Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve acid hydrolases, 4 near-neutral hydrolases, and alkaline phosphatase were demonstrated in 0.34 M sucrose homogenates of Trypanosoma cruzi strain Y: p-nitrophenylphosphatase and alpha-naphthylphosphatase, with optimum pH at approximately 6.0; alpha=ga;actpsodase. beta=ga;actpsodase. beta=g;icpsodase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, cathepsin A and peptidase I and III, with optimum pH between 5.0 and 6.0; and arylsulfatase, cathepsin D, alpha-arabinase and alpha-mannosidase with optimum pH at approximately 4.0. alpha-Glucosidase, glucose-6-phosphatase and peptidase II had optimum pH at approximately 7.0. beta-Glycerophosphatase had a broad pH-activity curve from 4,0 to 7.4, with maximum activity at pH 7.0. The main kinetic characteristics of these enzymes and their quantitative assay methods were studied. No activity was detected for alpha-fucosidase, beta-xylosidase, beta-glucuronidase, elaidate esterase, acid lipase, and alkaline phosphodiesterase.
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PMID:Acid and neutral hydrolases in Trypanosoma cruzi. Characterization and assay. 4 19

On rat jejunum the effects of sorbitol or NaH2PO4 on the activity of various enzymes localized in brush borders was investigated: glycosidases, amino-peptidase, alkaline phosphatase. The activity of phosphatase varies under the influence of these compounds (and others carbohydrates) in the same sense and the same extact than they induce variations of Ca absorption.
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PMID:[Study at the level of the jejunal mucosa of the effects of various carbohydrate compounds on the activity of various enzymes localized in brush borders. Augmentation of phosphatase activity]. 13 33

Localization and activity of five hydrolases (alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and leucylamino-peptidase) were evaluated histochemically in the epididymides of mature dogs. In the ductuli efferentes, cilia and apical parts of the epithelial cells displayed high activity of alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase. Strong activity of acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and leucylamino-peptidase was present in the basal and supranuclear zones of the epithelium of the ductuli efferentes. Stereocilia of all three segments of the ductus epididymidis showed a high activity of alkaline phosphatase. Positive adenosine triphosphatase reaction was confined to the stereocilia of the initial segment. A complex pattern of acid phosphatase activity was observed in the middle segment. The subdivision of the middle segment in four subsegments was therefore suggested. In the epithelium of the initial segment only a few nonspecific esterase-positive cells were seen. The infranuclear and basal areas of the epithelium in the middle segment and the supranuclear zone of the terminal segment displayed distinct nonspecific esterase activity. The possible contribution of the hydrolases to the function of the epididymis is discussed.
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PMID:[Histological localization of hydrolases in the epididymis of the dog]. 16 21

The purification of the pregnancy zone protein by means of immunoadsorbents is described. The pregnancy zone protein antibody was isolated from an absorbed rabbit antiserum and coupled with CNBr-activated sepharose. The pregnancy zone protein was isolated from pregnancy serum by the specific antibody cross-linked with sepharose. Contaminating serum proteins were eliminated by "inverse" immunoadsorption using antibodies against these proteins coupled with sepharose. An immunoelectrophoretically pure pregnancy zone protein was obtained. By means of a combination of immunoprecipitation and enzyme reaction in agar gel could be excluded that the pregnancy zone protein possesses activities of the following 11 enzymes: ceruloplasmin, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylic esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, acetyl cholinesterase and oxytocinase.
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PMID:[Isolation of "pregnancy-zone" proteins using immuno absorbents and study of possible enzyme activities]. 17 12

Treatment of Escherichia coli cells with procaine (0.55%, w/v) results in the accumulation of precursor in addition to mature forms of two periplasmic proteins, alkaline phosphatase and glutamine-binding protein. The precursor form of alkaline phosphatase has a higher molecular weight than the mature form by about 2600. An experimental technique is described to isolate and purify precursor forms of any presumably exported protein. After the membrane solubilization step in the presence of nonionic detergent, a peptidase is stimulated, resulting in partial cleavage of the precursors. The products of this cleavage have been identified as the mature protein and presumably the signal peptide in the case of alkaline phosphatase. The amino acid composition of this peptide, which is comprised of 25 residues, has been determined. Procaine (0.55%, w/v) causes an increase in molecular packing of lipid molecules in the membrane which might result in an alteration of membrane fluidity sufficient for selective inhibition of processing of precursors of exported proteins.
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PMID:Procaine, a local anesthetic interacting with the cell membrane, inhibits the processing of precursor forms of periplasmic proteins in Escherichia coli. 37 64

Sperm transport in the female reproductive tract involves 3 stages: rapid short sperm transport; colonization of reservoirs; and slow prolonged release. Sperm transport through the cervix is affected by contractile activity of vagina and cervix, properties of cervical mucus, directional motility of sperm and possibly female orgasm, in addition to other endocrine, hereditary, immunological and psychological factors. Aided by myometrial contraction, spermatozoa may reach the site of fertilization within 2 to 10 minutes. During transport in the female tract, the sperm are separated from the seminal plasma and resuspended in endometrial and oviductal fluids, reducing the survival time of sperm. In artificial insemination, the physicochemical and immunological factors in the vagina and cervix affect sperm survival and transport into the uterus and oviduct. Spermatozoa are immobilized by vaginal secretions within 1 to 2 hours of insemination, suggesting the importance of rapid transport of sperm in the fertilization process. During ovulation, the cervical mucus provides an environment favorable to sperm survival; the biochemical changes which occur include decrease in albumin, alkaline phosphatase, peptidase, antitrypsin, esterase and sialic acid, as well as an increase in mucins and NaCl. The main cervical mucus components which are favorable to sperm survival have not been identified, although hexosamines and carbohydrate forms are suspected of contributing to sperm survival in the cervix.
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PMID:In vivo and in vitro sperm penetration in cervical mucus. 39 7

After isolation of the hamster small intestine, the effects of a continuous infusion of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) are studied. Several enzymic activities are measured in the intestinal lumen and compared with the level found in the intestinal homogenate. During CCK-PZ infusion we observed a direct stimulation of Paneth cells associated with an increase of lysozyme activity. Furthermore this work confirms the stimulating effect of CCK-PZ on alkaline phosphatase and amino-peptidase. Maltase and sucrase levels were unaffected. The liberation of the hydrolase of the brush border in the intestinal lumen is negligible and cannot be considered as a true secretion. Only granule content of Paneth cells is actually secreted. However, biochemical data, corroborated by morphological results, suggest that Paneth cell secretion could in part be absorbed on the outer surface of the brush border.
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PMID:Comparative effects of CCK-PZ on certain intestinal hydrolases in the mucosa and in the luminal content of the hamster jejuno-ileum. 39 57

It is shown that certain key enzymes in membranous digestion (alkaline phosphatase, peptidase, gamma-amylase) are allosteric and ensure the autoregulation and the homoeostasis of the final stages of hydrolysis and of the initial stages of nutrient transport. This mechanism was evidenced not only in vertebrates (mammals, birds, fishes), but also in invertebrates (drosophilae). The comparison of the triton and trypsin forms of the enzymes permitted to locate centres of regulation in the hydrophobic parts of amphipathetic enzymes (as illustrated by the examples of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-amylase of of the rat and of the drosophila). A considerable variability of the regulatory characteristics of the enzymes under investigation was demonstrated in the different varieties of drosophila. The authors present a hypothesis on the role of the regulatory properties of digestive enzymes in the physiology and the pathology of the digestive and transport systems of the small intestine.
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PMID:[Regulatory properties of the intestinal enzymes of higher and lower animals as an adaptation mechanism in digestion and absorption]. 48 66

Ten blood properties--total protein, cholesterol, zinc turbidity test, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red and white blood cell counts--were measured in primiparous cows at three different stages near parturition, 260 days of pregnancy, 5 days and 35 days after parturition. Experiments were performed in two seasons, winter (January to April) and summer (June to September), using eleven cows in each seasonal group. The degree of inclusive variation of the ten blood properties by discriminant analysis was low in winter and very high in summer between 260 days of pregnancy and 5 days after parturition. It was high in both seasons between 5 days and 35 days after parturition. In addition, in comparison between the corresponding stages in the two seasonal groups, the degree was higher in summer than in winter. The discrepancy in the seasonal patterns seemed to occur by the differences in environmental factors, such as temperature and feeding conditions, in addition to stresses due to pregnancy, parturition and lactation. It was verified that discriminant analysis, one of the multivariate analyses was useful for an inclusive, objective judgment on data of multiple clinical examinations in dairy cows.
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PMID:[Discriminant analysis applied to blood components in dairy cows before and after delivery]. 55 1

Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase has been purified and modified by either carboxymethylation or treatment with cyanogen bromide (CNBr). Only the CNBr-treated protein was degradable in an E. coli cell extract. Separation of the CNBr cleavage products by gel filtration in non-denaturing conditions gave rise to a number of oligomeric complexes, of which only those of molecular weight less than approximately 29000 were degradable in E. coli cell-free extracts. Carboxymethylation of the non-degradable complexes (greater than 29000 molecular weight) resulted in the formation of some complexes of less than 29000 molecular weight: such newly formed complexes were degradable by E. coli cell-free extracts. It is suggested that E. coli cell-free extracts may contain a protease/peptidase system which is active against peptide complexes below 29000 molecular weight, but inactive against peptide oligomers of greater molecular weight.
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PMID:Degradation of abnormal proteins in Escherichia coli. Differential proteolysis in vitro of E. coli alkaline phosphatase cyanogen-bromide-cleavage products. 79 61


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