Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.16 (calcineurin)
 17,112 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It remains elusive what factors affect posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Eleven PRES children, all with acute glomerulonephritis, Alport syndrome, and lupus nephritis, 5 with nephrosis, and 3 renal transplant recipients, were studied. PRES recurred in 1 patient. Neurological symptoms were graded as 1: mild (headache, nausea/vomiting, or tremor), 2: moderate (vision change), and 3: severe (mental dysfunction, cerebellar symptoms, seizures, recurrence of seizures, and coma). Magnetic resonance imaging was graded as 1: subtle change, 2: abnormal large areas, and 3: complete involvement of the regions. The common symptoms were seizures (100%), headache (82%), nausea/vomiting (73%), coma (55%), and vision change (46%). Seizures recurred in 7 (64%). All but one (91%) developed hypertension and 7 (64%) received calcineurin inhibitors (CNI). Edema occurred in 7 (64%) and renal insufficiency/end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 4 (36%). Seizures recurred frequently in younger patients. Symptoms were severe in girls. Duration or severity of the condition with predisposing factors (hypertension, CNI, nephrosis or renal insufficiency/ERSD) did not make a difference in the symptoms and neuroimaging. Two patients developed chronic epilepsy. Age and gender may affect PRES symptoms. Our results are limited by small sample size and should be determined using larger numbers of patients.
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PMID:Age and gender may affect posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in renal disease. 2182 8

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological syndrome, composed of symptoms such as headache, seizures, visual disturbances, lethargy, confusion, stupor, focal neurologic findings and radiological findings of bilateral gray and white matter abnormalities suggestive of edema in the posterior regions of the cerebral hemispheres. PRES is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if it is not expeditiously recognized. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) represents the most sensitive imaging technique for recognizing PRES. PRES has been seen in various clinical settings including renal disorders such as acute glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and drug usage such as calcineurin inhibitors. We aimed to present two study cases for such clinical setting. In this report, we present two patients with PRES in whom the primary diagnosis was hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP). Both of them were treated with anticonvulsant and proper antihypertensive drugs. A repeated MRI scan of the head, an ophthalmologic assessment, and a follow-up electroencephalogram produced normal results with no sequelae. Early recognition of PRES as a complication during different diseases and therapies in childhood may facilitate the appropriate treatment, so that intensive treatment should be performed as soon as possible to avoid neurological sequelae.
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PMID:Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Henoch-Schonlein Purpura and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. 2729 64