Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.5 (5'-nucleotidase)
 3,167 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 undergoes terminal myeloid differentiation in vitro in response to a wide variety of chemicals. The tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate induces these cells to develop macrophage-like morphology, adherence, and enzymatic characteristics. The present study confirms those observations and further documents the induction, by 16 nM phorbol myristate acetate, of 5'-nucleotidase activity, another human macrophage marker enzyme. However, more importantly, functional studies show that phorbol myristate acetate-induced HL-60 cells fail to increase above base line uninduced levels of hexose monophosphate shunt activity, superoxide generation, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, bacterial ingestion, or complement secretion. These cells therefore possess some macrophage-like properties but do not meet several important functional criteria of macrophage identity.
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PMID:Functionally deficient differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells induced by phorbol myristate acetate. 626 Mar 53

Lung surfactant was isolated from human amniotic fluid collected at term and studied with reference to the material isolated from human and rabbit lung lavage. The isolated material showed 58 per cent lipid by dry weight, 29 per cent protein and relatively smaller amounts of nucleic acids, sialic acid and hexose. Phosphatidyl choline was the predominant phospholipid species and accounted for 46 per cent of the total lipid by weight, followed by phosphatidyl glycerol (7%) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (5%). Cholesterol was the major neutral lipid fraction present (10%) and was almost entirely in the free form. Other lipid fractions present in minor quantity were triglycerides, esterified cholesterol, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl inositol and sphingomyelin. The material contained a very high degree of alkaline phosphatase activity, while other enzymes such as acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, ATPases, 5'-nucleotidase and beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase were also present.
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PMID:Isolation & chemical composition of lung surfactant from human amniotic fluid. 800 43

1. The dissimilation of a number of externally added hexose phosphates and 5'-nucleotides by the perfused rat heart is described, and non-specific esterase and 5'-nucleotidase activity associated with the superficial cell membrane or vascular system has been demonstrated. 2. The rate of production of (14)CO(2) from [U-(14)C]glucose 6-phosphate suggests that oxidation occurred after hydrolysis to glucose. The incorporation of isotope from [U-(14)C]glucose 6-phosphate into glycogen was small, and similar to that obtained with [U-(14)C]glucose as substrate. 3. Glucose 6-phosphate was also partially isomerized to fructose 6-phosphate. Similarly, fructose 6-phosphate was converted mainly into glucose 6-phosphate, but also into glucose and inorganic phosphate. When fructose 1,6-diphosphate was added to the perfusate, a mixture of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and triose phosphates accumulated in the medium approximately in the equilibrium proportions of the phosphohexose-isomerase and triose phosphate-isomerase reactions, together with inorganic phosphate and some glucose. Glucose 1-phosphate was hydrolysed to glucose, but was not converted into glucose 6-phosphate. Leakage of enzymes out into the perfusion fluid did not occur. 4. This demonstration that phosphohexose isomerase, triose phosphate isomerase and aldolase may react with extracellular substrates at an appreciable rate suggests that these enzymes are attached to the cell membrane.
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PMID:EVIDENCE FOR EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT HEART. 1433 61

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world and is notoriously difficult to treat effectively. In the present study, male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups of six animals each: group I animals received corn oil orally and served as a control; group II cancer-induced animals received benzo(a)pyrene (50 mg/kg bodyweight dissolved in corn oil, orally) twice weekly for four successive weeks; group III cancer-bearing animals (after 12 weeks of induction) were treated with paclitaxel (33 mg/kg bodyweight, i.p.) once weekly for 4 weeks; group IV cancer-bearing animals were treated with paclitaxel along with Withania somnifera (400 mg/kg bodyweight) orally once weekly for 4 weeks; and group V animals constituted the drug control treated with paclitaxel along with W. somnifera. The serum, lung and liver were investigated biochemically for aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, 5'-nucleotidase, lactate dehydrogenase and protein-bound carbohydrate components (hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid). These enzyme activities were increased significantly in cancer-bearing animals compared with control animals. The elevation of these in cancer-bearing animals was indicative of the persistent deteriorating effect of benzo(a)pyrene in cancer-bearing animals. Our data suggest that paclitaxel, administered with W. somnifera, may extend its chemotherapeutic effect through modulating protein-bound carbohydrate levels and marker enzymes, as they are indicators of cancer. The combination of paclitaxel with W. somnifera could effectively treat the benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer in mice by offering protection from reactive oxygen species damage and also by suppressing cell proliferation.
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PMID:Chemotherapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel in combination with Withania somnifera on benzo(a)pyrene-induced experimental lung cancer. 1682 7

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world and is notoriously difficult to treat effectively. In the present study, male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups of six animals each: group I animals received corn oil orally and served as a control; group II cancer-induced animals received benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) (50 mg kg(-1) bodyweight dissolved in corn oil, orally) twice weekly for four successive weeks; group III cancer-bearing animals (after 12 weeks of induction) were treated with cisplatin (6 mg kg(-1) bodyweight, i.p.) once weekly for 4 weeks; group IV cancer-bearing animals were treated with cisplatin along with Solanum trilobatum (300 mg kg(-1) bodyweight) orally once weekly for 4 weeks; and group V animals constituted the drug control treated with cisplatin along with S. trilobatum. The serum, lung and liver were investigated biochemically for aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, 5'-nucleotidase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and protein-bound carbohydrate components (hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid). These enzyme activities were increased significantly in cancer-bearing animals compared with control animals. The elevation of these in cancer-bearing animals was indicative of the persistent deteriorating effect of B[a]P in cancer-bearing animals. Our data suggest that cisplatin, administered with S. trilobatum, may extend its chemotherapeutic effect through modulating protein-bound carbohydrate levels and marker enzymes, as they are indicators of cancer. The combination of cisplatin with S. trilobatum could effectively treat the B[a]P-induced lung cancer in mice by offering protection from reactive oxygen species damage and also by suppressing cell proliferation.
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PMID:Combination therapeutic effect of cisplatin along with Solanum trilobatum on benzo(a)pyrene induced experimental lung carcinogenesis. 1878 Feb 51

Prostasomes are prostate-derived, exosome-like microvesicles that transmit signaling complexes between the acinar epithelial cells of the prostate and sperm cells. The vast majority of prostasomes have a diameter of 30-200 nm, and they are generally surrounded by a classical membrane bilayer. Using a selected proteomic approach, it became increasingly clear that prostasomes harbor distinct subsets of proteins that may be linked to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolic turnover that in turn might be of importance in the role of prostasomes as auxiliary instruments in the fertilization process. Among the 21 proteins identified, most of the enzymes of anaerobic glycolysis were represented, and three of the glycolytic enzymes present are among the top 10 proteins found in most exosomes, once again linking prostasomes to the exosome family. Other prostasomal enzymes involved in ATP turnover were adenylate kinase, ATPase, 5'-nucleotidase, and hexose transporters. The identified enzymes in their prostasomal context were operational for ATP formation when supplied with substrates. The net ATP production was low due to a high prostasomal ATPase activity that could be partially inhibited by vanadate that was utilized to profile the ATP-forming ability of prostasomes. Glucose and fructose were equivalent as glycolytic substrates for prostasomal ATP formation, and the enzymes involved were apparently surface located on prostasomes, since an alternative substrate not being membrane permeable (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) was operative, too. There is no clear-cut function linked to this subset of prostasomal proteins, but some possible roles are discussed.
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PMID:Human prostasomes express glycolytic enzymes with capacity for ATP production. 2334 97


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