Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Altogether 108 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH) were examined. Of these, 14 patients (13%) presented with the cholestatic pattern of AAH, 45 with extrahepatic cholestasis, and 45 were healthy. As compared with the total patients' group with AAH, the patients with the cholestatic form consumed alcohol in greater amounts. Due to intensive jaundice, 50% of the patients were admitted by error to the infectious clinic and 32% to the surgical one. The disease runs a comparatively grave course, the general conditions gets deteriorated, the body temperature rises, the patient senses pains in the right hypochondrium, skin pruritus is lacking. As compared with other patterns of cholestasis, cholestatic AAH is characterized by a higher thymol test, higher levels of cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, activation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and aspartate aminotransferase and by a lower level of leukocytes, bilirubin, free fatty acids and alkaline phosphatase. Verification of the diagnosis demands the use of certain up-to-date instrumental methods. To identify the cause of cholestasis, great diagnostic significance is attached to echography.
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PMID:[Clinico-laboratory characteristics of the cholestatic form of acute alcoholic hepatitis]. 263 92

Health examinations of 108 workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) at a Japanese chemical plant were carried out in 1979. The polymerization of vinyl chloride was started at the plant in 1949. In this study, the highest concentration of VCM in autoclaves was determined to be 250 ppm in 1961. However, the workers at the plant had been exposed to higher concentrations of VCM several times before 1960. More recent VCM exposure was considered negligible. Examinations assessed data on age, height, weight, obesity index, sake consumption, VCM exposure concentration, latent period, cumulative exposure, ICG (indocyano green test), serum bilirubin, GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase), A1-P (alkaline phosphatase), GGT(gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), ZTT (zinc turbidity test), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), cholesterol, TTT (thymol turbidity test), A/G (albumin globulin ratio), and thrombocytes. Variation in VCM exposure did not affect tests of pigment excretion from the liver, such as ICG; thrombocytes; and enzyme activity (such as GPT); nor bilirubin or flocculation reaction in serum.
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PMID:Early detection and signs of hepatoangiosarcoma among vinyl chloride workers. 302 84

In a series of 10 healthy pigs, the normal ranges of the following biochemical parameters in blood serum were assessed: creatinine, urea, mineralogram (Na, K, Cl), uric acid, bilirubin, total protein, cholesterol, blood lipid level, thymol turbidity reaction and activities of alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase and transaminases. The changes of these values were followed up in two pigs after bilateral nephrectomy and in 18 pigs subjected to orthotopic allotransplantation of the kidneys. The examination confirmed that creatinine and urea are the most important values with a prognostic impact. However, other biochemical values signalize also renal dysfunction. In the mineralogram, values of Na and K ions are important indicators. Deterioration of renal functions was associated as a rule with a decline of alpha-amylase and alkaline phosphatase. The other examinations did not display any marked changes during renal damage.
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PMID:Changes of clinical biochemical values after bilateral nephrectomy and allotransplantation of the kidney in pigs. 304 68

Examined were 42 CS2-exposed subjects, 34 CV-exposed subjects and 14 healthy people (control group) with no exposure to chemicals that might change the hepatic microsomal enzymes activity. All the subjects underwent antipyrine test (clearance and plasma half-time). The activities of AspAT and AlAT aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl-transferase, and the value of thymol test and BSP were determined. Furthermore, in CV-exposed subjects, the organic clearance for N 2,4-dimethyl-acetanilide-iminodiacetic acid was determined. It was demonstrated that the mean value of antipyrine clearance was significantly reduced in CS2-exposed group, whereas in CV-exposed subjects the mean clearance value differed significantly from the control group value. The pathological values of antipyrine clearance were found in 12 CS2-exposed and only in 3 CV-exposed subjects. Pathological findings of the Hepida test were found in 3 CV-exposed subjects who exhibited normal antipyrine clearance values. This would imply that the Hepida test detects disturbances of different type in hepatic cells functioning, as compared to the antipyrine test. The studies confirmed that the antipyrine test performed in a simplified version (a single biological sampling) bears the same reference value for the detection of disturbances in hepatic microsomal enzymes as the traditional version of the test calling for repeated collection of blood or saliva.
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PMID:[Evaluation of the functional status of hepatic microsomal enzymes in workers exposed to carbon dioxide and vinyl chloride by using the antipyrine test]. 311 36

The Jirgl flocculation test has been compared with the combination of the thymol reactions and serum alkaline phosphatase determination recommended by Maclagan in the investigation of 68 patients with jaundice. The test was found to be of value in distinguishing biliary obstruction from other causes of jaundice, but failed to distinguish between extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary obstruction. Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase estimations were performed in a number of cases, but were found to be of no value in the diagnosis of jaundice.
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PMID:Value of the Jirgl flocculation test in the diagnosis of jaundice. 584 11

The purpose of this study is establish the physiological values of serum colloid reaction and serum enzyme activities representing the liver function. 1,732 industrial workers (1,035 males aged 35-65 yr, and 697 females aged 35-60 yr) were examined by the serum zinc sulfate turbidity test (ZTT) and serum thymol turbidity test (TTT) according to the standard method of "The Japanese society of gastroenterology," serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by Kind-King method, serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) by the modified Orlowski method, and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) by UV method. Then frequency distributions, geometric means, several percentile values of these six laboratory data and correlations among the values were determined. The results are as follows: 1) Frequency distributions of serum ZTT, TTT, ALP, gamma-GTP, GOT, and GPT almost fitted to the log-normal distribution. 2) Geometric means and 0-95th percentile or 5-95th percentile values in bracket were 6.6 (3.7-11.7) Kunkel unit for ZTT in male, 8.2 (5.1-13.0) Kunkel unit for ZTT in female, 0.6 (0-2.8) Kunkel unit for TTT in male, 0.8 (0-2.8) Kunkel unit for TTT in female, 6.6 (4.1-10.4) King-Armstrong unit for ALP in male, 5.5 (3.2-8.9 for 49 year or less, 4.6-10.3 for 50 yr or more) King-Armstrong unit for ALP in female, 15.8 (0-45) mU/ml for gamma-GTP in male, 8.4 (0-17 for 44 yr or less, and 0-20 for 45 yr or more) mU/ml for gamma-GTP in female, 21.4 (0-39) Karmen unit for GOT in male, 20.8 (0-35) Karmen unit for GOT in female, 13.9 (0-29) Karmen unit for GPT in male, and 12.7 (0-32) Karmen unit for GPT in female. 3) Serum ZTT and TTT levels were higher in female than in male. Both ALP and gamma-GTP levels were higher in male than in female, and have become high according to aging in female. Serum level of GPT was higher in male than in female. 4) There were significant positive correlations between serum ZTT and serum TTT levels, and also between serum GOT and serum GPT levels.
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PMID:[Investigations on physiological values of blood in industrial workers. Report 3. Serum colloid reaction and enzyme activity values]. 612 36

The following recommendations are to be given for the basis diagnosis of hepatitis: --In the blood donation and blood transfusion institutions the control of the donors is performed by means of the combination ALAT and HBs-antigen (transmigration electrophoresis); depending on methods limits were established showing a high diagnostic specificity. Thus, no doubt, the diagnostic sensitivity is decreased, but the number of the examined persons with falsely positive findings probably diminishes. --For the diagnostics in the clinic the parameters ALAT, ASAT, bilirubin and the thymol turbidity test are at the disposal as criteria of the liver cell damage as well as AP (alkaline phosphatase), AAP and GGT as criteria of the cholostasis and the thymol turbidity test, serum protein including immunoglobulins as criteria of the mesenchymal reaction. The reference areas must be established method-specifically corresponding to the interrogation of the physician. --The isoenzymes of the ALD, the ASAT and the LDH represent an essential enrichment of the diagnostic and prognostic estimation of hepatitis. But at present it is not yet possible to determine these parameters in routine work. However, there gradual introduction into practice should be the aim.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of acute hepatitis]. 613 83

Forty-three persons chronically exposed to vinyl chloride were examined. In their blood serum activity of AlAT and AspAT aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, concentration of total protein and electrophoretic fraction, thymol test value, concentration of ferrum, latent and total ability of ferrum binding, and transferrin ferrum saturation coefficient were determined. In addition, determined were bromsulphtaleinic test and J-131 labelled Bengal red test; furthermore, protein synthesis index was determined, using the Se-75 labelled selenemethionine. The test group, as compared to correct values, exhibited a significant increase in Fe concentration in serum, significantly prolonged Bengal rose decay halftime in blood, and statistically significant decrease in the rate of plasma protein synthesis. The greatest percentage of pathological results was that of the index of protein synthesis rate (50%), T1/2 of CBJ-131 activity decay (39.5%), transferrin ferrum saturation coefficient (30.4%), concentration of Fe (26.1%) and gammaglobuline (24.3%) in serum. A considerable part of the reduced protein synthesis index in the test group of workers pointed to its usability for detecting early disturbances in liver functioning.
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PMID:[Liver function tests and various biochemical parameters in the blood serum of workers chronically exposed to vinyl chloride]. 653 Sep 51

The blood biochemistry of 84 young homozygous sickle cell patients aged 1 to 11 years was analysed for evidence of liver disease. A comparison of the values found in their blood with those seen in normal children from an identical age group, assessed at the same time, shows no convincing evidence of liver cell damage except in 12% of cases. The normal transaminase observed in many of the patients assessed, together with the high alkaline phosphatase activity which seemed to be out of proportion to plasma bilirubin, is a picture compatible with localised obstructive lesions of the liver or bone lesions, both of which are common in sickle cell disease. This biochemical pattern suggests that the conjugated bilirubin, which dominates the picture in 40% of patients who have 'haemolytic jaundice', is due largely, not to liver cell damage, but to a combination of two factors, namely, intrahepatic cholestasis and the presence of actively functioning liver cells. Adequate albumin synthesis found in these patients, together with normal thymol reactions, provides further evidence of the absence of severe liver cell damage.
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PMID:Liver function and the diagnostic significance of biochemical changes in the blood of African children with sickle cell disease. 743 Mar 68

We studied the effects on 25 analytes of duration of contact of serum with non-anticoagulated blood and of temperature. Serum was separated after blood was allowed to stand, for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, or 48 h at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C. Results obtained for bilirubin, albumin, zinc sulfate turbidity, thymol turbidity, cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), leucine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1), amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), total cholesterol, triglycerides, beta-lipoprotein, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) were not influenced by storage at 4, 24, or 30 degrees C for as long as 48 h. Negligible differences were seen for potassium in sera in contact with cells as long as 24 h at 23 degrees C and for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 4 degrees C. However, at 4 degrees C we noted an increase at 8 h, a slight decrease at 30 degrees C. Statistically significant changes were seen for total protein and calcium after 48 h at 30 degrees C; for aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C and as soon as 6 h at 30 degrees C; for lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) after 8 h at 30 degrees C and between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C; for glucose at 24, 4, or 2 h of storage at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C, respectively; for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 23 degrees C or 8 h at 30 degrees C; for potassium after 4 h at 4 degrees C or 24 h at 30 degrees C; and for sodium after 48 h at 4 degrees C or 6 h at 23 or 30 degrees C.
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PMID:Serum-constituents analyses: effect of duration and temperature of storage of clotted blood. 744 20


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