Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.5 (5'-nucleotidase)
 3,167 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our knowledge of prostate cancer is less well-defined than our knowledge of cancers of other organs. In the colon, for example, morphological criteria to identify carcinomas in situ and some putative preneoplastic lesions are clear; phenotypic differences in the expression of enzymes and antigens are documented in experimental models and are starting to be defined in humans. Experimental models of cancer of the liver and colon show evidence that "enzyme-altered foci" are preneoplastic. In these organs, the "normal" context is much clearer than in the prostate. In contrast, in the prostates of men in the same age range as those who develop prostate cancer, morphological aberrations are almost always present, diverse, and poorly understood. Murphy and Gaeta said that, "in the study of prostatic disease..., almost every aspect remains controversial...[and].... many of the 'known facts' concerning prostatic disease are poorly documented..." While being aware that the definitions of all benign and malignant lesions of the prostate are based on complex morphological criteria which must form the contemporary context for comparisons, our laboratory is searching for markers that will permit the identification of putative preneoplastic lesions in the prostate. In our opinion, these changes will not be found most efficiently, if they are present at all, in long established cell lines, advanced carcinomas, or serially transplantable xenografts of primary prostatic carcinomas. Our preliminary data suggest that several enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical approaches are worthy of study. Markers that show promise include acid phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and CD44.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Putative preneoplastic foci in the human prostate. 752 54

Prostate cancer is among the major malignancies that affect men around the world. Adenine nucleotides are important signaling molecules that mediate innumerous biological functions in pathophysiological conditions, including cancer. These molecules are degraded by several ectoenzymes named ectonucleotidases that produce adenosine in the extracellular medium. Some of these ecto-enzymes can be found in soluble in the blood stream. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the hydrolysis of adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP, and AMP) in the plasma blood of patients with prostate cancer. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and questionnaires were filled based on the clinical data of the medical records. The nucleotide hydrolysis was performed by Malachite Green method using ATP, ADP, and AMP as substrates. Plasma from prostate cancer patients presented an elevated hydrolysis of all nucleotides evaluated when compared to healthy individuals. NTPDase inhibitor (ARL67156) and the alkaline phosphatase inhibitor (levamisole) did not alter ATP hydrolysis. However, AMP hydrolysis was reduced by the CD73 inhibitor, APCP, and by levamisole, suggesting the action of a soluble form of CD73 and alkaline phosphatase. On microvesicles, it was observed that there was a low expression and activity of CD39 and almost absent of CD73. The correlation of ATP, ADP, and AMP hydrolysis with clinic pathological data demonstrated that patients who received radiotherapy showed a higher AMP hydrolysis than those who did not, and patients with lower clinical stage (CS-IIA) presented an elevated ATP hydrolysis when compared to those with more advanced clinical stages (CS-IIB and CS-III). Patients of all clinical stages presented an elevated AMPase activity. Therefore, we can suggest that the nucleotide hydrolysis might be attributed to soluble ecto-enzymes present in the plasma, which, in a coordinate manner, produce adenosine in the blood stream, favoring prostate cancer progression.
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PMID:Hydrolysis of ATP, ADP, and AMP is increased in blood plasma of prostate cancer patients. 3064 36