Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fractionation of serum alkaline phosphatase by either biochemical or electrophoretic techniques is often insufficient to determine the source of the elevated serum enzyme. In 31 unselected patients with high serum alkaline phosphatase a simultaneous determination of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and urinary hydroxyproline excretion rates was performed, in addition to urea denaturation and L-phenylalanine inhibition tests. Of 25 patients with definite diagnosis, the urea denaturation test correctly identified the source of the elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in 16 (64 percent). The serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) alone predicted the correct diagnosis in 64 percent of the cases and the urinary hydroxyproline (HOP) alone in 69 percent. When all three tests were performed simultaneously, the combination of results identified the source of the ALP in 88 percent of the cases. It is believed that this combination offers better sensitivity and specificity than any of the three tests used individually.
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PMID:A supplement to alkaline phosphatase fractionations: utilization of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and hydroxyproline assays. 2 40

The effects of experimental infections with Fasciola hepatica of ovine and bovine origin in homologous and heterologous hosts and in uninfected controls were compared; groups comprised 5 animals each. The effects of the infections were monitored by biweekly determinations of packed cell volumes (PCV), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), serum iron, bilirubin levels, alkaline phosphatase (AlP) and total serum protein levels. Infected animals showed changes in SGOT, SGPT and GGT activity levels, and GGT activity levels, and infected lambs showed changes in PCV and AlP. However, no no significant differences in these serum levels between infected host groups were attributable to fluke strain. At necropsy, calves infected with ovine and bovine strains on an average had about the same number of flukes, but lambs infected with a high dose of the bovine strain on the average had nearly twice the number of flukes as those infected with ovine strain. Weight gains did not differ within host groups; liver damage was extensive in all infected animals. On the basis of these experiments, the pathogenicity of the ovine and the bovine strains of F. hepatica appears to be the same.
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PMID:Experimental cross infections of Fasciola hepatica in lambs and calves. 2 89

Combinations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), pregnancy-associated macroglobulin (PAM) and placenta-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) were studied in groups of patients with ovarian and cervical cancer. In ovarian cancer, only CEA and PLAP levels appeared to reflect tumor burden and were complementary in detecting active disease. In cervical cancer, CEA and GGT reflected tumor burden, while PLAP showed just the reverse--the highest degree of positivity being present in minimal disease. PLAP positivity was even more pronounced in patients with cervical dysplasia and carcinoma in situ while CEA and GGT were negative. The data indicate that the use of marker combinations can improve our capacity to detect minimal disease and provide information regarding tumor biology that may not be available by studying individual markers or by other means. It remains to be determined whether the use of tumor markers can influence existing therapy sufficiently to alter the outcome in cancers which are notoriously difficult to treat.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and other tumor markers in ovarian and cervical cancer. 3 May 36

An unusual nodular lesion of the liver is reported. The appearances closely resembled those described in cases referred to as partial nodular transformation, but there were several unusual features; these included areas with the appearances of cirrhosis, and significantly raised alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. Differentiation of this condition from other nodular lesions described in the literature is discussed. In the case reported here the Rose Waaler and Latex tests were also positive and this may be significant in view of certain types of nodular conditions described in some rheumatoid conditions. Although it is quite possible that these various lesions are related histogenetically, until more information becomes available, it is proposed that the lesion described here represents a variant of partial nodular transformation in which the changes in some areas have progressed to a stage of fibrosis.
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PMID:An unusual nodular lesion of the liver: probable partial nodular transformation. 3 29

Serum activities of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, and alkaline phosphatase were determined in children on long-term treatment with aminopyrine. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity was increased up to 15 times above the upper normal limit in children, who received aminopyrine for two weeks or longer. Livers of rats treated with aminopyrine (600 mg/kg/day for 18 to 25 days) had an exceedingly increased activity of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and a slightly elevated microsomal cytochrome P-450 content. Apparently isolated enhancement of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase during aminopyrine medication represents a drug-induced increase of microsomal liver enzymes without clinical relevance and without evidence of damage of liver cells.
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PMID:Aminopyrine--an effective modifier of liver and serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. 23 64

Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD), ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT), alanine aminotransferase (AlT), aspartate aminotransferase (AsT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were assayed in 67 alcoholics and 40 drug dependent patients. Bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and globulin were also measured. GGTP elevation was observed in 48% of alcoholics and in 50% of drug dependents. The incidences of elevated levels of other enzymes were: ICD 39 and 38-7%; OCT 23-7 and 36-1%; AlT 30 and 33%; AsT 24-2 and 21-7%; ALP 10-4 and 5% respectively. Measurement of GGTP is thus more useful as a screening test for involvement of the liver in alcoholics and drug dependent patients than that of the other enzymes.
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PMID:Serum enzyme levels in alcoholism and drug dependency. 23 23

Serum bile acids were measured in 28 patients with established liver disease. The peak serum level after a meal was as sensitive an index of liver disease as a combination of serum bilirubin, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and was more often abnormal than any one of the four tests. Serum bile acid measurements may be of most value in detecting cirrhosis when the activity of disease is minimal.
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PMID:Serum bile acids and rountine liver function tests in patients with chronic liver disease and cholestasis. 28 16

A new synthetic progestagen, Org 2969 (13-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-17-ol) was administered to 9 healthy normally menstruating women. 3 subjects (Group 1) ingested .030 mg, while 6 (Group 2) ingested .015 mg of the compound daily on Days 1-20 of 1 menstrual cycle. The previous menstrual cycle served as control. Serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and estradiol analyzed on the Days 8-23 showed that all the treatment cycles of Group 1 were anovulatory and 2 subjects from Group 2 had ovulatory cycles. Serum activities of aspartase amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and bilirubin concentration determined on Days 8, 15, and 23 did not reveal any change in liver function. Serum cortisol measured on Days 8 and 23 remain unchanged. 1 subject from Group 1 and 3 from Group 2 experienced bleeding irregularities.
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PMID:Ovulation inhibition by a new low-dose progestagen. 33 60

The Olympus "Quickrate", a photometer built for both kinetic and end point analysis was evaluated in this laboratory. Aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were measured in the kinetic mode and glucose, urea, total protein, albumin, bilirubin, calcium and iron in the end point mode. Overall, good correlation was observed with routine methodologies and the precision of the methods was acceptable. An electrical evaluation was also performed. In our hands, the instrument proved to be simple to use and gave no trouble. It should prove useful for paediatric and emergency work, and as a back up for other analysers.
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PMID:An evaluation of the Olympus "Quickrate" analyser. 44 89

Admission serum triiodothyronine (T3) values in 124 patients hospitalized for alcoholic liver disease were correlated with clinical and laboratory indices of liver function and commonly used determinants of thyroid function. Patients with low admission serum T3 levels had significant alterations in serum albumin, bilirubin, prothrombin time, and alkaline phosphatase associated with clinical signs of portal hypertension and collateral circulation, with little difference in serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, or serum ornithine carbamyl transferase. This group also had a significant decrease in free T3 index despite an increase in T3 uptake; the slight reduction in total thyroxine (T4) was associated with an increase in free T4 index and no change in serum thyrotropin (TSH). For patients with alcoholic liver disease, low admission serum T3 and free T3 index values when accompanied by normal serum T4, free T4 index, and TSH levels appear to be indicative of severe liver dysfunction and increased mortality risk.
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PMID:Serum triiodothyronine and other clinical and laboratory indices of alcoholic liver disease. 46 36


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