Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.5 (5'-nucleotidase)
 3,167 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lumenal plasma membrane has been isolated from transitional epithelial cells (urothelium) lining the urinary bladder in sheep by a modified technique involving treatment with hypotonic thioglycolate. The isolated membranes, like those in situ, are distinguished morphologically by arrays of hexagonal particles (in plague regions) separated by smooth interplaque regions. These plaque regions, specifically, can be isolated from the lumenal plasma membrane. Of the proteins constituting the lumenal plasma membrane, five were found to characterize the plaque regions and, in particular, the 33,000-dalton species appears to be most heavily concentrated in the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel pattern of the isolated plaque regions. Lipid analyses showed that there are approximately 0.93 mg of phospholipid and 0.27 mg of cholesterol for each milligram of protein, giving a value of 55% lipids and 45% proteins for the composition of the lumenal plasma membrane. The total sialic acid content was measured to be approximately 0.038 micronmol/mg protein for the plasma membrane. Several plasma membrane marker enzymes were found to be associated with the lumenal plasma membrane fraction, but only the 5'-nucleotidase activity was found to be further enriched in the plaque region fraction. Amino acid analysis of the intrinsic proteins of the plaques indicated a polarity index of 45%.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of the urothelial lumenal plasma membrane. 19 35

New 5'-nucleotidase inhibitors named NF-86I, NF-86II were recently isolated from the seeds of Areca catechu L. NF-86I and NF86II showed inhibitory effects on the growth of Streptococcus mutans MT8148(c) and Streptococcus mutans MT6715(g), respectively. In addition, these inhibitors could inhibit insoluble glucan formation from sucrose. NF-86I and NF-86II were found to be polyphenolic substances. Some polyphenols such as tannic acid bind non-specifically to proteins (tannic activity). The 5'-nucleotidase inhibitors that we isolated did not show any such activity. However, the growth inhibitory activity and the inhibitory effect on water-insoluble glucan production were equal to tannic acid. It is therefore considered that these inhibitors bind specifically to the bacterial cell surface. Our findings suggest that the 5'-nucleotidase inhibitors NF-86I and NF-86II may be useful anti-plaque preventing agents.
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PMID:The growth inhibition of Streptococcus mutans by 5'-nucleotidase inhibitors from Areca catechu L. 191 9

Alveolar macrophages (AM) are highly suppressive of the in vitro plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of spleen cells obtained from mice primed with sheep erythrocytes. Comparison of macrophage populations obtained from disparate anatomical sites revealed that although in both cases there was a cell-concentration-dependent suppression of the PFC response, resident AM or AM activated as a result of intravenous injection of Mycobacterium bovis BCG were equally suppressive at the doses examined. Although there was a similar dose-dependent suppression with peritoneal macrophages, BCG-activated cells were more suppressive of the PFC response than were resident cells. In contrast, splenic macrophages at comparable concentrations were not at all suppressive. Resident AM exhibited significantly lower levels of 5'-nucleotidase activity than did resident peritoneal macrophages. Macrophage-mediated suppression of the in vitro PFC response could not be attributed to the release of toxic oxygen metabolites (H2O2, O2- ,and .OH) or prostaglandins, since the addition of catalase, superoxide dismutase, 2-mercaptoethanol, or indomethacin did not completely reverse suppression. These results suggest that the lung microenvironment may maintain AM in an activated state which contributes to their potential immunoregulatory functions.
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PMID:Role of activation in alveolar macrophage-mediated suppression of the plaque-forming cell response. 283 Jan 91

A mouse spleen cell/plasmacytoma fusion designed to generate hybridomas making monoclonal antibodies to human lymphocyte 5'-nucleotidase yielded three hybridomas secreting material which inhibited about 50% of human and mouse lymphocyte ecto 5'-nucleotidase activity. The inhibition proved not to be due to antibody but to material of molecular weight 44,000 +/- 7,000 which was not part of an immunoglobulin molecule, although it may be related to a B cell Fc gamma receptor. In a haemolytic plaque assay this material inhibited the production of IgG but not IgM antibody by spleen cells of mice immunized with dinitrophenylated keyhole limpit haemocyanin. By contrast, IgG production by pokeweed mitogen-stimulated human tonsillar lymphocytes (assessed by reverse haemolytic plaque assay) was partially inhibited only by ascitic fluid of one of the hybridomas. The factor was called BAN (B cell anti 5'-nucleotidase). The suppressive action of BAN on IgG production was blocked by antibodies against 5'-nucleotidase suggesting that the lymphocyte enzyme may be acting as a BAN receptor.
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PMID:A B-cell hybridoma product inhibiting antibody secretion via 5'-nucleotidase. 300 87

The kinetics of induction of the bronchoalveolar cell population (i.e., alveolar macrophages [AM], lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes) was studied in mice inoculated intravenously with heat-killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Injection of BCG at 100 and 500 micrograms but not at 10 micrograms per mouse resulted in an increase in the total number of bronchoalveolar cells (threefold) and in the number of AM (sixfold) recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage in a time-dependent manner, as compared with control mice. A significant increase in the number of lymphocytes was also observed between days 2 and 4 after injection, but this number returned to normal levels by day 8, whereas the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was not significantly altered. AM were characteristically phagocytic and stained positively for nonspecific esterase. AM recruited in response to BCG injection were activated, as indicated by elevated levels of acid phosphatase activity and decreased levels of membrane 5'-nucleotidase activity. However, both resident and BCG-induced AM suppressed the in vitro plaque-forming cell response of sheep erythrocyte-primed mice to the same extent. These results indicate that injection of heat-killed BCG induced increased numbers of activated AM, which appeared to be functionally similar to resident AM in their ability to phagocytize and modulate in vitro immune responses.
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PMID:Enhanced recovery of murine alveolar macrophages: morphological and functional characteristics following intravenous injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG. 351 Sep 78

A light microscopy study on the localization of enzyme activity within atherosclerotic human intracranial arteries was performed on autopsy material obtained within 4 hours of death. The data suggests that the atherosclerotic process first goes through a proliferative phase and then a degenerative phase culminating in the formation of a plaque. In the proliferative phase, smooth muscle cell proliferation has formed a thickened intima. Tetrazolium reductase, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and adenosine monophosphatase (AMPase) activities are present in these cells, while all dehydrogenases and acid phosphatase activities were weak or not present. As the degenerative phase commences, an area of necrosis, lipid and macrophage accumulation is formed on the lumen side of the elastica. This area increases in size until a plaque is formed. Unsaturated polar and nonpolar lipid, cholesterol, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and AMPase activities are associated with these areas and in foam cells, which are often found in the thickened intima of the proliferative phase. Tetrazolium reductase and ATPase activities decrease in the thickened intima as the area of necrosis increases in size, while dehydrogenase activity, except that for alpha-glycerophosphate, remains low or not present. Patterns of enzyme alterations for various stages of the disease process in intracranial arteries, the aorta and coronary arteries suggest a similar, if not identical, progression of the atherosclerotic process, irrespective of known differences in the prevalence of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:A histoenzymatic study of human intracranial atherosclerosis. 426 Jul 21

After gingival health had been achieved in four subjects they were instructed to cease all oral hygiene measures. At 0, 8 and 21 days Plaque and Gingival Indices were recorded and gingival biopsies were removed from the buccal aspect of a first molar. Frozen sections of the gingival oral epithelium were stained for ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase to determine the number of Langerhans cells in a defined cross-sectional area. It was found that, as plaque accumulated, there was a statistically significant increase in the number of Langerhans cells in oral epithelium, particularly in the stratum spinosum. These results indicate that dental plaque can elicit a response in Langerhans cells located in the oral epithelium of the gingiva.
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PMID:Association between plaque accumulation and Langerhans cell numbers in the oral epithelium of attached gingiva. 696 77