Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.16 (calcineurin)
 17,112 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two pathways have been implicated in the regulation of maize ferritin synthesis in response to iron. One of them involves the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and controls the expression of ZmFer2 gene(s). Another pathway, ABA-independent, has been characterized in a de-rooted maize plantlet system and involves an oxidative step. The ZmFer1 maize ferritin gene is not regulated by ABA, and it is shown in this paper that the corresponding mRNA accumulates in de-rooted maize plantlets and BMS (Black Mexican Sweet) maize cell suspension cultures in response to iron via the oxidative pathway described previously. To investigate ZmFer1 gene regulation further, the BMS cell system has been used to develop a transient expression assay using a ZmFer1-beta-glucuronidase fusion. Both iron induction and antioxidant inhibition of ZmFer1 gene expression were observed in this system. Using Northern blot analysis and transient expression experiments, it was shown that both okadaic acid and calyculin A, two serine/ threonine phosphatase inhibitors, specifically inhibit ZmFer1 gene expression. These data indicate that an okadaic acid-sensitive protein phosphatase activity is involved in the regulation of the ZmFer1 ferritin gene in maize cells, and this activity is required for iron-induced expression of this gene.
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PMID:Inhibition of the iron-induced ZmFer1 maize ferritin gene expression by antioxidants and serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors. 940 24

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruits are classified into dark-red and bicolored cultivars based on their anthocyanin contents; however, the mechanisms regulating the accumulation of these pigments are unclear. Here, we reveal that anthocyanin accumulation is highly dependent on light in bicolored 'Rainier' cherries, while it is only slightly light dependent in the dark-red 'Hongdeng' fruits. To reveal the transcriptional mechanisms regulating light-dependent anthocyanin accumulation in bicolored 'Rainier' cherries, we sequenced the transcriptomes of fruits grown in light or in darkness. Genes encoding the anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, and flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase were significantly upregulated by light in the bicolored fruits. Most of the differentially expressed regulatory genes were known to be involved in the light or hormone signal transduction pathways, such as those encoding protein phosphatase 2Cs, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3, phytochromes, and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5. The expression levels of 32 highly expressed transcription factors were found to be significantly altered by light in the bicolored fruits, including members of the basic leucine zipper, R2R3-MYB, and WRKY transcription factor families. A co-expression network analysis further revealed that many of the light-regulated genes were co-expressed with genes involved in the abscisic acid and gibberellic acid signaling pathways, suggesting that these phytohormones play important roles in light-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis. Together, our data reveal multiple roles for light in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in differently colored cherries.
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PMID:Transcriptomic analysis of light-dependent anthocyanin accumulation in bicolored cherry fruits. 3013 Dec 7