Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiments were carried out with 32 lambs weaned at different age and fed a dry milk replacer as well as with 20 control lambs nursed by their ewes. All lambs were divided into three groups. Those of the first one were weaned at the age of 5 days, those of the second group - at 15 days, and those of the third group - at 20 days. Blood was sampled at the beginning of the test and then for a second and a third time at a 15-day interval in order to study the serum glutamate-oxal-acetate transaminase (SGOT), the serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), the alkaline phosphatase (AP), and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). It was established that at the first study in the beginning of the experiment SGOT and SGPT were at a higher level in the test animals than in the control ones. AP was found to rise in both groups with the advancement of age. Lowest values in the activity of LDH were recorded with the two groups at the age of 5 days. No differences were established between the values of LDH in the test and control groups in all investigations. The rise of SGOT and SGPT in the test lambs spoke of adaptation of the enzymes as a result of changes in the metabolic pattern with the lambs of different feeding.
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PMID:[Activities of glutamate-oxalate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in the serum of lambs weaned at different ages]. 711 31

Studied was the dynamics of the changes taking place in the activity of a number of enzymes in the blood plasma (glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aldolase (ALD), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), guanase, and cholinesterase (CE). The calculation of the correlation coefficients and the regression lines revealed that GOT, GPT, LDH, ALD, and guanase raised their activity following treatment of the test animals up to a higher extent and at a higher rate. Lower rate changes were those in the activity of AP, leucinaminopeptidase, and CE. No changes whatever were found in the activity of CPK. On the basis of these results the diagnostic value is determined of both the individual enzymes and the enzyme constellation as a whole.
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PMID:[Changes in serum enzyme activity after the tetrachloromethane treatment of guinea pigs]. 716 46

The data presently reported show that repeated exposure of rats to allyl alcohol, ethionine or alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT) impaired some plasmatic parameters mainly by means of different mechanisms which involve the liver function. In particular, four administrations of allyl alcohol, given every other day, increased glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) for at least 48 hours from the last dose; ethionine reduced the bromsulphthalein (BSP) clearance even after 48 hours from the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd administration given on the 1st, 5th, or 12th day; ANIT, administered daily for seven days, increased glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), bilirubin, triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (CH) while it decreased the body-weight and retarded growth for at least six to seven days after intoxication. Twice daily administrations of dihydroxy-dibutylether (DHBE), a strong choleretic agent, brought to normality the parameters impaired by the three hepatointoxicating agents even when the intoxication was already established. In fact, DHBE reduced the plasma GOT levels increased by allyl alcohol, improved the BSP clearance impaired by ethionine and tended to normalize the parameters modified by ANIT by lowering GPT, AP, CH, TG and bilirubin plasma levels and by enhancing body growth. The curative activity of DHBE does not seem to be related only to a membrane stabilizing action since silymarin, a known cell membrane stabilizer, does not significantly influence the parameters described above in all the experimental conditions. Even the choleretic activity of DHBE alone might not be sufficient to explain its hepatoprotective action since fenipentol (a known choleretic agent) is inactive at least after ANIT intoxication.
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PMID:Therapeutic properties of dihydroxy-dibutylether on sub-acute liver damage induced by several hepatotoxic agents in rats. 716 2

The changes were followed up that take place in the activity of the more important serum enzymes, such as glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, and alkaline phosphatase, as well as aldolase in the development of the experimental infection with various doses of Taenia ovis eggs in lambs. Used were 14 two-month-old lambs divided into test groups of 4 animals each and a control group of two lambs. In the lambs of three of the test groups infected with 4000, 7000, and 30 000 T. ovis eggs, respectively, no signs were observed of enhanced serum enzyme activity up to the 35th day following infection. Later on there was a drop of the activity of these enzymes however, with the exception of alkaline phosphatase the values of all studied serum enzymes remained higher than the normal ones up to the end of the experiment.
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PMID:[Effect of an experimental infestation with Cysticercus ovis on serum enzyme activity in lambs]. 717 Jul 68

A group of male rabbits was starved for 7 days. Their blood samples were collected, before and after the starvation period. Six rabbits were slaughtered for the recovery of livers, while the rest were refed for the next 7 days, at the end of which their blood samples were collected and livers taken out for various analyses. After 7 days of starvation, the total leukocytic count, haemoglobin, bilirubin, proteins and glucose contents, and activities of alkaline phosphatase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase of blood serum decreased significantly, while its lactate dehydrogenase activity and cholesterol, total lipids and urea contents showed a significant increase. In liver, except for the bilirubin and glucose contents, all the biochemical components--RNA, DNA and total proteins included--showed highly elevated values. Refeeding of the starved rabbits tended to normalize most within 7 days. Although RNA, DNA, total proteins, cholesterol and urea contents did not reach the normal level in liver during this period, they were definitely less than those of the starved condition. The hepatic transaminases activities and lipid content in starved + refed livers were considerably decreased during the refeeding period. The histological parameters were slow to recover.
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PMID:Effect of starvation and refeeding on the blood and liver of domesticated rabbits. 717 Sep 91

Monensin fed to beef cows at levels of 50, 200 or 300 mg daily during late gestation and early lactation induced feed savings of 3.2, 10.5 and 13.5%, respectively, when feed intakes were regulated to produce similar changes in cow weights, condition scores and weight to height ratios during the 168-day feeding period. Feed dry matter intakes were different (P < .05) for the orthogonal single degree of freedom comparisons that were made. The monensin treatments and the adjustments in feed intake associated with them had no apparent effect on (1) calf birth weights, (2) adjusted 205-day weaning weights or (3) first-service conception rates for the cows. Monensin increased (P < .05) the proportion of propionate and the ratio of acetate to propionate in rumen samples taken prepartum, but not in samples taken postpartum. Blood samples obtained at the same time that rumen samples were obtained showed no treatment effects on serum creatinine, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, inorganic phosphorus, calcium, creatine phosphokinase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase or total protein.
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PMID:Efficacy of monensin for beef cows. 719 80

The reaction of rats and rabbits to long-term application of acidified drinking water (pH 2.3-2.5) was observed over a 7-months period. The following parameters were studied: growth curves initiated at weaning, haematology, blood glucose, total serum protein, creatinine, inorganic phosphate, sodium, potassium, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine kinase, serum glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase in serum as well as the acid-base status in arterial blood; in addition in rabbits gamma-glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase were examined in the serum. No significant changes were seen in comparison to the control groups.
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PMID:Studies on the hygiene of drinking water for laboratory animals. 2. Clinical and biochemical studies in rats and rabbits during long-term provision of acidified drinking water. 727 10

The metabolism and acute hepatotoxicity of styrene oxide were studied after ip administration of a high dose of 375 mg/kg to adult male rats. Liver glutathione was significantly depleted at 2 h, but became normal at 6 h. The activity of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase was increased during the entire period (24 h) of study, while the activities of alkaline phosphatase and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were elevated at 2 and 24 h, respectively, after administration of the dose. Decreased body weights and increased liver weights were observed at 24 h. Both prothrombin time and urinary urobilinogen concentration were temporarily increased. While urinary mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids were increased during the entire time period, urinary (but no fecal) nonprotein sulfhydryl contents were increased at 2 and 6 h. The results of biochemical tests of liver function suggest a mild liver pattern in rats treated acutely with styrene oxide.
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PMID:Metabolism and acute hepatotoxicity of styrene oxide in rats. 732 98

The subacute inhalation toxicity of alpha-ethylacrolein was examined in rats by repeated exposure of 4 groups of 10 males and 10 females each to alpha-ethylacrolein vapour at concentrations of 0, 2.0, 9.8 or 48.4 ppm, respectively, (6 h/day, 5 days/week) for a period of 13 weeks. The effects at 48.4 ppm were found to include growth retardation, focal alopecia, increased activity of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum, decreased concentrations of total protein and albumin in the blood serum, increased relative weight of the heart, liver, adrenals and lungs, and histopathological changes in the respiratory tract mainly consisting of hyper- and metaplasia of respiratory epithelium and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium. While at the 9.8 ppm level only a few relatively minor effects were noticed, viz. decreased concentrations of total protein and albumin in the blood serum and minimal hyper- and metaplasia of the tracheobronchial epithelium, no changes attributable to alpha-ethylacrolein were observed at the 2.0 ppm level.
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PMID:Repeated exposure to alpha-ethylacrolein vapour: subacute toxicity study in rats. 733 39

Administration of a single high dose of styrene (878 mg/kg ip in corn oil) to young male rats produced significant elevations in the activities of serum transaminases: 230, 209, and 71% increases in the activity of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and 163, 437, and 227% in that of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) at 2, 6, and 24 h, respectively, after the dose. These results demonstrated that styrene could produce acute hepatic injury in young rats. Urinary nonprotein sulfhydryl contents and mandelic, phenylglyoxylic, and hippuric acids were all increased. Pretreatment of rats with phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene did not further enhance the activities of SGOT and SGPT after styrene, but produced changes in other biochemical parameters, for example, an increase in liver weight, decrease in serum albumin and globulin concentrations, increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity at 2 and 6 h, and increase in urinary urobilinogen concentrations. In addition, such pretreatments further increased the nonprotein sulfhydryl contents at 2 and 6 h after styrene injection. Pretreatment of rats with the microsomal enzyme inhibitor SKF 525-A failed to prevent the hepatotoxicity induced by styrene and did not modify the overall urinary excretion profiles of styrene metabolites. This study suggests that the mechanism of the activation/deactivation process leading to the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of styrene is complex and that alternative pathways not dependent on cytochrome P-450 might also be involved.
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PMID:Effects of microsomal induction and inhibition on styrene-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. 733 32


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