Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of two sequential therapies using mestranol as an estrogen and chlormadinone acetate and norethisterone acetate, respectively, as a gestagen on the aminotransferase (GOT and GPT), alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase activities, the cholesterol, total bilirubin and total protein contents and the indocyanine green (Ujoviridin, VEB Chemiekombinat Bitterfeld) half-life were studied in two groups, each comprising 12 women of fertile age. The serum protein was separated by paper electrophoresis and both the thymol turbidity and zinc sulphate tests were performed during the first treatment cycle. An estrogen-induced rise in alanine aminotransferase (GPT) activity from 6.31 U/liter to 12.14 U/liter was observed during application of the mestranol/chlormadinone acetate therapy. The value dropped to 5.34 U/liter when chlormadinone acetate was administered as a gestagen in addition to the estrogen. No significant changes were noted in the other biochemical parameters. Sequential therapy involving application of mestranol and norethisterone acetate produced only statistically secured rises in the alpha 1-globulin content and the GPT activity. All other changes in the different parameters remained within the normal range and were statistically insignificant.
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PMID:Studies on liver function under the influence of oral contraceptives. 8 70

A prospective study of the natural history of acute hepatitis B was performed in 38 patients. Fatigue started median 4 weeks, abdominal symptoms median 3 weeks and signs of cholestasis median 2.5 weeks before peak SGPT values were reached. Extrahepatic manifestations occurred throughout the prodromal stage, the presence of arthropathy, urticaria or skin rashes was not related to the biochemical severity of liver disease. The higher the the maximal values of serum bilirubin and/or the older the patient, the longer the period of bilirubin elevation; a maximal bilirubin elevation less than 20 X the upper limit of normal was associated with normalisation of serum bilirubin within 6 weeks. No such correlations were found between the height of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, thymol turbidity and cholesterol levels and the subsequent duration of their abnormality. The elevation of alkaline phosphatase as well as the abdominal complaints might partly be caused by gastro-intestinal involvement. Immobilisation before peak SGPT was attained was associated with normalisation of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels within 8 weeks after peak levels. 37 patients recovered completely. In one HBs-antigenemia and slight SGPT elevation persisted. Long term follow up was possible in 33 patients for 4 to 7 years, median 5 years.
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PMID:Natural history of acute hepatitis B in previously healthy patients: A prospective study. 27 Aug 89

Liver function tests were performed in severe and mild diabetic rats and under the influence of ATP. In mild diabetics the serum cholesterol was significantly increased, while in severe diabetes the serum cholesterol was significantly lower than in mild diabetes. The decreased serum cholesterol in severe diabetes may be an indication for the development of fatty liver. The serum alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin were significantly increased in both the severe and mild diabetic states, while the thymol turbidity test was insignificantly changed in both states of diabetes. Serum albumin was significantly decreased in 10 days mild diabetes, while it was insignificantly changed in 48 hrs severe diabetic animals. The effect of ATP was investigated in mild diabetes. ATP resulted in a significant increase in serum albumin and a decrease in total globulins with the resultant increase in A/G ratio. The serum alkaline phosphatase exhibited a significant reduction under the influence of ATP. The elevated cholesterol of mild diabetic rats remained significantly elevated and was not reduced by ATP, though the fat content of the liver showed a significant reduction. This may be due to more rapid mobilisation of fat from the liver under the influence of ATP. ATP showed no significant effect on serum bilirubin and thymol turbidity test. the histopathological examination of the liver revealed that administration of ATP to alloxan diabetic rats had a beneficial effect. It resulted in disappearrance of the fat globules from the liver cells.
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PMID:Effect of ATP on liver function tests in experimental diabetes. 65 50

The thymol turbidity test (Macglan's test) and the determination of serum cholesterol are still performed routinely as liver function tests in many laboratories. In this report, we have employed quantitative methods in order to evaluate the real usefulness of these two parameters. In a first step, the value of the thymol test and of cholesterol determination for the discrimination of the 13 most frequent hepato-biliary diseases was studied by analysis of variance, and compared to that of the following tests : serum bilirubin, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase serum protein electrophoresis and prothrombin time. It was found that of all these parameters, the thymol test and cholesterol measurement had the lowest discriminatory powers. In a second step, the consequences of the suppression of the two tests were examined by linear discrimination analysis, which was done for all the possible pairs of diseases. It appeared that in each case, the loss of information due to the elimination of the thymol test or of cholesterol determination was nil or negligible. We conclude therefore that the thymol turbidity test and determination of serum cholesterol should be abandoned as routine tests of liver function.
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PMID:The thymol turbidity test and determination of serum cholesterol : two tests to abandon in the routine evaluation of liver function. 74 55

Fifty-one leprosy patients receiving long-term clofazimine have undergone systematic clinical laboratory testing in a search for any toxicity secondary to the drug. In approximately 220 patient-years of observation and in analyzing approximately 40,000 test results, no statistically significant changes in the direction of abnormality have been observed in SGOT, thymol turbidity, serum globulins, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, white blood cell count or differential, hematocrit, hemoglobin, BUN, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum albumin, serum potassium, serum calcium, stool for occult blood, routine urinalysis, or reticulocyte count. Statistically significant changes toward abnormality were found in fasting blood sugar and total serum bilirubin. These statistically significant changes in the direction of abnormality were of a small magnitude, were not associated with related clinical signs or symptoms, and do not seem to be of major clinical significance. Despite the accumulation of relatively massive amounts of the drug in various tissues, clofazimine appears remarkably free of serious or life-threatening toxicity clinically. Although the skin and gastrointestinal side effects of clofazimine limit its usefulness, on the evidence to date, its advantages outweigh its disadvantages in those leprosy patients for whom it is indicated.
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PMID:Long-term clinical toxicity studies with clofazimine (B663) in leprosy. 82 10

The carried out investigations on 70 patients with epidemic hepatitis, 52 of them treated with prednisolon and 18-symptomatically revealed the following: the normal alkaline phosphatase, established prior to the treatment, was elevated with the applied prednisolon treatment and showed no significant alteration in the patients without cortico-therapy. No correlation was found between leukocyte alkaline phosphatase and serum alkaline phosphatase transaminase, serum bilirubin and thymol test. No relationship was found between the severity of the ailment course and the leukocyte alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:[Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in epidemic hepatitis]. 89 26

The presence or absence of autoantibodies in acute hepatitis B was investigated longitudinally in a prospective study of 38 patients, 37 of whom recovered completely. Antibodies to nuclei, bile canaliculi or mitochondria were not found in any of the 354 investigated sera. Smooth muscle antibody (SMA) was present in 23 patients for median 4 weeks and from (median) -1 to +3 weeks from peak SGPT. Titers reached from 1:10 to 1:400, with a median of 1:50. In the patient with persistent HBs-antigenemia, SMA - present in low titer (1:10) - persisted as well. Besides smooth muscle cells, other localisations were: glomerular (15 patients), around hepatocytes ('polygonal' 11 pts), around renal tubuli (10) and in the gastric mucosal layer (8). These fluorescence patterns, the presence of which was not correlated to the SMA titer height, disappeared either earlier than or simultaneously with smooth muscle cellular fluorescence. A maximal titer greater than 1:50 was associated with a thymol turbidity ten times the upper limit of normal or more (i.e. greater than 25 S-H U) and with the peak serumgammaglobulin about simultaneously with peak SGPT. The presence of SMA was not correlated with extrahepatic manifestations nor with the peak values attained for ESR, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase or bilirubin.
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PMID:A longitudinal study on the occurrence of autoantibodies in the course of acute hepatitis B. 93 May 34

A series of 107 patients with hepatosis of pregnancy and 61 controls with normal pregnancy is reported. The delivery and the condition of the infant were the main objects of investigation. The hepatosis group was also examined for liver function, glucose tolerance, and daily urinary oestrogen. The duration of the first stage of delivery was found to be slightly shortened in the hepatosis group. Two cases (1.9%) of intrauterine death occurred in the hepatosis series, and the Apgar scores at 1 and 15 minutes were somewhat lower than in the control group. Birthweight was slightly lower in the hepatosis series, corresponding to the earlier date of delivery. 11.9% of the infants weighed less than 2.5 kg at birth. The absolute and relative weights of the placenta showed no differences. The histological examination of the placenta made on part of the series revealed maturing defects in 35%. The liver function tests confirmed the cholestatic nature of hepatosis observed earlier, yielding elevated values especially for aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. The thymol turbidity test was within the normal limits, which means that hepatitis could be excluded. Neither glucose tolerance, nor daily urinary oestrogen differed significantly from the normal. The fetal survival rate has been improved considerably by intensive care of hepatosis of pregnancy.
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PMID:Hepatotis of pregnancy. A clinical study of 107 patients. 113 35

In 18 persons (anaesthetists and anaesthetic nurses) with a history of long-term exposure to low concentrations of halothane the activity of aminotransferases, GGTP, and alkaline phosphatase, the bilirubin level and thymol turbidity test were determined and no significant abnormalities were found. On the other hand, determinations of immunoglobulons showed changes in the raised IgM level in 15 out of 18 persons, the difference between the normal level and that found in the present studies being statistically significant. The levels of IgA and IgG were within the normal range. Raised IgM level may be due to stimulation of the immune system by halothane.
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PMID:Immunoglobulins in persons with long-term exposure to halothane. 122 9

The reported studies were carried out on 22 persons, 15 anaesthetists and 7 anaesthetic nurses with a history of long-term exposure to halothane in low concentrations. The activity of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGTP) and aminotransferases, the level of bilirubin and thymol turbidity test were determined. No significant abnormalities were found in the mean values of these determinations. In some cases a rise in alkaline phosphatase activity and in two cases a rise of GGTP were found. The results are not suggesting the presence of hepatocellular damage in this group.
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PMID:Serum enzyme levels in anaesthetic personnel. 122 10


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