular carcinomas.
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PMID:Undifferentiated patterns of key carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes in injured livers. II. Human viral hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver. 17 5

The usual histologic pattern in acute viral hepatitis (AVH) includes cellular abnormalities predominantly in the perivenular (zone 3) hepatocytes and changes interpreted as representing regenerative activity in the periportal (zone 1) hepatocytes. Enzyme histochemical and ultrastructural studies of livers of 12 patients with AVH were undertaken to see whether these features support the concept of regeneration of hepatocytes in zone 1. The swollen hepatocytes in the perivenular areas were hydropic, with dilated or eccentric rough endoplasmic reticulum and decreased or vesicular smooth endoplasmic reticulum; correspondingly, the glucose-6-phosphatase activity (reflecting, when present, intact and functional endoplasmic reticulum) was markedly decreased. Succinic dehydrogenase and diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase activities, representing mitochondrial enzymes, were limited to the perinuclear or pericanalicular cytoplasm of swollen hepatocytes. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase activity was increased. The periportal hydropic hepatocytes were small and arranged in clusters displacing sinusoids. Ultrastructurally, these hepatocytes had nearly normal organelles but scanty smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Activities of the enzymes glucose-6-phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase, and diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase were weak, although glycogen was abundant. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase activity was scanty in these hepatocytes. These findings from enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic studies could be interpreted as evidence of functional deterioration of perivenular swollen hepatocytes and relative functional immaturity of periportal hydropic clustered hepatocytes, suggesting regeneration of zone 1 hepatocytes.
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PMID:Acute viral hepatitis: morphologic and functional correlations in human livers. 669 43

Repopulation of the cirrhotic liver with disease-resistant hepatocytes could offer novel therapies, as well as systems for biological studies. Establishing whether transplanted hepatocytes can engraft, survive, and proliferate in the cirrhotic liver is a critical demonstration. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV-deficient F344 rats were used to localize transplanted hepatocytes isolated from the liver of syngeneic normal F344 rats. Cirrhosis was induced by administration of carbon tetrachloride with phenobarbitone and these drugs were withdrawn prior to cell transplantation. Cirrhotic rats showed characteristic hepatic histology, as well as significant portosystemic shunting. When hepatocytes were transplanted via the spleen, cells were distributed immediately in periportal areas, fibrous septa, and regenerative nodules of the cirrhotic liver. Although some transplanted cells translocated into pulmonary capillaries, this was not deleterious. At 1 week, transplanted cells were fully integrated in the liver parenchyma, along with expression of glucose-6-phosphatase and glycogen as reporters of hepatic function. Transplanted cells proliferated in the liver of cirrhotic animals and survived indefinitely. At 1 year, transplanted hepatocytes formed large clusters containing several-fold more cells than normal control animals, which was in agreement with increased cell turnover in the cirrhotic rat liver. The findings indicate that the cirrhotic liver can be repopulated with functionally intact hepatocytes that are capable of proliferating. Liver repopulation using disease-resistant hepatocytes will be applicable in chronic conditions, such as viral hepatitis or Wilson's disease.
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PMID:Transplanted hepatocytes engraft, survive, and proliferate in the liver of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis. 1076 23