Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.5 (5'-nucleotidase)
 3,167 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A summary is presented of those organ specific enzyme assays traditionally used in evaluation of the patient with cancer. In addition, the use of certain serum enzymes such as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, phosphohexose isomerase or 5'-nucleotidase as aids in following the course of the disease, particularly in patients with metastatic spread to the liver is outlined. Also considered is the utility of enzyme analysis in biopsy tissue, biologic fluids, and washings of body cavities. Newer enzymes are considered which might, in the future, be developed as diagnostic tools or as probes for the understanding of the etiology of cancer.
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PMID:Laboratory aids to diagnosis--enzymes. 0 80

Water-suppressed proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of plasma had been proposed as a technique for detecting malignant tumors although its general diagnostic value is widely contested. To assess its diagnostic value in screening for breast cancer, we collected and analyzed 108 plasma samples from healthy women and women with breast disorders, mainly adenocarcinomas. No significant differences were found between controls and patients when average methylene-methyl linewidths were compared. Significant differences, however, were observed when methylene linewidths were compared. Unfortunately, the marked overlapping of both groups greatly reduced the possible diagnostic value of the technique. Among the various biochemical parameters analyzed for each plasma sample--triglyceride, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentration, altered levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, phosphohexose isomerase, 5'-nucleotidase and phosphatase alkaline in patient samples, and estrogen and progesterone receptors of tumors--only triglyceride concentrations presented a clear inverse linear correlation with methylene linewidths.
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PMID:Study of the ability of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human plasma to differentiate between controls and breast cancer patients. 838 28

1. The dissimilation of a number of externally added hexose phosphates and 5'-nucleotides by the perfused rat heart is described, and non-specific esterase and 5'-nucleotidase activity associated with the superficial cell membrane or vascular system has been demonstrated. 2. The rate of production of (14)CO(2) from [U-(14)C]glucose 6-phosphate suggests that oxidation occurred after hydrolysis to glucose. The incorporation of isotope from [U-(14)C]glucose 6-phosphate into glycogen was small, and similar to that obtained with [U-(14)C]glucose as substrate. 3. Glucose 6-phosphate was also partially isomerized to fructose 6-phosphate. Similarly, fructose 6-phosphate was converted mainly into glucose 6-phosphate, but also into glucose and inorganic phosphate. When fructose 1,6-diphosphate was added to the perfusate, a mixture of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and triose phosphates accumulated in the medium approximately in the equilibrium proportions of the phosphohexose-isomerase and triose phosphate-isomerase reactions, together with inorganic phosphate and some glucose. Glucose 1-phosphate was hydrolysed to glucose, but was not converted into glucose 6-phosphate. Leakage of enzymes out into the perfusion fluid did not occur. 4. This demonstration that phosphohexose isomerase, triose phosphate isomerase and aldolase may react with extracellular substrates at an appreciable rate suggests that these enzymes are attached to the cell membrane.
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PMID:EVIDENCE FOR EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT HEART. 1433 61