Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5 serum protein polymorphic systems (haptoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, group-specific (Gc) proteins, beta2-glycoprotein 1 and leucine aminopeptidase) and 6 red-cell polymorphisms (adenosine deaminase, adenylate kinase, phosphoglucomutase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase) have been investigated in 54 subjects with tuberous sclerosis. The frequencies of all systems were compared with those of a control sample drawn from a similar mentally retarded population and abnormal distributions were detected in the haptoglobin and Gc system. Quantitative estimation of the serum levels of the Gc protein failed to detect any inter-group differences. Data on the deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium, Haldane's Log ratio test between groups, and gene frequencies of both test and control groups are given. It is suggested that selection by mortality is the possible causation for the abnormal distribution of the Gc phenotypes, but the haptoglobin phenotype distribution requires further investigation with care being taken in the selection of control subjects.
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PMID:Serum and tissue proteins in tuberous sclerosis. I. Serum and red-cell polymorphic systems. 16 11

Serial liver enzyme and bilirubin concentrations were measured in 100 patients undergoing total parenteral nutrition. Between the eighth and tenth days, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels rose to 5.4 times pretotal parenteral nutrition levels; serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, 2.8 times; bilirubin, 2.3 times, and lactic dehydrogenase, 1.5 times. These elevations were transient, lasting four to ten days. Biopsies of the liver taken during maximal elevations demonstrated marked periportal fatty change. A second elevation of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase occurred in one-third to one-half of those patients receiving total parenteral nutrition for longer than a 20 day period. These elevations were more prolonged, and no biopsies were taken. Amino acid solutions contain conversion products of tryptophan, an amino acid that is unstable in the presence of the preservative sodium bisulfite which is added to all commercially available protein solutions. Infusion of these products into rats, either alone or as part of total parenteral nutrition solutions, resulted in periportal fatty change of the livers identical to that seen in our patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. A toxic effect of tryptophan conversion products in total parenteral nutrition solutions is proposed.
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PMID:Serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin elevations during parenteral nutrition. 40 35

A retrospective study of the clinical findings and natural history of 140 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma treated at Wayne State University over a ten year period was done. Multiple organ metastases were diagnosed clinically in 78 per cent of all patients and seen at all autopsies. Routine roentgenograms of the chest did not diagnose metastases to the lung in 27 per cent of the patients. The concimitant elevation of alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase enzymes is suggestive of underlying metastases to the liver even with a negative liver scan or normal liver size. Electroencephalography was found to be sensitive in predicting and confirming metastases to the central nervous system prior to clinical manifestation with a 97 per cent accuracy rate in clinically confirmed instances as compared with a 60 per cent accuracy rate with brain scan. Age, sex and primary site of melanoma did not influence the survival once the disease became disseminated. Patients with a disease-free interval of more than six months statistically have a better chance of survival from the onset of systemic metastases, p = 0.001. Patients with a poor performance status of less than or equal to 40 per cent had a median survival period of one month as compared with six months with 90 per cent performance, p = 0.001. Patients who initially presented with metastases to the skin or lymph nodes without other visceral involvement had a 14 month median survival rate as compared with eight months in patients with metastases to the central nervous system only, four months with metastases to the liver and only one month in patients with multiple organ involvement, p = 0.0001.
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PMID:Clinical presentation, natural history and prognostic factors in advanced malignant melanoma. 50 43

Ceforanide, a new cephalosporin antibiotic with a long half-life (3 h), can be administered twice daily. We evaluated its antimicrobial activity, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy. Twenty-seven patients with infections due to susceptible organisms received ceforanide, 0.5, 1, or 2 g, intramuscularly or intravenously every 12 h for 6 to 28 days. In vitro studies with the clinical isolates from 27 patients treated plus 263 additional isolates showed that ceforanide was active against cephalothin-susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. In addition, ceforanide inhibited 65% of cephalothin-resistant Escherichia coli and 65% of Enterobacter spp. at </=12.5 mug/ml. After a single 1-g intramuscular dose, the mean peak plasma concentration at 1 h was 48.9 mug/ml and that at 12 h was 4.7 mug/ml. Plasma accumulation occurred in some patients. The infections included 10 pneumonias, 3 with bacteremia and 1 with empyema; 11 soft tissue infections, 4 with abscesses and 3 with sepsis; and 3 urinary tract infections. One case each of endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and septic thrombophlebitis, all due to Staphylococcus aureus, were treated. Clinical response was satisfactory in all patients; bacteriological response was satisfactory in 26 of 27 patients. Ceforanide was well tolerated. Three patients developed mild increases in liver enzymes, and one developed slight eosinophilia. In another case, the antibiotic was discontinued because of a fivefold rise in serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (aspartate aminotransferase) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) and a twofold rise in lactic acid dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Ceforanide: in vitro and clinical evaluation. 50 95

The 2-n-propyl (pr) and 2-n-butyl (bu) methylenedioxyindenes (MDIs) developed in our laboratories are intracellular calcium antagonists with coronary dilating and antiarrhythmic actions. Acute toxicity studies resulted, in mice, in an iv LD50 of 40 and 32 mg/kg for pr-MDI and bu-MDI, respectively, and an ip LD50 of 185 mg/kg for both MDIs. In rats, the ip LD50 was 175 and 240 mg/kg for pr-MDI and bu-MDI, respectively. An iv dose of 16 mg/kg decreased motor activity and prolonged barbiturate sleeping time in mice, but did not affect conditioned avoidance behavior or motor coordination tests. In sub-acute toxicity studies, rats received daily for 4 weeks 26.25 or 52.5 mg/kg ip of either MDIs, while mice received 23.13 or 46.25 mg/kg ip of either MDIs. No alterations were observed in serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, bilirubin, chloride, cholesterol, uric acid, prothrombin time, and bromsulphalein retention. Blood glucose was slightly lowered. Serum calcium was slightly lowered in male mice. The higher dose of pr-MDI elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase in rats. Both MDIs elevated serum isocitric dehydrogenase in male rats. Light microscopic examination of brain, kidney, liver, spleen, intestine, stomach, and myocardium showed no anomalies resulting from the 4-week MDI treatment, and electron microscopic examination of hepatocytes revealed no deleterious effects of either MDIs.
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PMID:Toxicological evaluation of new calcium antagonists: 2-substituted 3-dimethylamino-5,6-methylenedioxyindenes. 51 12

Serum electrolytes, metabolites and enzymes were determined in arterial blood of chronically cannulated dogs at room temperature and on exposure to 44-50 degrees C. These dogs were naturally acclimated to hot, arid conditions. In dogs maintaining their rectal temperatures (TR) below 40 degrees C, no significant changes were seen in the levels of Na+, Cl-, cholesterol, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase or glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). K+, CO2, glucose decreased significantly, and urea nitrogen (BUN) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) showed small but significant increases. In several cases of excitable dogs, in which TR increased above 40 degrees C, we found large, significant increases in uric acid, SGPT and SGOT, and a decrease in cholesterol. The results suggest that in dogs maintaining their TR when exposed to high temperatures, changes in serum constituents indicate merely the presence of respiratory alkalosis and an increased energetic demand. When control of TR is lost, changes occur which suggest liver, and possibly cardiac, tissue damage.
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PMID:Physiological responses of dogs on exposure to hot, arid conditions. Serum constituents. 56 59

The hepatic tolerability of phthalazine-(2,2-b)-phthalazin-5,12-(7H,14H)-dione (diftalone--administered at the dosage of 750 mg/day p.o. for a mean period of 23 days--has been studied in 40 patients by means of: total plasma protein, albumin, fibrinogen, serum glutamin-oxalacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, glycemic curve after glucagon and plasmatic elimination of bromosulphalein. A statistically but not clinically significant increase of the SGPT level is the only change observed.
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PMID:Some laboratory aspects of hepatic tolerability of diftalone. 57 43

One hundred and sixteen colony control dogs (purebred beagles) ranging in age from 56 to 4868 days at the time of sampling, were tested at various intervals over a 10-year period to determine the normal values of several serum constituents. The effects of sex and family line were also noted. With increasing age, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total protein, and cholesterol increased, whereas glucose, serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, iron, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin decreased. Females had significantly higher levles of urea nitrogen, iron, and cholesterol than males. Males had significantly higher serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels. The rate of increase in serum cholesterol with age was greater in males than in females. Males showed no age related changes in levels of urea nitrogen or iron, while the females showed decreasing levels. Significant differences in total protein and albumin were noted in dogs belonging to different family.
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PMID:Serum chemistry values of normal dogs (beagles): associations with age, sex, and family line. 59 88

The effect of Centchroman, 3,4-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-4-para-(beta -pyrrolidinoethocy)-phenyl-7-methorychroman, administration was investigated in normospermic and oligospermic subjects. 3 normal volunteers, aged 32-40 years, were treated with increasing doses (30, 60, and 120 mg/day, each dose for 2 weeks). The sperm count was decreased in 1 volunteer but the percentages of nonmotile and abnormal spermatozoa were increased in all 3. There was no change in plasma testosterone and urinary 17-ketosteroid (17-KS) levels but the 17-ketogenic steroids (17-KGSs) were decreased in all of them. 3 out of 5 oligospermic subjects, aged 24-35 years, who received 30 mg/day for 6 weeks revealed increased sperm counts. Plasma testosterone levels were decreased in 4, urinary 17-KGSs were decreased in 2, and 17-KSs were decreased in 1 subject. Acid phosphatase, fructose, sialic acid and glycerylphosphoryl choline levels in semen, and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and urea in blood were not markedly altered in either group.
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PMID:Effect of Centchroman administration in normospermic & oligospermic individuals. 61 11

Spontaneous renal artery embolism is not rare, but a correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Clinical features and follow-up of 17 cases are reported. Cardiac disease or arrhythmias pre-existed in 16 patients. Initial symptoms included flank pain (seven cases), abdominal or chest pain alone (seven), and nausea and vomiting (eight). Fever (greater than or equal to 37.5 degree C) occurred in 10 cases and flank tenderness in only eight. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis, proteinuria, hematuria, and elevated levels of lactic dehydrogenase, serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. Serum creatinine level exceeded 1.3 mg/dl in 88% and 4.0 mg/dl in 65%; four patients required dialysis. The diagnosis, made by scintiscan, arteriography, or both was often delayed. Renal embolization was bilateral in seven patients and unilateral in 10, with serum creatinine level above 4.0 mg/dl in five of the latter. Emboli to other organs caused early death; cardiovascular disease led to later death. With anticoagulants, renal function returned in patients surviving more than 1 month, even those with bilateral emboli. Thus, renal embolism is recognizable if the disease is considered, and a favorable outcome is common with long-term anticoagulants.
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PMID:Renal artery embolism: clinical features and long-term follow-up of 17 cases. 69 26


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