Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhesus monkey infants fed a marginally zinc-deficient diet (4 ppm) from conception through 12 mo of postnatal life were monitored for changes in hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters. These zinc-deprived (ZD) infants were compared to control infants whose mothers were fed a zinc-replete (100 ppm) diet either ad libitum (AL) or pair-fed (PF) throughout gestation and lactation. Blast transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM), was dramatically depressed in the zinc-deficient (ZD) group. Similarly, ZD infants had reduced polymorphonuclear leukocyte function as measured by chemotaxis to endotoxin-activated plasma and phagocytosis of Candida albicans. Levels of serum IgM were significantly altered in zinc-deficient infants compared to controls. Serum concentrations of IgG and IgA were similar in zinc-deficient and control infants. ZD infants also manifested a hypochromic microcytic anemia at one month of age, reduced activity of the zinc metalloenzyme alkaline phosphatase, and lower activity of SGPT.
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PMID:Studies of marginal zinc deprivation in rhesus monkeys: VI. Influence on the immunohematology of infants in the first year. 402 97

Clinical, serological and lymphocyte studies were done on 435 patients with biopsy proved anaplastic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in various clinical status, at the National Taiwan University Hospital, from January 1980 through June 1983. Studies on 134 normal control were also done. Using immunofluorescent antibody method, seropsitive rates of the antibody titers against viral capsid antigens (VCA) and early antigens (EA) of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus were 70.8%-100% for anti-VCA/IgG titers (greater than or equal to 1:640), 81.0%-100% for anti-VCA/IgA titers (greater than or equal to 1:40), 66.7%-93.8% for anti-EA/IgG titers (greater than or equal to 1:160), and 40.0%-87.5% for anti-EA/IgA titers (greater than or equal to 1:40) in NPC patients with disease. They decreased to 10.5%-21.7% in remission patients. In contrast, they were less than 5% in the control. Mean total serum IgG and IgA levels were moderately increased to around 1,500 mg/dl and 300 mg/dl respectively, in all patients. The increase was most remarkable in patients with liver metastases. In control the values were 1,211 mg/dl and 223 mg/dl, respectively. Mean serum IgM, C3 and C4 amounts of NPC patients were not significantly different from those of the normal control, the latter were 129, 80.3 and 43.2 mg/dl, respectively. Serum acid phosphatase and calcium levels of NPC patients were all in the normal range of 0.1-2.0 BU/ml and 2.0-3.0 mmol/dl, respectively. Serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and mucoprotein were elevated either alone or in combination in some patients before treatment, in many patients with neck recurrence or distant metastases, but in all patients with liver metastases. Using monoclonal antibodies (Ortho Inc., U.S.A.) to define lymphocyte subsets, B lymphocytes comprised about 12% and T lymphocytes about 60% in the patients, whereas they were 11.9% and 73.1% in the control. The helper/suppressor ratio was 1.7 in the control and about 1.0 in NPC patients, and was only 0.8 in remission patients. The lack of correlation between the seropositive rates of anti-VCA antibodies and the helper/suppressor ratio might indicate different manifestations of humoral and cellular immunity in patients with NPC.
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PMID:Humoral and cellular immunity in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 608 49

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is difficult to diagnose in its early stages. It also has frequent recurrences and/or distant metastases after radiotherapy. Extensive clinical, serological and biochemical studies were done during 1980-1982 on 351 patients to aid in the diagnosis of the disease, especially with recurrence or metastasis. Seropositive rates of the antibody titers against viral capsid antigens (VCA) and early antigens (EA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in IgG and IgA classes were 41.7%-100%. They ranked, in order of frequency: anti-VCA/IgA, anti-VCA/IgG, anti-EA/IgG, and anti-EA/IgA. Mean total serum IgG and IgA levels were moderately increased in all patients. Serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and mucoprotein were elevated either alone or in combination in a few patients before treatment, in many patients with recurrence or metastases, and in all patients with liver metastasis.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus-associated antibodies and serum biochemistry in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 609 4

The properties of the membrane associated enzyme complexes were investigated. The enzyme complexes of alkaline phosphatase, arylamidase, and L-gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase were excluded by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The electrophoretic mobility of the enzyme complexes was found to be in the alpha-1 portion and these enzyme activities were immunologically fixed by anti-IgA and anti-light chain lambda antibodies. Heterogeneity in density was observed by density gradient ultracentrifugation. The activities of membrane-associated enzymes were demonstrated in both high (d > 1.21) and low density particles (1.063 < d < 1.21), and the enzyme activities of a high density particle were immunologically fixed by anti-IgA and anti-light chain lambda antibodies. The heterogeneity in density was based on the presence of immunoglobulin A molecule in the complexes. The specificity of the immunoglobulin which was found in the enzyme complexes proved to be exclusively of the alpha heavy chain classes and lambda light chain types respectively. This isotype specificity of immunoglobulin A is similar to the specificity observed in enzyme-linked immunoglobulins, and simple non-specific binding of immunoglobulin and membrane moiety was eliminated. This isotype specificity is of interest in connection with the properties of the circulating autoantibodies.
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PMID:Membrane associated enzyme complexes containing lambda type immunoglobulin A. 610 85

Peripheral blood specimens were obtained from 50 patients with various stages of breast cancer (I-II = 7, III = 6, IV = 24, treated and NED = 13), and 20 biochemical tests were performed. There are significant differences of hemoglobin, LDH, SGPT, serum protein, albumin, and alpha globulin values between patients with early (I, II, NED) and late (III, IV) lesions. Among patients with stage IV diseases, those patients with bony metastases had significantly higher values of alkaline phosphatase, alpha-1 globulin, IgA, and C-reactive protein than those with nonosseous lesions. Neither CEA nor pregnancy-associated alpha-2 glycoprotein showed any correlation with different stages or sites of breast cancer in these small series of patients.
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PMID:Biochemical evaluation of patients with breast cancer. 617 8

The group of aged subjects being 66 to 97 years old was compared with the middle-age group with regard to various immunological and cytochemical indices related to lymphocytes and neutrophils. The aged showed a lowered count and percentage of T cells, increased count and percentage of "non-B, non-T" lymphocytes, increased percentage of B cells. These alterations in the composition of lymphocyte subpopulation were associated with characteristic patterns of damage affecting the enzyme-positive lysosomal apparatus of lymphocytes with regard to acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. There was a hundredfold smaller number of cells having intact enzyme-positive lysosomes in the aged than in the group of comparison. The changes mentioned above were also associated with the intracellular accumulation of glycogen in lymphocytes, decreased concentration of IgG and IgM in the serum and various changes in IgA concentration. Neutrophils of the aged were fewer in the blood of the aged than in younger subjects. However, an increased activity of myeloperoxidase, alkaline phosphatase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and an increased content of glycogen and lipids could be found in these cells. NBT-positive neutrophil numbers in the aged were lowered if the stimulated test was used and if there were no changes of the spontaneous test.
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PMID:Immunological and cytochemical indices of white blood cells in old age. 619 50

Serological and biochemical studies were done at the National Taiwan University Hospital, on 243 patients with biopsy-proved anaplastic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in various clinical conditions. The remarkable elevation of both IgG and IgA antibody titers against EB virus was specific for NPC patients. The seropositive rates ranged from 75% to 100% in various stages of NPC patients. Serum IgG and IgA levels were also increased moderately and nonspecifically in stages II-IV and recurrent patients. Peripheral white blood cell count was also slightly increased in these patients. Peripheral lymphocyte counts were slightly decreased in patients with neck recurrence or distant metastasis. Serum IgM, C3, C4 and Acid phosphatase levels were within normal range in all the patients. Serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase were elevated in some of patients with distant metastasis and in most of those with liver metastasis. Mucoprotein was elevated in about 10% of stage II-IV patients but in about 50% of patients with recurrent neck metastasis or distant metastasis. in conclusion, serological and biochemical examinations are important in the diagnosis of late stages and recurrence or metastasis of NPC.
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PMID:[Serological and biochemical studies in late stage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. 631 98

Forty-two cases of Ewing's sarcoma (ES) have been studied with light microscopy during the 9-year period 1974 to 1982. Thirty-three patients had ES of bone, and in 9 patients the tumor was located in the extraskeletal soft tissues. Cases which fulfilled all the morphologic criteria were accepted as typical ES (31 cases), and those with some architectural or cytologic peculiarities were considered atypical forms of ES (11 cases). An immunohistochemical study (PAP method) to evaluate the presence in the tumor cells of the following markers: myoglobin, F-VIII-related antigen, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, kappa and lambda light chains), was performed with negative results in all cases (paraffin blocks were available in 38 cases). The cytochemical study on fresh tissue imprints from five patients (PAS, Sudan Black, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, acid phosphatase, beta glucuronidase, myeloperoxidases, naphthol-AS-D chloroacetate esterase and alkaline phosphatase) gave no pattern of histogenetic significance, PAS being the best morphologic marker in tissue sections and touch preparations. A detailed ultrastructural study was performed on 34 cases; the main findings may be summarized as follows: medium sized cells, polygonal shape, oval nuclei, smooth nuclear envelope, abundant euchromatin, well-developed nucleolonema, scant membranous organelles, abundant hyaloplasmic glycogen, occasional lipid vacuoles, straight cell membranes, and primitive intercellular junctions. No differences were found between bone and extraskeletal ES; moreover, typical and atypical forms showed moderate quantitative differences with no qualitative change. The histogenesis is discussed; no functional or morphologic markers have been found to suggest the cell of origin; however, some cell lines may be excluded. It is the impression of the authors that they are dealing with a primitive noncommitted mesenchymal cell.
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PMID:On the histogenesis of Ewing's sarcoma. An ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and cytochemical study. 636 49

From the papules of a patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, we earlier isolated a mannose-rich glycoprotein that, by immunohistochemical methods, was also shown to be present in epithelial cells of small intestine and normal skin. A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay of IgG and IgM antibodies to this epithelial glycoprotein is described, in which polystyrene tubes are coated with the purified antigen. The antibodies are allowed to bind, and are detected with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-human IgG and IgM. IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were determined in the sera of patients with pemphigus, pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, several autoimmune diseases, in a patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, in coeliac disease, and in control subjects. Very high values were found in the patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, and significantly elevated values in coeliac disease. In the other patient groups values were equal to or only slightly higher than in controls.
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PMID:Enzyme immunoassay of antibodies to epithelial glycoprotein: increased level of antibodies in coeliac disease. 638 6

Pig duodeno-jejunal mucosa was maintained in organ culture for up to 24 h in Eagle's minimum essential medium containing 10% foal serum. Viability was controlled by determination of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase activity in the tissue. [14C]Leucine incorporation into proteins decreased 3-fold between 2 and 24 h. Newly synthesized secreted proteins were analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the whole culture medium. Apolipoprotein A-I specifically measured by immunoelectrophoresis represented 10-20% of newly secreted proteins. Only 10% of apolipoprotein A-I secreted was recovered with the lipoprotein fraction (d less than 1.21). Recombination of the medium with porcine lipoproteins or DMPC vesicles prior to ultracentrifugation allowed, respectively, the recovery of 40 and 80% of apolipoprotein A-I secreted. The lipoprotein fractions also contained some apolipoproteins B and C and, after DMPC recombination, an apolipoprotein of Mr 45 000, most likely apolipoprotein A-IV, representing about 3.5% of newly secreted proteins. The d greater than 1.21 fractions all contained a high Mr protein, identified as IgA, and an unidentified protein of Mr approximately 45 000. The addition of colchicine (125 microM) to the culture medium did not significantly modify either tissue enzyme activities or [14C]leucine incorporation. It reduced total secretion by about 40% between 2 and 8 h of incubation, without interfering with apolipoprotein A-I secretion, which then represented up to 35% of secretion products. This raises the question of the mode of secretion of apolipoprotein A-I, which may be related to the high proportion of its which is secreted free.
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PMID:Synthesis and secretion of apolipoproteins by pig intestinal mucosa in organ culture. Lack of inhibition of apolipoprotein A-I secretion by colchicine. 641 11


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