Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The refractory period that follows the period of sensitivity to a decidual stimulus in ovariectomized hormone treated mice was investigated. Medroxyprogesterone acetate provided constant progestin concentrations and silastic implants containing oestradiol maintained constant nidatory oestrogen concentrations. The nidatory stimulus was provided by crushing the uterus with a haemostat or by the intrauterine instillation of arachis oil. The decidual response was assessed by measuring changes in uterine weight or by examining the stroma for the presence of alkaline phosphatase. Sensitivity to the oil was first observed approximately 14 h after the insertion of the oestradiol implant but this sensitivity had waned by 32 h and was absent at 40 h. Crushing the uterus initiated a decidual response in mice treated with progestin alone but if the oestradiol implant was inserted then the uterus was responsive to crushing 24 h after insertion but not at 45 h. The traumatic decidual cell reaction (crushing), although not requiring nidatory oestradiol for its successful initiation, was nevertheless subject to the refractoriness that followed oestradiol sensitivity.
 ...
PMID:Timing of the window of uterine sensitivity to decidual stimuli in mice. 129 31

Long-acting medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) effect on some important parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GCO) was evaluated. Twelve steroid-dependent asthmatic male patients with GCO were administered 200 mg of MPA (Depo-Provera) intramuscularly, and had fasting serum samples obtained at baseline and at weekly intervals for 5 consecutive weeks. Baseline serum samples were also obtained from 12 control healthy male subjects matched for age. The following measurements were made from each serum sample: osteocalcin (OC), skeletal (SAP) and total alkaline phosphatase (TAP), calcitonin (C), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Significantly lower baseline serum levels of OC and C were found in the patients with GCO than in controls (P less than 0.001). Following MPA administration in GCO patients statistically significant and sustained increases in OC, SAP and C were noticed during the next 5 weeks. No significant differences in baseline levels for TAP, IGF1, 1,25(OH)2D and 25(OH)D between GCO patients and controls were found, and no significant changes following MPA administration in GCO patients were obtained for these parameters. In conclusion, when administered to patients with GCO, MPA seems to stimulate the osteoblastic activity as suggested by sustained increases in OC and SAP serum levels, and also enhances the C production by the C-cells of the thyroid.
 ...
PMID:Effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate on some parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. 182 84

Testis of male albino rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate DMPA, at the dose of 1 mg/animal/day for 60 days showed degenerative changes in the late spermatids. The changes were related with the mitochondrial sheath of the midpiece, including the plasma membrane enclosing the mitochondria and the mitochondrial cristae. Except lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase, all the testicular marker enzymes, viz. beta-glucuronidase, hyaluronidase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase registered a significant decrease. The ultrastructural and biochemical changes are correlated, as the cellular degeneration is responsible for decrease in the activity of the marker enzymes.
 ...
PMID:Effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on testis of albino rats: ultrastructural and biochemical studies. 183 39

Seventy-three healthy, postmenopausal women, aged 45-54 years, were randomly assigned to one of three groups for 2 years of treatment: 17 beta-oestradiol 1.5 mg on days 1-12 and 17 beta-oestradiol 1.5 mg + desogestrel 150 micrograms on days 13-24 (E2/DG) or oestradiol valerate 2 mg on days 1-11 and oestradiol valerate 2 mg + medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg on days 12-21 (E2V/MPA) or placebo. Fifty-seven women (78%) completed the study. Bone mineral content of the distal regions of the forearms (measured by single photon absorptiometry, SPA) and bone mineral density of the spine (measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA) showed increases of 0.5-1% and 4-5%, respectively, in the hormone groups over 2 years. The placebo group exhibited a decrease in spinal bone density of 2% per year, and in the forearm of 2.5-3.5% per year. Biochemical estimates of bone turnover (serum alkaline phosphatase and fasting urinary calcium) decreased significantly to premenopausal levels in the hormone groups but remained unchanged in the placebo group. In both hormone groups total cholesterol decreased by about 9% (P less than 0.001), whereas low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased by 16% in the E2/DG group and 20% in the E2V/MPA group (P less than 0.001). High density lipoprotein cholesterol showed only minor, insignificant changes in the hormone groups. The placebo group had virtually unchanged values. Climacteric symptoms, including hot flushes, were significantly reduced in both hormone groups. Bleeding occurred regularly in about 80% of the women.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Desogestrel in hormone replacement therapy: long-term effects on bone, calcium and lipid metabolism, climacteric symptoms, and bleeding. 183 79

A mathematical model of pressure/flow relationships in straight and tortuous intracerebral arterioles is presented. Using this model, it is predicted that patients with severe tortuosity would never be able to tolerate an appreciable decrease in MAP. This morphological alteration may explain the inability of a few hypertensive and normotensive elderly patients to tolerate periods of mild reductions in blood pressure. The alkaline phosphatase histochemical staining technique is potentially an excellent method of establishing the identity of deep white matter signal alterations seen on MRI because of its ability to trace the vascular supply from the brain surface to the lesion.
 ...
PMID:Does tortuosity in cerebral arterioles impair down-autoregulation in hypertensives and elderly normotensives? A hypothesis and computer model. 200 99

The hormonal and biochemical effects of danazol (600 mg a day) and high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; 100 mg a day) were studied in a placebo-controlled, 6-month trial. Serum gonadotrophins and prolactin levels did not change during danazol and MPA treatments, whereas oestradiol and progesterone levels decreased significantly in relation to placebo without any difference between danazol and MPA. Both drugs significantly suppressed the sex hormone-binding globulin level (SHBG), and consequently, the free-androgen index (serum total testosterone nmol/l per SHBG nmol/l x 100) as compared with placebo, the effect of danazol being significantly stronger than that of MPA. Danazol, but not MPA, significantly increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and haemoglobin levels, and also thrombocyte counts, whereas MPA, but not danazol, increased the serum concentration of albumin in relation to placebo. Serum total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, sodium and potassium levels and leucocyte counts remained unchanged during both treatments. Danazol and high-dose MPA did not differ from each other in their ovarian and anterior pituitary effects, while the increase in androgenic activity induced by danazol was greater than that achieved with MPA. Danazol also had more biochemical effects than MPA. It interfered with the functions of the liver and the production of thrombocytes and haemoglobin, whereas MPA affected only albumin synthesis/release.
 ...
PMID:Placebo-controlled comparison of hormonal and biochemical effects of danazol and high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate. 214 9

The effects of estradiol on DNA polymerase alpha activity were investigated in an estrogen-responsive human endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa) derived from a well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma. These cells are known to respond to estradiol by increasing progesterone receptor levels, alkaline phosphatase activity, and cell density. Four- to 5-fold increases in DNA polymerase alpha activity occurred when estradiol was added to cultures of Ishikawa cells in medium containing charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum. Maximal stimulation was achieved at 18 h during incubations with 10(-8) M estradiol, but significant effects also were found with 10(-9) and 10(-6) M. These effects were almost completely counteracted by a 100-fold excess of 4-hydroxytamoxifen. At 10(-6) M, the antiestrogen had no influence on the basal levels of DNA polymerase alpha. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (10(-6) M) was ineffective as either an enhancer of enzymatic activity or an antiestrogen when tested in combination with 10(-8) M estradiol, even in the presence of appreciable levels of specific progesterone binders. The responsiveness of the Ishikawa cells to estrogen contrasts with the lack of effects of estradiol on DNA polymerase alpha activity in another human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line (HEC-50).
 ...
PMID:Effects of estradiol on deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase alpha activity in the Ishikawa human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line. 294 47

The removal of tightly bound GDP from the exchangeable nucleotide-binding site of tubulin has been performed with alkaline phosphatase under conditions which essentially retain the assembly properties of the protein. When microtubule protein is treated with alkaline phosphatase, nucleotide is selectively removed from tubulin dimer rather than from MAP (microtubule-associated protein)-containing oligomeric species. Tubulin devoid of E-site (the exchangeable nucleotide-binding site of the tubulin dimer) nucleotide shows enhanced proteolytic susceptibility of the beta-subunit to thermolysin and decreased protein stability, consistent with nucleotide removal causing changes in protein tertiary structure. Pyrophosphate ion (3 mM) is able to promote formation of normal microtubules in the complete absence of GTP by incubation at 37 degrees C either with nucleotide-depleted microtubule protein or with nucleotide-depleted tubulin dimer to which MAPs have been added. The resulting microtubules contain up to 80% of tubulin lacking E-site nucleotide. In addition to its effects on nucleation, pyrophosphate competes weakly with GDP bound at the E-site. It is deduced that binding of pyrophosphate at a vacant E-site can promote microtubule assembly. The minimum structural requirement for ligands to induce tubulin assembly apparently involves charge neutralization at the E-site by bidentate ligation, which stabilizes protein domains in a favourable orientation for promoting the supramolecular protein-protein interactions involved in microtubule formation.
 ...
PMID:Tubulin-nucleotide interactions. Effects of removal of exchangeable guanine nucleotide on protein conformation and microtubule assembly. 303 51

A follow-up study was conducted with 50 healthy parous volunteer women in India to ascertain the effect of a long-acting progestogen contraceptive on serum enzymes and hepatic function. The women received an intramuscular injection of a long-acting contraceptive, DMPA (depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate), in a dose of 150 mg every 3 months for 2 years. Women with a past history of jaundice, diabetes, hypertension, or eclampsia were excluded from the study. The activity of SGOT, SGPT, and AP (alkaline phosphatase) did not show any change during the longterm treatment. This result would indicate normal hepatic function and the absence of any damage or injury to the liver cells. Activity of serum ACP (acid phosphatase) and AChE (acetylcholinesterase) in red cells did show significant increase, which continued up to the end of the study. Results of the study indicate that DMPA is a suitable contraceptive for use in India, particularly since it does not cause the common side effects associated with oral contraceptives and does not affect liver function.
 ...
PMID:Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception on human serum enzymes. 611 6

Total proteins (albumin, globulins and their fractions); carbohydrate (intravenous glucose tolerance); lipid (serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids); and liver functioning (alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities in serum, bromsulfathalein retention, and serum bilirubin); were assayed in 12 Thai women who were not lactating. The tests were performed before, and 3 weeks, 3,6,9, and 12 months after the advent of treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), which was injected intramuscularly in 150-mg doses every 90 days. Triglyceride concentration was unchanged overall; however, mean fasting triglyceride concentration on Day 20 decreased significantly when compared with Day -33 pretreatment control (P .025). A significant increase ( P .01) in mean fasting cholesterol was demonstrated on Day 20; this, however, was thought to be caused by the high dietary lipid intake during hospitalization rather than an effect of the DMPA. In general, serum protein and lipid levels, and liver function and glucose tolerance, remained unchanged over 1 year. There was, however, a significant and persistent increase in insulin level in all subjects after initiation of hormone treatment during the first 30 minutes of intravenous glucose load. The study concludes that DMPA does not interfere with glucose tolerance, lipid and protein metabolism, or liver function during its administration.
 ...
PMID:Effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate on serum lipids, protein, glucose tolerance and liver function in Thai women. 644 43


1 2 3 4 Next >>