Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.5 (5'-nucleotidase)
 3,167 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Highly sensitive technique are described for the assay of plasma membrane (5'-nucleotidase, alkaline phosphatase), microsomal (neutral alpha-glucosidase, leucyl-2-naphthylamidase) and biliary canalicular (gamma-glutamyltransferase) enzymes and for nine acid hydrolases (acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase) in human liver. 2. Optimum and specific assay systems have been developed which give linear kinetics for all enzymes. 3. The range of enzyme activities in samples of human liver, obtained by closed needle biopsy, and sera have been determined.
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PMID:Enzyme activities in human liver biopsies: assay methods and activities of some lysosomal and membrane-bound enzymes in control tissue and serum. 1 4

Portions of closed jejunal biopsies from the dog were homogenised and their organelles separated by isopycnic centrifugation on continuous sucrose density gradients. The distributions of marker enzymes for the principal organelles were determined using highly sensitive assay procedures. The following organelles, with assayed marker enzymes and modal densities between brackets were characterised: peroxisomes (catalase, 1.21); brush borders (zinc-resistant alpha-glucosidase, leucyl-beta-naphthyl-amidase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, 1.20); lysosomes (N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, 1.19); mitochondria (malate dehydrogenase, 1.18); endoplasmic reticulum (Tris-resistant alpha-glucosidase, 1.16); basal-lateral membranes (5'-nucleotidase, 1.11) and cytosol (lactate dehydrogenase). Homogenisation in isotonic sucrose containing digitonin (0.12 mmol/litre) selectively disrupted lysosomes and increased the equilibrium density of brush border and basal-lateral membranes. This procedure will be used to study the subcellular pathology of naturally occurring intestinal disease in the dog.
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PMID:Subcellular fractionation studies on peroral jejunal biopsies from the dog. 3 Jan 25

1. The distributions of several enzymes and other marker components were examined after zonal centrifugations of whole homogenates from glucose-repressed Saccharomyces cerevisiae on sucrose and iso-osmotic Ficoll, and the composition and morphology of the fractions were investigated. 2. After high-speed zonal centrifugation most of the protein, acid and alkaline phosphatases, alkaline pyrophosphatase, adenosine monophosphatase, beta-fructofuranosidase, alpha-mannosidase, NADPH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase and an appreciable amount of phospholipid and sterol were non-sedimentable, i.e. were at densities below 1.09 (g/cm3). Most of the RNA was at p=1.06-1.08 in Ficoll and at p=1.09-1.11 in sucrose. 3. The bulk of the Mg2+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Mg-ATPase) was coincident with the main peak of phospholipid and sterol, at median density 1.10, which was also rich in smooth-membrane vesicles. In Ficoll, a minor peak of phospholipid and sterol at p-1.12-1.15 contained a smaller part of the oligomycin-insensitive Mg-ATPase and heavy membrane fragments. In sucrose, several minor peaks of Mg-ATPase were in the mitochondrial density range, and a peak of oligomycin-insensitive Mg-ATPase coincident with a minor peak of phospholipid and sterol at around p-1.25 contained heavy membrane fragments of high carbohydrate content, especially mannose. 4. Further purification of the oligomycin-insensitive Mg-ATPase containing membrane preparations was performed on Urografin gradients. 5. It is argued that the oligomycin-insensitive Mg-ATPase containing membranes are fragments of the plasma membrane, but have different densities because they contain different amounts of glycoprotein particles.
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PMID:Distribution of membranes, especially of plasma-membrane fragments, during zonal centrifugations of homogenates from glucose-repressed Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. 13 74

In order to have an insight into the role of host lysosomal enzymes in the intracellular survival of Leishmania parasites, the activities of beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase were studied in peritoneal macrophages of hamsters infected with L. donovani. There was a significant decrease of all three lysosomal enzymes after infection. Heat-killed or formalin-treated parasites failed to inhibit the enzymes, instead a slight stimulation was observed. Purified excreted factor from promastigotes had no effect on the enzymes except beta-galactosidase which was inhibited up to 20%. Inhibition of enzymes was not due to increased secretion after infection. The absence of induction of any endogenous macrophage inhibitor was confirmed by mixed experiments. The levels of 5'-nucleotidase and lactate dehydrogenase remained unchanged after infection. Thus, the inhibition of lysosomal enzymes appears to be the effect of infection process and reflects to actua decrease rather than increased secretion or the action of any inhibitors present in Leishmania promastigotes.
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PMID:Suppression of macrophage lysosomal enzymes after Leishmania donovani infection. 271 50

Smooth muscle cells were dissociated from normal rabbit aorta by incubating the tissue in Hanks' solution containing elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase. The isolated cells contained significant amounts of the following acid hydrolases: N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, N-acetyl-beta-galactosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, and cathepsins C and D. The cells were disrupted and fractionated by isopycnic centrifugation on sucrose density gradients in the Beaufay automatic zonal rotor. Lysosomes with a modal density of 1.16 were identified by the distribution of these acid hydrolases and by the latency of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and beta-galactosidase. Other particulate enzymes studied in these sucrose gradients included cytochrome oxidase and monoamine oxidase (mitochondria), 5'-nucleotidase and leucyl-beta-naphthylamidase (plasma membrane), and catalase (? peroxisome). This microanalytical subcellular fractionation technique is applicable to the study of milligram quantities of many other tissues, both normal and pathological.
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PMID:Lysosomes of the arterial wall. I. Isolation and subcellular fractionation of cells from normal rabbit aorta. 434 42

In the present report the characteristics of nonepithelial phagocytic cells of the murine thymic reticulum are described. Primary cultures were established from thymic fragments. Nonadherent cells with hairy membranes proliferated on the surface of established primary monolayers. These cells were recovered and replated in secondary cultures were they appeared as large adherent cells with dendritic shape. At the electron microscopic level, phagocytic cells of the thymic reticulum in culture (P-TR-C) appear as clear vacuolated cells with an indented nucleus and few lysosomes; this morphological aspect makes them different from the common macrophage, despite their phagocytic capacity. P-TR-C are positive for nonspecific esterase, acid phosphatase which is found in the few lysosomes present, 5'-nucleotidase and alpha-D-mannosidase, but negative for peroxidase. A high proportion of alpha-mannosidase-positive cells is inconsistent with the common macrophage, but in common with other cells with dendritic shape such as Langerhans cells. They are Thy-1-, Ig- and nearly half of them are IA+. P-TR-C can be defined as the stimulator cells for syngeneic stimulation; they are able to induce the proliferation of lymphocytes enriched in mature syngeneic medullary thymocytes, but not in immature cortical ones. Characteristics of P-TR-C make them very similar to the interdigitating cells described in the peripheral lymphoid organs and in the thymus in situ.
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PMID:Thymic reticulum in mice. II. Culture and characterization of nonepithelial phagocytic cells of the thymic reticulum: their role in the syngeneic stimulation of thymic medullary lymphocytes. 660 Oct 9