Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The degree of osteoporosis in hyperthyroidism before and during treatment with carbimazole was studied by photon absorption technique of the right forearm and calcaneus. In addition serum total calcium, serum ionized calcium, serum phosphorus and serum alkaline phosphatase were determined. A group of 96 patients suffering from untreated hyperthyroidism (85 women and 11 men) was studied (79 of these patients were also followed during treatment) and compared to a control group of 157 persons (107 women and 50 men). The women were divided into two groups: less than or equal to 45 years old and more than 45 years old. In all groups untreated hyperthyroid patients showed lower bone densities compared to the control group, but this was only significant in women. During treatment all groups showed a significant increase in density. After 3-6 months of treatment bone density in the calcaneus increased 12% and in the forearm 1.5%; after 6 months - 3 years 33% and 31%, respectively. At that time bone density was normalized. There was no correlation between bone density in hyperthyroid patients and duration and severity of the disease. The biochemical changes were characterised by increases in serum alkaline phosphatase (26%), serum total calcium (16%) and serum ionized calcium concentration (17%) in cases of untreated hyperthyroidism. Serum phosphorus concentration did not change. A correlation was found between elevation of the alkaline phosphatase and decreased bone density.
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PMID:Osteoporosis in hyperthyroidism estimated by photon absorptiometry. 47 36

Longitudinal data on changes in the concentrations of plasma inorganic phosphorus and plasma alkaline phosphatase activity in 23 girls and 44 boys during the adolescent growth spurt are reported together with the height velocities, ages and sexual maturity ratings. The average age at the peak of the growth spurt was 12.5 years in the girls and 14.1 years in the boys with mean annual height gains of 7.0 and 9.7 cm/year respectively. In both sexes, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity rose and fell with the growth velocity during the growth spurt. Plasma inorganic phosphorus rose to reach a peak in the 4 months before the peak of the growth spurt in height; this rise was statisically significant in the boys but not in the girls. Values subsequently fell rapidly towards the normal adult concentrations. Plasma calcium, total protein, and albumin concentrations were also followed during this time, but were not at any point significantly different from normal adult values. These findings provide a guide for the interpretation of plasma biochemistry in adolescent patients.
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PMID:Changes in plasma inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase activity during the adolescent growth spurt. 47 25

1. In order to obtain an effective ligand for affinity chromatography of the low molecular weight acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum), EC 3.1.3.2) from human red cells nine phosphonic and two arsonic acid substrate analogues were investigated as potential inhibitors. The two forms of acid phosphatase type B (b1 and b2) were isolated and partially purified using conventional methods and the inhibitory action of the substrate analogs investigated. 2. Four of the phosphonic acids were relatively effective competitive inhibitors. It appears that certain structural and electronic requirements have to be fulfilled by the phosphonic acids in order to exhibit significant affinity for the enzyme. A high affinity appears to require the presence of a bulky, hydrophobic moiety which has to be separated from the phosphorus atom by the distance of one atom. 3. p-Aminobenzylphosphonic acid exerted the highest affinity for acid phosphatase with a pH optimum at 6.5. Ki values of 4 . 10(-4) and 6 . 10(-4) M were found for the b1 and b2 forms, respectively. 4. Coupling of p-aminobenzylphosphonic acid to Agarose yielded an effective and specific affinity medium. By means of affinity chromatography using this medium, acid phosphatase was purified 500-fold in a single step.
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PMID:Phosphonic and arsonic acids as inhibitors of human red cell acid phosphatase and their use in affinity chromatography. 47 23

Mineral metabolism is frequently disturbed in hyperthyroidism. In a group of seventy-two patients with hyperthyroidism, we observed an increase in serum diffusible calcium in 50% of the cases, elevated inorganic phosphorus in 30% and elevated alkaline phosphatase in 44% of the cases. Correlations existed between the values of diffusible calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and certain indices of thyroid function (T4, FT41, T3, FT3I), of which that with T3 was the best (P less than 0.001). Our results suggest that the magnitude of the disturbances of mineral metabolism depends on the severity of the hyperthyroidism and that it is the T3 level that constitutes the best index of that severity.
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PMID:Disturbed mineral metabolism in hyperthyroidism: good correlation with tri-iodothyronine. 47 75

Previous findings suggest that alkaline phosphatase (Alk Pase) may be involved in phosphate transport. Since phosphate reabsorption is enhanced in the kidney and duodenum of animals stabilized on a low-phosphorus diet (LPD), Alk Pase was measured in the kidney, small intestine, and other tissues in LPD rats. In particulate fractions from the renal cortex, intestine, renal medulla, liver, and heart ventricle from LPD rats the activity of Alk Pase was significantly increased but the activities of other plasma membrane enzymes were not different between control and LPD groups. The increased Alk Pase in the renal cortex was localized to the brush border of the proximal tubule histochemically and by measurement of Alk Pase in brush-border preparations. Also in the renal cortex, typical enzymes associated with mitochondria, lysosomes, and cytosol were unchanged with the exception of cytosolic adenosine 3',5' cyclic-monophosphate phosphodiesterase, which was increased in LPD rats. Alk Pase in the renal cortex and intestine may play a role in the enhanced phosphate reabsorption in LPD animals.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase in adaptation to low dietary phosphate intake. 49 49

In serial studies of hepatic function in rats after 70% partial hepatectomy, quantitative changes were found in several of the serum components used clinically to assess liver status. The activities of the following enzymes were found to increase: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and lactic dehydrogenase were maximal 6 h postoperatively, while glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase reached peak values at 24 and 48 h respectively. Albumin levels were found to be relatively constant during the study; however, total protein concentration was lowest 6--12 h postoperatively, paralleling a decrease in globulin concentration. Bilirubin levels were elevated to 4x normal within 12 h after surgery. After partial hepatectomy calcium and phosphorus concentrations were significantly decreased at 24 and 12 h respectively. With the exception of alkaline phosphatase, the activities of all serum components measured returned to normal levels by 1 week after surgery; the alkaline phosphatase concentration continued to be elevated 2 weeks postoperatively.
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PMID:The evaluation of liver function after partial hepatectomy in the rat: serum changes. 51 14

Experimental closed loop small intestinal volvulus was studied in the anesthetized horse. Volvulus was simulated by ligation of the mesenterial veins to a segment of small intestine. Physical signs and hemodynamic, hematologic, clinical chemical, bacteriologic and peritoneal fluid values were examined. Compared to conscious horses anesthesia highly delayed and modified the clinical signs of shock (changes in mucosal colour, dehydration, decreased skin temperature, elevated pulse rate, low blood pressures) and of small intestinal volvulus (altered peristalsis, gastric dilation). Plasma glucose response to shock was also modified by unconsciousness. However, a dose response relationship was indicated between the extent of small intestinal damage and clinical symptoms. The same was applicable to changes in blood pressures, blood acid-base balance, lactate, potassium, chloride, glucose, inorganic phosphorus, creatinine, creatine kinase, red blood cell and total white blood cell counts and serum total protein. The relationship was also indicated in the following peritoneal fluid values: volume, lactate, pH, total white cell counts, alkaline phosphatase and bacteriology. Changes related to shock (insufficient tissue perfusion) were low blood pressures and metabolic acidosis due to anaerobic glycolysis with accumulation of lactic acid. Also low plasma glucose and elevated plasma potassium, creatinine, inorganic phosphorus and creatine kinase were regarded as consequences of shock.
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PMID:Simulated small intestinal volvulus in the anesthetized horse. 52 13

Comparative experimental investigations, including 70 experimental and 70 control calves aged 15 to 105 days, aiming to establish the effect of ultraviolet irradiated milk on Ca, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D contents, alkaline phosphatase activity and the density of the distal radius part, carpal and metacarpal bones and tail vertebrae, were performed. It was established that ultraviolet irradiated cow milk has a favourable effect on the physiological state of young calf organism and leads to higher blood serum Ca, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D contents, enhances alkaline phosphatase activity and stimulates osteogenesis processes.
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PMID:[Effect of ultraviolet-irradiated milk on the macroelements, alkaline phosphatase, vitamin D and density of the bones in calves]. 54 92

Albino rats (Sprague-Dawley) of mean weight 100 g were divided into four groups and given for 7 days a balanced diet. They were then placed in metabolic cages for fifteen days and fed diets containing different quantities of casein: 18% (D18), 36% (D36), 50% (D50) and 72% (D72). The levels of total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity, total proteins and urea were determined. The urinary and fecal excretion of calcium were determined on specimens of urine and stool collected every two days. The metabolic balance of nitrogen was also estimated. The results show there is not a linear relationship between a high protein diet and plasma protein levels, but a progressive body calcium loss was observed with the increase of casein in the diet, which confirms what other workers have already suggested.
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PMID:[Influence of a high protein diet on the urinary and fecal excretion of calcium in albino rats]. 55 35

A study of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged twin men provided an opportunity to test for genetic variability in the SMA 12/60 (Technicon) battery of clinical chemistry tests. Classical twin methodology was used to analyze the variation of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. In addition, frequency of co-twin contact was used to control for effects of differences in shared environment. Genetic variability played a definite role in controlling four of the 11 reported tests: one-hour serum glucose, serum urea nitrogen, uric acid, and bilirubin. No genetic variation was found for lactate dehydrogenase, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase. Significantly higher means for calcium, total protein, albumin, and aspartate aminotransferase in monozygotic twins precluded any statement about heredity and environment for these tests.
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PMID:Genetic variability of clinical chemical values. 55 78


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