Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.16 (calcineurin)
 17,112 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the past three decades, allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has developed from being an experimental therapy in patients with endstage leukemia into a well-established therapy in patients with a range of disorders of the immunohematopoietic system. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), acute or chronic, attacking host tissue is a major threat. However, donor immunocompetent T cells have a potent graft-versus-leukemia effect. A combination of calcineurin inhibitors and methotrexate is the standard therapy to prevent GVHD. Modulation of the immunosuppressive regimen may induce mild acute and mild chronic GVHD, reduce the risk of relapse, and improve long-term survival. Natural killer cells also play a role in this context. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor incompatibility between recipient and donor may reduce the risk of relapse in patients with myeloid leukemia. Relapse of leukemia is a major cause of death after ASCT. Minimal residual disease and recipient leukemia lineage-specific chimerism are sensitive techniques for early detection of leukemic relapse. Donor lymphocyte infusions can enhance the antitumor effect, especially for patients with molecular relapse. The allogeneic graft-versus-cancer effect has been demonstrated in patients with metastatic breast, renal, colorectal, ovarian, prostatic, and pancreatic carcinoma. Mesenchymal stem cells have immunomodulatory properties and may be used for immunomodulation of GVHD and tissue repair. All things considered, the future looks promising for ASCT.
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PMID:Immunotherapy by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. 1741 40

Conventional therapy for atopic dermatitis has evolved along with better understanding of underlying impaired barrier function, role of microorganisms, and immune abnormalities. Emollients, along with antimicrobial and topical anti-inflammatory therapies, remain the cornerstone of conventional therapy. Recent therapeutic advances include use of nonsteroidal therapy for epidermal barrier repair, along with proactive therapy with topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. Minimal anti-inflammatory treatment of the underlying residual disease is the immunobiologic rationale for proactive therapy. Further progress in understanding this increasingly common disease will hopefully lead to more targeted therapies.
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PMID:Evolution of conventional therapy in atopic dermatitis. 2067 Aug 18