Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Symptoms associated with menopause can greatly affect the quality of life for women. Botanical dietary supplements have been viewed by the public as safe and effective despite a lack of evidence indicating a urgent necessity to standardize these supplements chemically and biologically. Seventeen plants were evaluated for estrogenic biological activity using standard assays: competitive estrogen receptor (ER) binding assay for both alpha and beta subtypes, transient transfection of the estrogen response element luciferase plasmid into MCF-7 cells expressing either ER alpha or ER beta, and the Ishikawa alkaline phosphatase induction assay for both estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities. Based on the combination of data pooled from these assays, the following was determined: a) a high rate of false positive activity for the competitive binding assays, b) some extracts had estrogenic activity despite a lack of ability to bind the ER, c) one extract exhibited selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) activity, and d) several extracts show additive/synergistic activity. Taken together, these data indicate a need to reprioritize the order in which the bioassays are performed for maximal efficiency of programs involving bioassay-guided fractionation. In addition, possible explanations for the conflicts in the literature over the estrogenicity of Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) are suggested.
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PMID:High-content screening and mechanism-based evaluation of estrogenic botanical extracts. 1847 38

Medullary bone is a unique tissue in female birds and forms in the cavity of long bones. This bone displays rapid remodeling in response to circulating estrogen levels, suggesting that the osteoblasts in this bone are highly sensitive to estrogen. The present study examined expression of two estrogen receptor (ER) mRNAs in osteogenic cells of medullary bone of white Leghorn hens in vitro. At day 3, isolated cells from the hen medullary bone expressed alkaline phosphatase activity. Using immunocytochemistry, ER protein was demonstrated in the nuclei of these cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed that ER-alpha mRNA was constantly expressed from day 3 to day 15 of culture, while ER-beta mRNA was not detected throughout the culture period. These results indicate that estrogen may act via ER-alpha, but not ER-beta, on osteogenic cells of the avian medullary bone.
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PMID:Evidence for the expression of estrogen receptors in osteogenic cells isolated from hen medullary bone. 1883 15


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