Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Using acrylamide gel electrophoresis the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzyme patterns of 204 patients with chronic renal failure have been examined for periods up to 18 months in length. 2. Of those with elevated serum ALP activity the bone isoenzyme was largely responsible. The presence of increasing amounts of the bone isoenzyme even if the total serum ALP activity remains within the normal reference range should also indicate bone pathology. 3. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase was the major serum alkaline phosphatase in 15% of patients on regular haemodialysis and 10% of uraemic patients not on dialysis. The overall incidence of detectable intestinal alkaline phosphatase in those with normal serum ALP activity was 36%. 4. With those patients whose serum ALP activity changed significantly during the investigation this usually reflected changes in the amount of the bone isoenzyme. Patients with abnormal amounts of the intestinal isoenzymes in their serum usually showed little variation in serum ALP activity over the period of the study.
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PMID:Serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme patterns in patients with chronic renal failure. 91 6

Synthetic 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-OH-D3) was given intravenously in a dose of 2.5-10 mug per day to three patients with chronic renal failure. As little as 10 mug of 1alpha-OH-D3 daily for a week improved intestinal calcium absorption to a normal level, raised serum calcium, and reduced serum alkaline phosphatase. Severe rickets which had not responded to large amounts (greater than 200 mg in total) of vitamin D2 was markedly cured with 2.5 mug of 1alpha-OH-D3 given daily for 3 weeks. These clinical data hold promise that is certainly useful in the improvement of intestinal malabsorption of calcium and bone diseases in renal failure.
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PMID:Curative effects of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol on calcium metabolism and bone disease in patients with chronic renal failure. 121 80

Four patients with advanced chronic renal failure and osteodystrophy were treated with 1-alphahydroxycholecalciferol, a synthetic vitamin D analogue, in a daily oral dose of 1.5 to 2.0 mug, for periods up to 1 year. They showed increased calcium absorption, positive calcium and phosphorus balances, moderate increases in serum calcium levels, marked reductions in serum alkaline phosphatase levels, a decrease in serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels, and radiologic and histologic improvement in bone disease. One patient with proximal myopathy showed improvement in muscular strength. 1-Alphahydroxycholecalciferol appears to be effective therapy for renal osteodystrophy.
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PMID:1-alphahydroxycholecalciferol in chronic renal failure. Studies of the effect or oral doses. 125 63

31 adult patients (15 male and 16 female) with chronic renal failure were treated for 6 months with 1-alfa-hydroxycholecalciferol on a dose 0.25-2.0 micrograms/24 h. 15 patients with not very advanced renal failure (serum creatinine level 176.8-442 mumol/l) received conservative therapy (group I), 16 patients with serum creatinine value 884-1326 mumol/l were treated by intermittent hemodialysis (group II). The statistically significant decrease of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in group I and II (p < 0.01), the rise of serum calcium level in group I (p < 0.005) were determined. Half of the patients from both the groups stated the relief or disappearance of bone and joint pains and muscle weakness. Besides in group I significant decrease of creatinine clearance (p < 0.001) and increase of serum urea and creatinine value (p < 0.01) were noticed. On the basis of these results we can conclude that the treatment with 1-alfa-hydroxycholecalciferol, produced by "Polfa", ought to be introduced gradually with increasing doses and frequent monitoring of calcium-phosphate metabolism and renal function parameters.
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PMID:[Clinical estimation of 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in treatment of patients with chronic renal failure]. 130 33

Fetal antigen 2 (FA2) was found within the cytoplasm of osteoblasts and in osteoid material, in a bone biopsy with morphological changes of renal osteodystrophy. An ELISA technique for FA2 quantification was developed, and the specificity confirmed by comparison with electroimmunoassay. The intra- and interassay coefficient of variations (%) were 8.3 and 9.7 respectively, and the detection limit 0.0004 arbitrary units FA2/1 using second-trimester human amniotic fluid as reference (1 AU FA2/1). FA2 was detected in serum-free supernatants from osteoblast cultures. Following size chromatography, the FA2 distribution (two peaks eluted corresponding to Mw 30 kDa and 100 kDa) in serum from a patient with chronic renal failure complicated with secondary hyperparathyroidism and in human amniotic fluid were identical. Probably due to the detection limit, only one peak fraction (30 kDa) was seen in normal human serum. Significantly greater FA2 concentrations were found in sera (n = 14) from patients with chronic renal failure (median: 11.9 mAU FA2/1; range: 5.2-49.0 mAU FA2/1) compared to normal healthy individuals (n = 23) (median: 4.1 mAU FA2/1; range 2.4-9.4 mAU FA2/1) (P less than 0.00001). A close correlation was found between serum FA2 and alkaline phosphatase (R(s) = 0.761; P = 0.006), c-terminal fraction of PTH (R(s) = 0.872; P = 0.003) and intact PTH(1-84) (R(s) = 0.904; P = 0.011) in the haemodialysis patients. These data indicate that FA2 is synthesized by osteoblasts and may represent a new marker for metabolic bone changes.
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PMID:Quantification of fetal antigen 2 (FA2) in supernatants of cultured osteoblasts, normal human serum, and serum from patients with chronic renal failure. 132 37

Parenteral administration of Calcitriol is felt to be superior to oral Calcitriol in the treatment of renal osteodystrophy in chronic renal failure patients. We analyzed the results of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and N-terminal parathormone level which are the clinical parameters of renal osteodystrophy in twenty-three chronic peritoneal dialysis patients who received varying dosages of intraperitoneal Calcitriol. The results which were analyzed at the end of one to twenty-three months revealed significant increase in serum calcium and a significant decrease in the values of alkaline phosphatase and N-terminal parathormone level.
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PMID:Marked improvement in parameters of renal osteodystrophy with the use of intraperitoneal calcitriol. 136 54

Endocrine abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure are well documented. The present study aimed to assess the influence of long-term erythropoietin (EPO) therapy on endocrine abnormalities in haemodialyzed patients. Two groups of haemodialyzed patients, each of which comprised 17 subjects, were examined. The first one treated by EPO (EPO group) while the second one did not receive this hormone (NO-EPO group). A complete biochemical and hormonal check-up was performed before and at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of the study period. Normal values for the estimated parameters were obtained in appropriately selected sex and age-matched healthy subjects. After EPO therapy an increase of the haematocrit value from 21.8 +/- 0.9% to 32.6 +/- 0.9% was observed which was accompanied by a significant decline of plasma ferritin and saturation of transferrin. In patients of the NO-EPO group a significant although less marked rise of the haematocrit value (21.4 +/- 0.4% to 24.2 +/- 0.6%) was also noticed. EPO therapy did not change electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, inorganic phosphate), osteocalcin, creatinine, glucose and alkaline phosphatase plasma levels as well as plasma concentrations of calcium related hormones (PTH, calcitonin, 1.25(OH)2D3) and vasopressin (AVP). EPO treatment induced a significant decline of somatotropin (HGH), prolactin (PRO), follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), ACTH, cortisol, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, insulin (IRI), glucagon (IR-G), pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and gastrin plasma levels and an increase of plasma estradiol, testosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). These EPO induced endocrine alterations were restricted mostly to the first 6 months of EPO administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Influence of long-term erythropoietin therapy on endocrine abnormalities in haemodialyzed patients. 145 6

We measured type I procollagen carboxyl-terminal propeptide (PICP) by a commercial radioimmunoassay and amino-terminal propeptide (PINP) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed in our laboratory in serum from 75 normal women, 10 growing girls, 84 normal men, and 197 patients with various metabolic bone diseases. The molar concentrations of serum PINP were 100-fold higher than those of PICP, suggesting differences in the metabolism of PICP and PINP. In normal women, serum PICP values correlated positively with age and serum PINP values correlated negatively with age (r = 0.28 and -0.32, respectively; P = 0.02). In normal men, however, PICP correlated negatively with age (r = -0.32, P = 0.003) whereas PINP did not change. As assessed by Z scores (SD from age- and sex-specific predicted normal mean), changes in serum PICP and PINP values were concordant in hypoparathyroidism (mean Z scores for PICP and PINP, -0.63 and -1.48, respectively) and Cushing's syndrome (0.50 and 0.40) but were discordant in acromegaly (0.78 and -0.68), hyperthyroidism (1.33 and -0.66), untreated postmenopausal osteoporosis (-0.11 and 0.40), fluoride-treated postmenopausal osteoporosis (-0.61 and 1.08), Paget's disease (4.05 and -0.20), and chronic renal failure (1.45 and -0.50). With either assay, deviations from normal were less pronounced than the deviations of concurrently measured serum osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase values. The deviations in these latter two values agreed better with those of PICP than with those of PINP, except in untreated or fluoride-treated osteoporotic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Utility of type I procollagen propeptide assays for assessing abnormalities in metabolic bone diseases. 146 50

It is said that maintenance hemodialysis patients are already suffering from secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT) from early stage of chronic renal failure. The treatment of 2HPT in this stage is very important for preventing renal osteodystrophy (ROD). But many long-term dialysis patients are still afflicted with ROD although vitamin D have been used for treatment. In this study, an oral administration of 1-25 (OH)2 D3 (4 micrograms) with pulse therapy twice a week at the day before hemodialysis was started for 12 weeks. The concentration of 1-25 (OH)2D3, total calcium (Ca), ionized calcium (Ca++), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PHT) in serum were measured not only before and after every 2 hours of administration a day, but also for 12 weeks after that. The peak of serum 1-25 (OH)2D3 could be sufficiently elevated after 8 hours, and the slight peak of Ca++ could be seen after 8 hours as well. But the level of total calcium could not increased. Although the level of only HS-PTH has not increased after 24 hours, a significant reduction in serum level of C-PTH, intact-PTH and HS-PTH could be recognized after 12 weeks finally. This pulse therapy was effective in reducing the serum level of PTH in this early stage from beginning hemodialysis. But, it needs further studies for the standard treatment.
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PMID:[The oral 1-25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 pulse therapy in hemodialysis patients for the early treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism]. 147 20

Collagen type 1 is the most abundant protein of bone. Serum levels of type 1 procollagen carboxy-terminal extension peptide (Procoll-1-C) may give a measure of the rate of synthesis of the collagen of bone and be therefore a marker of bone turnover. We have studied 38 patients with predialysis chronic renal failure; 14 of them were under long-term treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] for prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism. In all patients a transiliac bone biopsy for histomorphometry and determination of dynamic parameters was performed following double tetracycline labeling. In addition serum Procoll-1-C, intact and C-terminal parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase were determined. In the patients not receiving 1,25(OH)2D3, serum levels of Procoll-1-C were higher than normal. Procoll-1-C did not correlate with any of the humoral parameters, including serum creatinine, nor with static histomorphometric parameters. Contrarily to osteocalcin, the collagen type 1 marker correlated significantly with all dynamic parameters. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 was accompanied by lower levels of osteocalcin, iPTH (n.s.), osteoblastic surface and by normal levels of Procoll-1-C (p < 0.001, compared to untreated patients), without substantial change in bone formation parameters (bone formation rate). In conclusion Procoll-1-C in predialysis chronic renal failure is a marker of bone turnover unparalleled by other markers. 1,25(OH)2D3 administration is associated with lower serum levels of the peptide unaccompanied by a decrement of bone formation parameters, therefore with an apparently better utilization of collagen type 1 in the mineralization process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Procollagen type I C-terminal extension peptide in predialysis chronic renal failure. 148 72


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