Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.5 (5'-nucleotidase)
 3,167 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mature macrophages (Mph) differentiated in culture from normal human peripheral blood monocytes (Mo) exhibit low activity as accessory cells (antigen-presenting cells) in T lymphocyte stimulation. A test system was established based on mitogenicity to quantitate the accessory activity of Mph-derived cells and to follow its changes for several days. The system used accessory cells treated with the oxidative mitogen, sodium periodate. The cells were subsequently co-cultured with pooled human lymphocytes from a cryopreserved stock. DNA synthesis in these cells was used as an indicator of accessory activity. Mph could be converted within 5-6 days into highly active accessory cells if a continuous stimulus of exogenously added dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db-cAMP) was provided. Mph treated by db-cAMP retained a high degree of HLA-DR expression but typical Mph markers such as non-specific esterase, phagocytosis, and expression of Fc-receptors were down-regulated. Acid phosphatase and myeloperoxidase underwent only slight changes, while the monocyte marker 5'-nucleotidase remained undetectable. Morphologically, the cells rounded up and developed veils and dendritiform elongations. In contrast to dendritic cells, Mph-derived accessory cells retained the CD14 antigen characteristic of monocytes and Mph. It is concluded that Mph are able to respond to exogenous stimuli and to convert into a highly active accessory cell. This contrasts to the well-known state of the 'activated Mph' with respect to markers and function. Both states appear to be antagonistically controlled by intracellular second messengers, as the accessory cell phenotype is positively correlated with intracellular cyclic AMP increase, whereas Mph activation correlates with cyclic GMP increase.
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PMID:Accessory phenotype and function of macrophages induced by cyclic adenosine monophosphate. 196 93

Plasma membrane-bound 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and soluble deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT) were studied in peripheral blood cells (PBMN) of 35 individuals, 26 male and 9 female, with circulating anti-HIV antibodies. Twenty-six were drug abusers, 2 were drug abusers and homosexuals and 4 were homosexuals. Three did not fall into any risk group. The surface immunologic phenotype of cells stained with the fluorescent monoclonal antibodies Leu 5, Leu 3, Leu 2, Leu 12, Leu M3, Leu M1, anti-CALLA and anti-HLA-DR was delineated by flow cytometry. While the gamma-GT activity did not change, the lymphocyte 5'-NT activity was significantly less than normal in anti-HIV positive individuals and in anti-HIV negative drug abusers. TdT activity was detectable in 14 anti-HIV positive patients (40%), who did not have clinical AIDS. Of 8 patients with AIDS, 3 had a low level of TdT activity but 5 had cells completely devoid of TdT and 5'-NT activity. 5'-nucleotidase activity and the frequency of Leu 2 suppressor antigen bearing cells were the only independent variables that correlated with AIDS incidence.
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PMID:Enzymatic imbalance in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from individuals with anti-HIV antibodies. 257 Jun 50

Previous studies utilizing enzyme histochemistry, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry have failed to establish the cell of origin in Kaposi's sarcoma. The authors have rigorously tested the prevailing hypothesis that the lesion defined as Kaposi's sarcoma is derived from vascular endothelial cells. They use seven markers to characterize endothelial cells: three antigens (Factor VIII-related antigen, HLA-DR/Ia, macrophage/endothelial antigens), three enzymes (5'-nucleotidase, ATPase, alkaline phosphatase), and lectin binding (Ulex europaeus I). They applied the markers first to normal skin and lymph node, and then to biopsy specimens from 40 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma. Normal blood vessel endothelium was positive for all seven markers, but normal lymphatic endothelium was negative for all of the markers except 5'-nucleotidase and Ulex europaeus lectin. The neoplastic cells in 40 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma closely resembled those of normal lymphatic endothelium but not those of blood vessel endothelium. This suggests that Kaposi's sarcoma may originate in lymphatic endothelium.
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PMID:Evidence for the origin of Kaposi's sarcoma from lymphatic endothelium. 298 60

Circulating monocytes in 30 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS, scleroderma) and 28 age and sex matched normal controls were studied. Binding of the lectin peanut agglutinin (PA) was significantly reduced in PSS monocytes (p less than 0.001) together with a reduction in the density of nonspecific esterase staining (p less than 0.001) suggesting advanced maturation. Using monoclonal antibodies to identify cell surface markers, we demonstrated a significant reduction in PSS monocytes bearing the Leu M2 antigen (Mac 120, antigen presenting cells) over controls (p less than 0.05), but were unable to show any differences in the monocyte subpopulations using antisera against Leu M3 and HLA-DR surface antigens. The ectoenzymes 5'-nucleotidase (5'N) and alkaline phosphodiesterase 1 (APD1) were lower and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) levels were higher in patients with PSS, compatible with immune activation. Interferon-gamma levels in serum did not appear to account for these changes, whereas the levels of Clq binding complexes correlated inversely with the levels of LAP (p less than 0.05). There was a strong correlation between the number of Leu M3 positive cells and the level of the ectoenzyme LAP (p less than 0.001). With increasing disease duration, higher levels of Clq binding complexes were detected (p less than 0.05). These results indicate that monocytes in PSS differ from those in normals and appear to have undergone advanced differentiation and activation changes.
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PMID:Changes in circulating monocytes in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. 350 71

The existence of HLA-DR/Ia-like antigen (Ia)-bearing cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system, macrophages (Mac), and/or interdigitating cells (IDC), in the normal kidney is controversial. If present, such cells may be important in renal transplant rejection. We performed enzyme histochemistry using alpha-naphthyl acetate/butyrate esterases (alpha NAE, alpha NBE), 5'-nucleotidase (5'N), acid phosphatase (AcP), alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), and ATPase (ATP) as well as immunoperoxidase staining for Ia and lectin binding (Ulex europaeus I; UEA) on plastic-embedded tissue sections of normal kidneys and rejected renal allografts. Plastic embedding provides clear visualization of histologic detail and allows specific identification of immunoperoxidase-stained cells. Mac and IDC (shown to be Ia+, alpha NAE+, AcP+, ATP+ in other sites) could not be demonstrated in normal renal interstitium. IDC and Mac were not generally identified in normal mesangium, although they could not be altogether distinguished from Ia+ endothelial cells. Focal mesangial staining for alpha NAE but not alpha NBE was present. Rejected kidneys showed increased numbers of alpha NAE+ cells in glomeruli. These cells were frequently Ia negative and often appeared to be blood monocytes present in capillary lumens. Peritubular capillaries and glomerular endothelium stained strongly for UEA, 5'N, and Ia. Our results suggest that previous reports of the presence of IDC in renal tissue on the basis of staining for Ia on frozen tissue may be due to staining of compressed or obliquely sectioned vascular structures that were not adequately visualized.
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PMID:Monocyte/macrophage derived cells in normal and transplanted human kidneys. 389 Nov 75