Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-two consecutive patients were observed with the use of various biochemical and physiologic parameters. Attention was focused upon liver function, using serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin determinations as well as the plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green. No difference was noted in serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels between survivors and nonsurvivors. However, there was a significant difference between these two groups as measured by the plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green. A distinct cut-off point was present, and no survivor ever had a plasma disappearance rate of less than 6 per cent per minute.
Surg Gynecol Obstet 1979 Dec
PMID:Indocyanine green clearance in critically ill patients. 38 3

After isolation of the hamster small intestine, the effects of a continuous infusion of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) are studied. Several enzymic activities are measured in the intestinal lumen and compared with the level found in the intestinal homogenate. During CCK-PZ infusion we observed a direct stimulation of Paneth cells associated with an increase of lysozyme activity. Furthermore this work confirms the stimulating effect of CCK-PZ on alkaline phosphatase and amino-peptidase. Maltase and sucrase levels were unaffected. The liberation of the hydrolase of the brush border in the intestinal lumen is negligible and cannot be considered as a true secretion. Only granule content of Paneth cells is actually secreted. However, biochemical data, corroborated by morphological results, suggest that Paneth cell secretion could in part be absorbed on the outer surface of the brush border.
Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttg) 1979 Dec
PMID:Comparative effects of CCK-PZ on certain intestinal hydrolases in the mucosa and in the luminal content of the hamster jejuno-ileum. 39 57

The effect of lead nitrate on the digestive system of a teleost fish, Channa punctatus has been studied after 125 days of exposure to a sublethal concentration (6.8 mg/liter). The results show that considerable degenerative changes are produced in the histological structure of liver, intestine, and pyloric caeca. In the liver, the damage is in the form of liver cord disarray, necrosis, inflammation of portal areas, hardening of connective tissue, shrinkage of nuclei, and septa formation around blood vessels. No fatty infiltration or glycogen depletion has been observed. Lipofuscin granules accumulated in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. In the intestine and pyloric caeca flattening of villi at a number of places, inflammation, and necrosis are the most conspicuous changes. The activities of alkaline phosphatase and aminotripeptidase are inhibited in the liver. In stomach, alkaline phosphatase is inhibited but an elevation in amylase activity was noted. Acid phosphatase showed an increase in the intestine and pyloric caeca while aminotripeptidase and glycylglycine dipeptidase were inhibited.
Environ Res 1978 Dec
PMID:Histopathological and enzymological studies on the effects of chronic lead nitrate intoxication in the digestive system of a freshwater teleost, Channa punctatus. 40 Sep 74

The effect of intestinal bacterial over-growth on brush border hydrolases and brush border glycoproteins was studied in nonoperated control rats, control rats with surgically introduced jejunal self-emptying blind loops, and rats with surgically introduced jejunal self-filling blind loops. Data were analyzed from blind loop segments, segments above and below the blind loops, and three corresponding segments in the nonoperated controls. Rats with self-filling blind loops had significantly greater fat excretion than controls and exhibited significantly lower conjugated:free bile salt ratios in all three segments. Maltase, sucrase, and lactase activities were significantly reduced in homogenates and isolated brush borders from the self-filling blind loop, but alkaline phosphatase was not affected. The relative degradation rate of homogenate and brush border glycoproteins was assessed by a double-isotope technique involving the injection of d-[6-(3)H]glucosamine 3 h and d-[U-(14)C]glucosamine 19 h before sacrifice, and recorded as a (3)H:(14)C ratio. The relative degradation rate in both homogenate and brush border fractions was significantly greater in most segments from rats with self-filling blind loops. In the upper and blind loop segments from rats with self-filling blind loops, the (3)H:(14)C ratios were higher in the brush border membrane than in the corresponding homogenates, indicating that the increased rates of degradation primarily involve membrane glycoproteins. Incorporation of d-[6-(3)H]glucosamine by brush border glycoproteins was not reduced in rats with self-filling blind loops, suggesting that glycoprotein synthesis was not affected. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of brush border glycoproteins from the contaminated segments indicated that the large molecular weight glycoproteins, which include many of the surface hydrolases, were degraded most rapidly. Brush border maltase, isolated by immunoprecipitation, had (3)H:(14)C ratios characteristic of the most rapidly degraded glycoproteins. The results indicate that bacteria enhance the destruction of intestinal surface glycoproteins including disaccharidases. Since alkaline phosphatase, a glycoprotein, is not affected, the destruction is selective and presumably involves only the most exposed membrane components.
J Clin Invest 1977 Dec
PMID:Pathogenesis of mucosal injury in the blind loop syndrome. Brush border enzyme activity and glycoprotein degradation. 41 Aug 30

Histochemical techniques applied at the ultrastructural level have clearly established the periplasmic space as the site of alkaline phosphatase activity in Plectonema boryanum. Considerable enzyme activity is found after the organism is placed in a phosphate-free medium for 5 days. This activity is found only in the cellular fraction of the culture with no activity present in the culture medium. Localization of the site of enzyme activity in cells was investigated by a modification of the method of Costerton. Unfixed cells were reacted with calcium nitrate, which acts as the initial capture reagent. After this deposition, the cells were suspended in 2% lead nitrate to convert the calcium phosphate to more electron-dense lead phosphate. The majority of activity appears associated with layer 3 (periplasmic space) of the cell wall.
J Bacteriol 1977 Dec
PMID:Ultrastructural localization of alkaline phosphatase in the blue-green bacterium Plectonema boryanum. 41 86

Subjects (109) with symptomatic Paget's disease of bone were treated with 5, 10, or 20 mg of sodium etidronate (EHDP)/kg body weight - day for 6 to 24 months. Significant decreases in serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline were noted after 6 months of therapy; no significant further improvement resulted after prolonged therapy. Some patients maintained biochemical remission after withdrawal of EHDP but others showed a relapse, related primarily to the pretreatment severity. Clinical improvement was noted in 61% of the patients. Similar findings were seen after a second course of EHDP. No side-effects were noted in patients treated with 5 mg of EHDP/kg body weight - day. In patients treated with 10 or 20 mg of EHDP/kg body weight - day, severe diarrhea, bone pain, and nontraumatic fractures were noted in 3, 13, and 12 patients respectively. Quantitative histomorphometry showed mineralization delay in patients receiving 10 or 20 mg of EHDP/kg body weight - day but not in those receiving 5 mg/kg body weight - day. Five milligrams of EHDP/kg body weight - day was effective and appears to be safer than the higher doses.
Ann Intern Med 1977 Dec
PMID:Sodium etidronate in the treatment of Paget's disease of bone. A study of long-term results. 41 50

Human pancreatic DNase I was purified extensively from duodenal juice of healthy subjects by a procedure including ammonium sulfate fractionation, ethanol fractionation, phosphocellulose fractionation, isoelectric focusing, and gel filtration. The final preparation was free of DNase II, pancreatic RNase, alkaline phosphatase, and protease. The enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 30,000, as determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, and showed maximum activity at pH 7.2-7.6. It required divalent cations for activity, and caused single-strand breaks by endonucleolytic attack on double- as well as single-stranded DNA molecules. The enzyme was inhibited by actin and bovine pancreatic DNase I antibody.
J Biochem 1977 Dec
PMID:Purification and properties of human pancreatic deoxyribonuclease I. 41 31

Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAKS-I which are defective in the formation of extracellular protease activity have been characterized. The mutants produced between approximately 1 and 25% of the protease activity of the wild type and no strains completely lacking extracellular protease were found, even after repeated mutagen treatment. Most mutants also had changed activities of extracellular staphylolytic enzyme, lipase and lecithinase. Four of 13 mutants were unable to release alkaline phosphatase and staphylolytic enzyme into the medium in contrast to the wild type. Serotype, phage type and biochemical reactions were essentially unchanged. The results indicate that some of the mutations affected the cell envelope structure of function leading to decreased ability to release extracellular proteins, and that other mutations possibly affected a common regulatory mechanism for extracellular enzymes.
J Gen Microbiol 1977 Dec
PMID:Protease-deficient mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: pleiotropic changes in activity of other extracellular enzymes. 41 77

In alloxan diabetes, serum GOT, GPT, and ceruloplasmin were significantly increased compared to normal rats, while the level of serum alkaline phosphatale was decreased. Treatment with insulin led to lowering of serum GOT, GPT, and ceruloplasmin while serum alkaline phosphatase remained low. Then lycanol or daonil were used for treatment, serum GOT, GPT, and ceruloplasmin were changes towards normalization, while ceruloplasmin returned to normal values. Serum-alkaline phosphatase increased after 7 and 14 days from treatment with oral hypolygylcaemic drugs. In dithizonized diabetic animals, the levels of serum GOT, GPT, and alkaline phosphatase were found to be higher than normal, while ceruloplasmin levels were unchanged. After treatment with insulin all serum enzyme activities were normalized.
Z Ernahrungswiss 1977 Dec
PMID:Serum enzyme changes in experimental diabetes before and after treatment with some hypoglycaemic drugs. 41 44

We have selected for this study a well-defined group of patients with moderately advanced but compensated alcoholic cirrhosis. They were well-nourished and had no ascites, varices, azotemia, or encephalopathy. Liver biopsy showed little or no necrosis and inflammation despite wide-spread fibrosis. Serum bilirubin, transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, albumin and globulins were essentially normal. Biochemical evidence for liver disease was restricted to modest elevation of BSP retention, gamma GTP, serum bile acid concentrations, and urinary bile acid excretion. Except for changes in the interrelationships among the three biliary lipids, they were generally spared the abnormalities of sterol metabolism described in other patients with more advanced, more active liver disease. Thus, striking abnormalities in the metabolism of cholesterol and bile acids probably require severe reductions in functioning hepatocellular mass, major portal-systemic shunting, high disease activity, or all three to become manifest.
Gastroenterology 1979 Dec
PMID:Cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in moderately advanced, stable cirrhosis of the liver. 49 6


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