Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of two sequential therapies using mestranol as an estrogen and chlormadinone acetate and norethisterone acetate, respectively, as a gestagen on the aminotransferase (GOT and GPT), alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase activities, the cholesterol, total bilirubin and total protein contents and the indocyanine green (Ujoviridin, VEB Chemiekombinat Bitterfeld) half-life were studied in two groups, each comprising 12 women of fertile age. The serum protein was separated by paper electrophoresis and both the thymol turbidity and zinc sulphate tests were performed during the first treatment cycle. An estrogen-induced rise in alanine aminotransferase (GPT) activity from 6.31 U/liter to 12.14 U/liter was observed during application of the mestranol/chlormadinone acetate therapy. The value dropped to 5.34 U/liter when chlormadinone acetate was administered as a gestagen in addition to the estrogen. No significant changes were noted in the other biochemical parameters. Sequential therapy involving application of mestranol and norethisterone acetate produced only statistically secured rises in the alpha 1-globulin content and the GPT activity. All other changes in the different parameters remained within the normal range and were statistically insignificant.
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PMID:Studies on liver function under the influence of oral contraceptives. 8 70

A patient with multiple enterocutaneous fistulae who developed the skin manifestations of acrodermatitis enteropathica while on total parenteral nutrition is described. The value of monitoring the serum alkaline phosphatase to demonstrate zinc deficiency is shown. The skin manifestations responded rapidly to the re-introduction of zinc to the diet.
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PMID:Zinc deficiency in total parenteral nutrition. 10 10

Whole blood samples from 40 male and 40 female individuals were analyzed for zinc, copper, selenium and iron, and in part also for cadmium and lead. Correlations were established between the element contents and the activities of blood enzymes (carbo-anhydrase, leucine aminopeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glutathione peroxidase). The zinc-copper ratio exerted no effect on the zinc-dependent enzymes. There was a correlation between the glutathione peroxidase activity and the selenium content in whole blood (r greater than 0.73). A cluster analysis was performed. In women, the authors stated a significant effect of oral contraceptives especially on the zinc and copper balance. It was evidenced that detectable (more marked) changes in the mineral equilibrium are not produced in all cases by the contraceptives. Nevertheless, changes in the mineral equilibrium are likely to occur in 25% of all women. In the present study further changes (for example in enzymes) were observed in 50% of all women. The results obtained from the male individuals were indicative of certain relationships between the zinc-copper ratio and the content of total lipids or lipid fractions in human blood.
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PMID:[Effect of the trace element supply on element dependent enzymes in man]. 11 Nov 26

Normal values for a number of blood components of grivet monkeys are reported. Haematological data and values for glucose, cholesterol and urea are similar to those of rhesus monkeys. Activities of alkaline phosphatase (1526 U/l), glutamine oxaloacetate transaminase (30.9 U/l), glutamine pyruvate transaminase (13.7 U/l), lactate dehydrogenase (629 U/l), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (175 U/l), creatine phosphokinase (227 U/l), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (38.7 U/l) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (14.2 U/l), and levels of lysozyme (178 mg/dl), zinc (162 microgram/dl), copper (81.3 microgram/dl) and iron (296.5 microgram/dl) have not previously been reported for this animal. Values for serum amino acids, proteins, electrolytes, triglycerides and creatinine are compared with those of other primates.
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PMID:Normal values for some whole blood and serum components of grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). 11 24

The conditions necessary for the secretion of phospholipase C (phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied. Enzyme secretion by washed cell suspensions required a carbon source and ammonium, potassium, and calcium ions. The calcium requirement could be substituted by magnesium and strontium but not by copper, manganese, cobalt, or zinc. During growth in liquid medium, cells secreted phospholipase C during late logarithmic and early stationary phases. Secretion was repressed by the addition of inorganic phosphate but not by organic phosphates, glucose, or sodium succinate. Studies with tetracycline indicated that de novo protein synthesis was necessary for the secretion of phospholipase C and that the exoenzyme was not released from a preformed periplasmic pool. Similarly, extraction of actively secreting cells with 0.2 M MgCl2 at pH 8.4 solubilized large quantities of the periplasmic enzyme alkaline phosphatase but insignificant amounts of phospholipase C. Bacteria continued to secrete enzyme for nearly 45 min after the addition of inorganic phosphate or rifampin.
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PMID:Secretion of phospholipase C by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 11 87

65Zinc absorption was studied in five acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) patients and in eight normal adults by means of a whole-body counting assay. The absorption was calculated from retention values recorded in the time interval 8-30 days after oral administration of the isotope. Two AE patients (7 and 13 years old) had a low absorption, 3.3 and 1.8% respectively, corroborating their high need for additional elemental zinc (about 2 mg/kg/day). Three adult AE patients, all in their twenties, had a considerably lower need for extra zinc (about 0.2 mg/kg/day). Their zinc absorption ranged from 28 to 36% (mean 34%). In the controls the range was 27 - 65% (mean 43%). Turnover of retained 65Zn from day 8 - 30 was about 0.7% in the patient as well as in the control groups. Oral zinc therapy was withdrawn prior to the study. During the zinc-free period (3-7) a marked decrease in serum zinc and serum alkaline phosphatase values was noted in the two children with AE and they showed clinical evidence of zinc deficiency (angular stomatitis, scaling around finger nails, and irritability). None of the adult patients showed such evidence of impending zinc deficiency. One complained of exacerbation of facial acne, and another of pain in her feet. All symptoms disappeared promptly when oral zinc therapy was resumed.
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PMID:65Zinc absorption in patients suffering from acrodermatitis enteropathica and in normal adults assessed by whole-body counting technique. 11 22

To facilitate the study of individual metal binding sites of polymeric metalloproteins, conversion of exchange-labile Co(II) in E. coli alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) to exchange-inert Co(III) was examined. Oxidation of Co(II) alkaline phosphatase with hydrogen peroxide results in a single absorption maximum at 530 nm and loss both of the characteristic electron paramagnetic signal and of enzymatic activity. Zinc neither reactivates this enzyme nor displaces the oxidized cobalt atoms. Metal and amino-acid analyses demonstrate that oxidation alters neither cobalt binding nor amino-acid composition of the enzyme. Al data are consistent with the conclusion that hydrogen peroxide oxidizes Co(II) in alkaline phosphatase to Co(III). Polymeric metalloenzymes can contain different categories of metal atoms serving in catalysis, structure stabilization, and/or control and exerting their effects independently or interdependently. The in situ conversion of exchange-labile Co(II) to exchange-stable (Co(III) offers a method to selectively and differentially "freeze" cobalt atoms at their respective binding sites. The accompanying spectral changes and concomitant retardation in ligand exchange reactions may be used to differentiate between specific metal binding sites that serve different roles in polymeric metalloenzymes.
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PMID:Cobalt(III), a probe of metal binding sites of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase. 16 26

The activity of a pyrophosphate-splitting tissue factor in jaws, teeth and intestinal mucosa has been studied by means of histochemistry. Freeze-cut, unfixed sections of whole animals were incubated in a buffered medium (pH 8.6) containing inorganic pyrophosphate (PP) Pb2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ at various concentrations. The effects of compound R 8231, heat, aldehyde fixation, and demineralization with EDTA were also investigated. In sections showing optimal staining, deposition of incubation products was found in the stratum intermedium and the subodontoblastic cells of the developing tooth, in the osteoblastic layers, and at the surface of the intestinal mucosa. The hard tissues were also stained except in the demineralized sections. Treatment with heat or compound R 8231 resulted in loss of originally observed soft tissue staining while short-time demineralization with EDTA enhanced the staining reaction. It is argued that a nonspecific deposition of the capturing ion, Pb2+, can hardly explain the observed soft tissue staining. The results point to the presence of a PP-splitting enzyme, and it is suggested that the enzyme exhibits features of an alkaline phosphatase with PP-phospholhydrolytic properties rather than of an inorganic pyrophosphatase.
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PMID:Histochemical localization of alkaline pyrophosphate- phosphohydrolase in tooth-forming cells of rat. 17 19

Literature on the biochemical effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) is reviewed. The effects of OCs on concentrations of mineral elements ( calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper, and zinc), vitamins (ascor bic acid, folic acid, and Vitamins-B6, B12, and E), hormones, (gonadotro pins, progesterone, estrogens, androgens, corticosteroids, aldosterone, renin-angiotensin, insulin, growth hormone, thyroid hormones, catecholamines, and prolactin), amino acids and proteins (free amino acids, tryptophan, metalloproteins, hormone-binding proteins, miscellaneous serum proteins, and blood coagulation factors), carbohydra tes (glucose tolerance tests, glucose metablism and other carbohydrates) , lipids (total serum lipids, triglycerides, phospholipids, fatty acids, and cholesterol), and enzymes (aminotransfereases, alkaline phosphatase, and glutamyltransferase) are reviewed. Changes induced by combined, sequential, and low-dose OCs in 116 biochemical parameters are summarized in a table.
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PMID:Biochemical effects of oral contraceptives. 18 Jul 84

Metal ions play important roles in the biological function of many enzymes. The various modes of metal-protein interaction include metal-, ligand-, and enzyme-bridge complexes. Metals can serve as electron donors or acceptors, Lewis acids or structural regulators. Those that participate directly in the catalytic mechanism usually exhibit anomalous physicochemical characteristics reflecting their entatic state. Carboxypeptidase A, liver alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate transcarbamoylase and alkaline phosphatase exemplify the different roles of metals in metalloenzymes while the nucleotide polymerases point to the essential role of zinc in maintaining normal growth and development.
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PMID:The role of metals in enzyme activity. 19 23


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