Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An attempt was made to improve the control of blood glucose in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Ten patients were studied over a period exceeding 8 mo in the outpatient department. Each patient was taught to monitor his or her own blood glucose concentration and was enrolled in an exercise program. In addition, they were taught to calibrate insulin, food, and exercise in terms of the response of the blood glucose. After 3 mo of study, there was a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) values from a mean concentration of 10.3 to 7.6%. Hb A1c values correlated well with mean blood glucose levels (r = 0.86). Dietary analysis revealed that the patients selected a diet consisting of 25% protein, 44% fat, and 31% carbohydrate, but there was a wide range in caloric distribution. There was no correlation between blood glucose control as measured by Hb A1c and caloric distribution. Systolic blood pressures decreased greater than 10 mm Hg. Serum alkaline phosphatase also decreased in each patient as control of blood glucose improved. Three of the patients with abnormalities of nerve conduction measurement at the beginning of the study had a complete return to normal at 8 mo. An outpatient program such as this may be cost effective through the avoidance of diabetes-related hospitalizations and may provide a mechanism whereby larger studies can be designed to define further the relationship of glycemia to the sequelae of diabetes.
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PMID:Feasibility of improved blood glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 51 Jan 27

Ten blood properties--total protein, cholesterol, zinc turbidity test, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red and white blood cell counts--were measured in primiparous cows at three different stages near parturition, 260 days of pregnancy, 5 days and 35 days after parturition. Experiments were performed in two seasons, winter (January to April) and summer (June to September), using eleven cows in each seasonal group. The degree of inclusive variation of the ten blood properties by discriminant analysis was low in winter and very high in summer between 260 days of pregnancy and 5 days after parturition. It was high in both seasons between 5 days and 35 days after parturition. In addition, in comparison between the corresponding stages in the two seasonal groups, the degree was higher in summer than in winter. The discrepancy in the seasonal patterns seemed to occur by the differences in environmental factors, such as temperature and feeding conditions, in addition to stresses due to pregnancy, parturition and lactation. It was verified that discriminant analysis, one of the multivariate analyses was useful for an inclusive, objective judgment on data of multiple clinical examinations in dairy cows.
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PMID:[Discriminant analysis applied to blood components in dairy cows before and after delivery]. 55 1

Purified T-2 toxin was fed to S.C.W.L. hens at levels of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 p.p.m. of an otherwise balanced diet. Feed consumption, egg production and shell thickness were significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased in hens fed 8 p.p.m. as compared with control hens. The fertility and progeny performance were not depressed by feeding T-2 toxin, but the hatchability of fertile eggs of hens fed 2 and 8 p.p.m. was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than that of hens fed the control diet. The weights of liver, heart, gizzard and spleen were not influenced by T-2 toxin. Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, LDH and uric acid of hens fed high concentrations of T-2 toxin were greater than those of control hens. SGPT in hens fed 8.0 p.p.m. was lower when compared with control hens. No outward changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin, erythrocyte, leukocyte and differential leukocyte counts were noted with feeding T-2 toxin. Most hens fed T-2 toxin developed oral lesions: circumscribed proliferative yellow caseous plaques at the margin of the beak, mucosa of the hard palate and angle of the mouth, and tongue. The incidence and severity of lesions were proportional to the dietary level of T-2 toxin. The only other lesion observed in necropsy examination at the end of the experiment was the small mucosal ulcer in the anterior portion of the gizzard in hens fed high levels of T-2 toxin. Microscostrointestinal tract, etc.) revealed no significant pathological change except the necrotic lesions in the gizzard and crop.
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PMID:Effects of T-2 toxin on reproductive performance and health of laying hens. 60 40

The results of sending specimens through a computerized pneumatic airtransport system and manually delivering specimens were compared for 15 chemical tests and six hematologic procedures. All specimens were collected from inpatients and outpatients into evacuated glass containers. The specimens traversed a maximum of 829 feet (253 meters) involving 16 bends and eight transfer units at 25 feet/second (7.6 meters/second). Only the activity of lactate dehydrogenase exceeded the precision of the test in pneumatically transported specimens. Ruptured erythrocytes in incompletely filled vacuum tubes were the likely source of the increased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Neither the serum sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, total protein, albumin, calcium, glucose, creatinine, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, acid phosphatase, uric acid, leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, nor the prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were affected by pneumatic transport. It is concluded that the pneumatic system tested provides a safe, efficient method of transporting the blood specimens tested.
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PMID:Evaluation of a computer-directed pneumatic-tube system for pneumatic transport of blood specimens. 70 6

We show our experience in 12 patients treated during a year with weekly intermittent dialysis whit a rigid catheter for 36 hours a week. Patients were on a diet of 50 g. of proteins a day, normocaloric without sodium or fluid restriction. They received supplementation whith iron, calcium, vitamins B, C and folic acid, anabolic hormonal and, in some cases, furosemide hypotensives and antibiotics. Patients received the procedure for a mean of 8 months. The results show the following mean values: blood pressure: 143 +/- 12/99 +/- 3 mm. Hg., plasma urea 208 +/- 62 ng./dl.; creatinine 21 +/- 2 mg./dl., hematocrit 25 mm. and 8.0 g. hemoglobin. There was light increase of glucose, K, P, Mg, alkaline phosphatase. Na, CO2, proteins cholesterol, albumin and Ca keep in normal values. Nine patients passed to hemodialysis after a mean period of nine months and three of them received a kidney transplant. Three are still in peritoneal dialysis, one of them for 18 months. We compared our results with a similar group of patients who were treated with non-regular peritoneal dialysis. Our group had less cardiovascular complaints, or infections and keep more adequate body weight, and also got more survival in better conditions with less days in hospital, they received less blood transfusion. We concluded that weekly peritoneal dialysis is an alternative method of treatment in uremic patients for longer period of time even though frequently paracentesis.
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PMID:[Prolonged survival with weekly peritoneal dialysis in chronic uremic patients]. 75 7

Basic and clinical investigation on the intravenous administration of sulbenicillin in moderate dose (510g daily) was carried out to evaluate its clinical effect in systemic infections due to gram-negative bacilli. The following results were obtained. (1) In human subjects received 5 g intravenous drip infusion, the peak blood levels were found at the end of infusion. In 6 cases with normal renal function (Ccr greater than or equal to 70ml/min.) the peak blood level was 181 mcg/ml on the average and the half-life 1.1 hours, while in 3 cases with impaired renal function (Ccr less than 70 ml/min.) the peak level 216 mcg/ml and the half-life longer than 2 hours. The height of the peak level seemed to be subjected to the duration of infusion. The renal excretion of sulbenicllin was 55.2% on the average both in cases with normal and impaired renal functions. (2) Sulbenicillin, 510g daily divided in 2 doses, was administered to 15 cases including 6 cases with acute pyelonephritis, 3 with acute cystitis, 3 with biliary tract infection, 2 with respiratory tract infection and 1 with acute prostatitis. All the cases except 3 cases with acute pyelonephritis had underlying diseases. Escherichia coli was isolated from 10 cases, Klebsiella from 2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 1, and unidentified gram-negative bacilli from 1. Eleven cases responded to the treatment, but 4 cases failed. In 11 cases with susceptible bacteria, 8 cases responded bacteriologically (2 cases recurred), and 3 cases failed to respond. A case with biliary tract infection due to E. coli did not respond to 5 g daily treatment, but responded to 5 g twice daily. Two cases due to organisms which were not inhibited by 200mcg/ml in vitro did not respond to the treatment. (3) A moderate decrease in red blood cell number and hemoglobin content was observed in one case. A transient increase in transaminase and alkaline phosphatase level was observed in other cases.
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PMID:[Studies on the intravenous administration of sulbenicillin (author's transl)]. 77 28

Commercial feed mixture was buffered with a 2% and 3% admixture of bentonite buffer in two beef cattle herds in the course of one year. The mixtures were fed on a continuous basis. The two-per-cent buffer concentration was tested in 110 test animals with 104 control animals and the three-per-cent concentration in 50 test animals with 50 controls. Throughout the trial the over-all health condition remained unchanged, the hematocrit and hemoglobin values were balanced in both groups. The biochemical indices were better in the test groups: hypocalcemia improved (in the controls it grew worse), magnesiemia was slightly increased, the inorganic serum factor did not go beyond physiological limits, and acidosis did not occur (as distinct from the control animals). The levels of transaminases (GOT, GPT), glutamic acid dehydrogenase, total serum protein, alkaline phosphatase as well as ammonia and urea in blood serum were at physiological values with po-differences within groups. In the case of the three-per-cent buffer concentration the daily gains were higher by 0.073 kg, and in the two-per-cent concentration by 0.058 kg, in the test animals. The average annual gain was higher by 25.5 kg, and by 18.3 kg, respectively. With respect to the price of buffer and to the efficiency of the animals tested, the economic indices of feed mixture buffering are highly effective.
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PMID:[Year-round buffering of cattle feed mixture and its effect on metabolism and productivity]. 80 6

Roe-deer (Capreolus capreolus L. -- five animals) and fallow deer (Dama dama L. -- eleven animals) of both sexes and at different age were subject to blood examination. The deer were killed in several preserves in Bohemia during autumn and winter shootings in two years. The following blood values were determined: erythrocyte count, leucocyte count, hemoglobin content, hematocrit values, MCV, MCH, MCHC, white blood picture, total protein, its fractions (albumin, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-globulin) SGOT, SGPT, and alkaline phosphatase activities, and calcium, phoshporus, and magnesium levels. Examinations were performed in the blood collected from heart soon after the killing of the animals and the results were evaluated in relation to natural polyvalent invasions by parasites of the following species: Bicaulus sagittatus, Dictyocaulus viviparus, Paramphistomum sp., Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, O. ostertagi, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Nematodirus filicollis, Chabertia ovina, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichocephalus ovis, Eimeria auburnensis, E. faurei, and E. ninaekohlyakimovae, occurring in different intensities and species composition in individual animals of the deer tested.
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PMID:[Clinical examination of the blood of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) and fallow deer (Dama dama L.) naturally invaded by parasites]. 80 92

In six animals hunted and four immobilized animals of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) of both sexes and of different age, kept at three game preserves in Bohemia, the psychological values were ascertained: the number of erythrocytes and leucocytes, the hemoglobin content, the hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, the white blood count, the total serum protein, the fractions: albumin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-globulin, the activity of SGOT, and SGPT, the alkaline phosphatase and the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in the blood serum. The blood from the heart shortly after killing of the animal was examined, and in immobilized animals the blood was taken from the vena jugularis. In the red deer, a variable intensity of the polyvalent infection of parasites of the species Dictyocaulus viviparus, Bicalulus sagittatus, Fascioloides magna, Paramphistomum spec., Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia ostertagi, O. circumcincta, Trichostrongylus axei, Nematodirus filicollis, Chabertia ovina, and Trichocephalus globulosa was found. In the immobilized deer no marked deviations were found in the examined values of blood that had been taken within 10 minutes after the calming of the animals.
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PMID:[Clinical examination of the blood of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) naturally infested with parasites]. 82 34

Fifty-one leprosy patients receiving long-term clofazimine have undergone systematic clinical laboratory testing in a search for any toxicity secondary to the drug. In approximately 220 patient-years of observation and in analyzing approximately 40,000 test results, no statistically significant changes in the direction of abnormality have been observed in SGOT, thymol turbidity, serum globulins, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, white blood cell count or differential, hematocrit, hemoglobin, BUN, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum albumin, serum potassium, serum calcium, stool for occult blood, routine urinalysis, or reticulocyte count. Statistically significant changes toward abnormality were found in fasting blood sugar and total serum bilirubin. These statistically significant changes in the direction of abnormality were of a small magnitude, were not associated with related clinical signs or symptoms, and do not seem to be of major clinical significance. Despite the accumulation of relatively massive amounts of the drug in various tissues, clofazimine appears remarkably free of serious or life-threatening toxicity clinically. Although the skin and gastrointestinal side effects of clofazimine limit its usefulness, on the evidence to date, its advantages outweigh its disadvantages in those leprosy patients for whom it is indicated.
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PMID:Long-term clinical toxicity studies with clofazimine (B663) in leprosy. 82 10


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