Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rat neutrophils added to 3H-labelled glomerular basement membrane (GBM) treated with rabbit anti-rat GBM antiserum degraded the GBM as judged by the release of 3H-labelled peptides. Cells from female animals promoted a more marked degradation than cells from males. This correlated with measurements of higher levels of elastase in granule fractions from the cells. The subcellular distributions of granule marker enzymes was found not to differ between the sexes. Levels of myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, cathepsin G, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase showed no sex-based differences. No alpha-mannosidase could be detected in the cells.
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PMID:Biochemical studies of neutrophils from male and female rats: a differential response to basement membrane treated with nephrotoxic antiserum. 284 4

A high percentage of abnormally elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase (AP) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) was found in a homogeneous population of 741 elderly subjects. The respective role of pathological and biological factors (age, sex, weight) upon the two plasma enzymatic activities has been analyzed. In disagreement with previous reports, it was observed that abnormal AP and GGT values could be readily explained by their association with specific diseases. The apparent relationship between abnormal levels of plasma AP and GGT activities and age, sex or weight reflected merely a different distribution of the pathology according to these biological parameters. In the absence of non-specific elevations of plasma AP and GGT activities with age, the usual reference values for these tests, although established on younger populations, still apply to the aged.
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PMID:Biological and pathological factors affecting plasma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the elderly. 285 32

The potential of four enzyme-based analytical systems has been compared in the second-trimester prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). Direct activity measurements were made of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP), aminopeptidase M (APM) and the intestinal isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In the fourth system the proportions of total ALP inhibited by phenylalanine and homoarginine, respectively, were assessed. Each system was applied to amniotic fluid samples from 94 pregnancies with a 1 in 4 risk of CF, divided into retrospective (36) and prospective (58) series. No system gave an absolute separation of affected from unaffected cases. Measurement of APM and intestinal ALP (phenylalanine-inhibitable ALP) gave a better detection rate for CF (35 of 41 cases, 85 per cent) than did measurement of GGTP (63 per cent) or assessment of ALP proportions (76 per cent). APM had a lower false positive rate (4 per cent) than intestinal ALP (8 per cent). For both the latter systems the detection rate of CF rose to 96 per cent (25 of 26), if gestations less than 17 weeks were excluded.
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PMID:A comparative study of microvillar enzyme activities in the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. 285 85

The activities of two microvillar enzymes, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) have been determined in amniotic fluid (AF) samples from 39 pregnancies with a 1-in-4 risk of cystic fibrosis. Seventeen of these were investigated prospectively. A reduced proportion of the fetal specific intestinal ALP isoenzyme was found in 7 of a total of 13 pregnancies with cystic fibrosis and in one pregnancy of confirmed normal outcome. Eight of the affected pregnancies were tested for AF GGTP activity and depressed levels were found in 15. None of the 3 liveborn cystic fibrosis cases in the prospective series was identified by the ALP assay although 2 had significantly reduced GGTP activity. There were several amniotic fluid samples from cases of cystic fibrosis, trisomy 18 and normal outcome which had discordant GGTP and ALP results. Four of the 6 cases of cystic fibrosis misclassified by the ALP assay had amniocentesis at 15 or 16 weeks gestation. Evidence is presented which confirms a previous suggestion that amniocentesis after 17 weeks gestation improves the predictability of the ALP isoenzyme assay for the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
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PMID:Microvillar enzyme analysis in amniotic fluid and the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. 285 84

One-hundred and fifty-nine patients intoxicated with adulterated oil in the province of Salamanca, Spain, were followed-up for 2 years from the onset of the syndrome, in 1981. Four alcoholic patients were excluded from the study. In the remaining 155 patients the liver involvement at the onset took different forms. It was acute in 12 (7%), with jaundice and/or hepatomegaly associated with cytolysis and/or cholestasis; 21 patients (13%) had evidence of cytolysis and/or cholestasis without clinical symptoms, and 29 (18%) only showed a rise in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase with normal transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels. Liver enlargement and/or jaundice subsided within 1 month in the 12 patients with clinical symptoms. However, high gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase levels persisted in 4 of them and in 5 of the 21 patients with laboratory abnormalities only. At the end of the study, this enzyme remained elevated in 6 and 7 patients respectively of these two groups and in 5 of the 29 patients with no other abnormality than a rise in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.
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PMID:[Liver disease in toxic oil syndrome. Clinical and enzymatic course]. 286 83

Addition of increasing amounts of benzyl alcohol progressively reduced the steady-state anisotropies of diphenylhexatriene and trimethylammoniumdiphenylhexatriene in brush-border membranes from rat kidney. The decrease in order of membrane lipids, equivalent for 50 mM benzyl alcohol to that produced by a rise in temperature of approx. 6 degrees C, had no effect on the activities of alkaline phosphatase or gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. On the other hand, benzyl alcohol markedly inhibited the D-glucose uptakes measured in the presence of a 100 mM sodium gradient. For concentrations less than 30 mM, benzyl alcohol reduced the Jmax without significant effects on Km, 22Na+ uptake or the vesicular volume of brush-border preparations. Comparable results were obtained substituting octanol for benzyl alcohol. Our data strongly suggest that, at constant temperature, the D-glucose carrier present in renal brush-border membranes is extremely sensitive to variations in membrane physical state.
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PMID:Effects of benzyl alcohol on enzyme activities and D-glucose transport in kidney brush-border membranes. 287 65

We studied the significance of urinary enzyme measurements in diagnosing proximal tubular damage in cirrhosis of the liver. Urinary excretion (u-enzyme) and fractional urinary excretion (FEenzyme) of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and beta-glucuronidase (B-GLU) were quantified in 14 control subjects (group I), 12 cirrhotics with functional renal failure (group II), 13 cirrhotics with renal tubular damage (group III) and 7 non-liver patients with renal tubular damage (group IV). Urinary enzyme excretion and fractional enzyme excretion were significantly higher in the cirrhotics of group III than in the controls or group II. In group III, these tests usually reached values within the range of group IV. The sensitivity of urinary enzyme excretion was 0.92 and specificity ranged from 0.75 (u-LAP) to 1 (u-GGT; u-B-GLU). The sensitivity of fractional enzyme excretion was between 0.61 (FEB-GLU) and 0.84 (FEGGT; FELAP), while specificity was from 0.91 (FELAP; FEAP) to 1 (FEGGT; FEB-GLU). The results indicate that measurement of urinary enzymes may be very useful in diagnosing renal tubular damage in cirrhotic patients with impaired renal function.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of enzymes in cirrhotics with renal failure. 287 95

The activity of a mixture of sulphadimethoxine and pyrimethamine (10:3) as prophylactic medication and prophylactic and therapeutic medication was studied in rabbits experimentally infected with Eimeria stiedai. The haematocrit index (packed cell volume) and haemoglobin levels were studied for assessment of drug toxicity. The activity in serum of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase were studied as indicators of hepatic lesions. Parasite development was followed on the basis of the presence of oocysts; other parameters were analysed in order to monitor the performance of infected animals. All the parameters studied showed that the chemoprophylactic medication provided efficient control of the infection and of the hepatic lesions. Serum AST activity was seen to be a good indicator of the effect of the drugs on the liver.
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PMID:Chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis of hepatic coccidiosis with sulphadimethoxine and pyrimethamine. 287 68

Levels of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and total, alpha 2 and alpha 1-alkaline phosphatase versus dissemination pattern and survival time were studied in patients with stage III and IV tumors of various sites. No significant changes in the activity of the said enzymes were registered in cases of single hepatic metastasis and metastasis-free liver. A slight increase in the enzymes' activity was observed in patients with pronounced liver involvement within months 10-4 before death. That was followed by a sharp and marked (3-4 times normal) rise in the levels during months 4-3. Changes in enzyme activity within the terminal 12 months were described with the aid of polynoms on the basis of regression analysis. A correlation between liver mass and degree of rise in serum enzymes levels was established.
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PMID:[Serum alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in metastatic malignant tumors]. 287 85

The pathology of experimental Eimeria stiedai infection in 2- and 4-month-old rabbits raised coccidia-free was studied. Over 50 days of infection, the serum activities of aspartate (AST) and alanine (ALT) aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP) were analyzed as indicators of hepatic lesions and total serum globulins with respect to the immune response of the host; parasite development was followed by oocyst output; weight gain, food intake and relative liver weight were analyzed to control the performance of infected animals. The age of the host strongly affected parasite development and consequently the biochemical and zootechnical parameters differed more markedly in the younger animals; however, the enzyme ALT showed an increase independent of parasite development, and infection did not affect GGTP activity. The increase in age was responsible for resistance of rabbits to hepatic coccidiosis and older animals were less affected than young ones.
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PMID:The effect of the host's age on the pathology of Eimeria stiedai infection in rabbits. 288 69


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