Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Findings of bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP were compared with bone radiography and biochemical data including total acid phosphatase (T. ACP), prostatic acid phosphatase (P. ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in 35 patients with histologically proven prostatic cancer. Bone metastases were diagnosed in 20 of 35 cases (57%) by scintigraphy. The common sites of metastases were the pelvic bones, ribs, lumbar and thoracic vertebrae. In vertebrae, metastases were mainly distributed in the lower level. The most frequent radiographic change due to metastases was the osteoblastic type. On follow-up studies, there was a relatively good agreement in the results of bone scintigraphy and radiography. However, there was a good number of cases showing discrepancy between either scintigraphy or radiography and laboratory data. Bone scintigraphy seems to be the most contributory in monitoring bone metastases from prostatic cancer.
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PMID:[Bone scintigraphy in bone metastases due to prostatic cancer]. 343 11

A follow-up study was conducted with 50 healthy parous volunteer women in India to ascertain the effect of a long-acting progestogen contraceptive on serum enzymes and hepatic function. The women received an intramuscular injection of a long-acting contraceptive, DMPA (depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate), in a dose of 150 mg every 3 months for 2 years. Women with a past history of jaundice, diabetes, hypertension, or eclampsia were excluded from the study. The activity of SGOT, SGPT, and AP (alkaline phosphatase) did not show any change during the longterm treatment. This result would indicate normal hepatic function and the absence of any damage or injury to the liver cells. Activity of serum ACP (acid phosphatase) and AChE (acetylcholinesterase) in red cells did show significant increase, which continued up to the end of the study. Results of the study indicate that DMPA is a suitable contraceptive for use in India, particularly since it does not cause the common side effects associated with oral contraceptives and does not affect liver function.
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PMID:Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception on human serum enzymes. 611 6

Serum ionized calcium, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TR-ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured in 80 pregnant women in different gestational weeks. The results showed that calcium level decreased significantly as the gestation week increased. Calcium level of umbilical cord was higher than that of third trimester of pregnancy. It indicated that calcium could be transported to fetus across the placenta against the concentration gradient. Both TR-ACP and ALP activity elevated as gestation week increased. This may suggest that the bone metabolism is very active in pregnant women.
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PMID:[Bone metabolism in pregnant women]. 808 33

Analytical, within-subject and between-subject components of variation have been determined for total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its bone isoform, osteocalcin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TR-ACP) in serum specimens from a cohort of 10 healthy subjects over a 1-month period. From these data, we have calculated the desirable analytical imprecisions, the indices of individuality, the critical differences for significant change detection, and the number of specimens required to estimate the homeostatic setpoint of an individual. For total ALP and its bone isoform, most of the observed variability was biologic, whereas osteocalcin and TR-ACP also had relatively high analytical variability. Total and bone ALP were also the parameters showing the lowest within-subject variability, whereas TR-ACP showed the lowest interindividual fluctuation. Osteocalcin and bone ALP had marked individuality, showing that the use of population-based reference limits is inadequate for their interpretation. The applicable differences required for two results to be significantly different (p < or = 0.05) are bone ALP: 20%; osteocalcin: 29%; and TR-ACP: 35%. The results demonstrate that the biochemical markers of bone turnover studied are of limited use to screen for metabolic bone disorders, but can be useful adjuncts for monitoring groups of patients in longitudinal studies.
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PMID:Biological variation in bone-derived biochemical markers in serum. 863 85

This study describes an increase in biochemical and histomorphometric markers of bone resorption prior to increased bone formation and trabecular bone loss in the ovariectomized rat. Six-month-old, female Sprague Dawley rats were either sham operated or ovariectomized (Ovx) and killed at 0, 6, 9, 15, 18, 21, and 42 days postoperation when femora were collected and trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) was determined from von Kossa silver-stained sections using the Quantimet 520 image analysis system in the distal region. A number of these sections were also examined unstained for fluorochrome labels, and stained for acid phosphatase to detect osteoclast-like cells (ACP surface). At 18 days postoperation, lumbar vertebrae were examined. Blood and urine specimens were analyzed for bone-related biochemical variables. ACP surface was significantly greater in Ovx rats compared with sham at 6 days postoperation (mean ACP surface (%TS) +/- SEM: sham 36.4 +/- 1.9; Ovx 40.3 +/- 1.2, P < 0.05) as was urinary hydroxyproline excretion. Serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase activity were not elevated in Ovx rats compared with Sham until 9 days postoperation. Mineral apposition rate (MAR) was increased at 12 days after ovariectomy (mean MAR (microm/day) +/- SEM: sham 0.85 +/- 0.06; Ovx 1.23 +/- 0.06, P < 0.05). Trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) at a specific site in the metaphyseal-diaphyseal core area was significantly lower at 15 days postoperation (mean (%) +/- SEM: Sham 7.40 +/- 1.23, Ovx 4.25 0 0.65, P < 0.05). There was no difference in lumbar vertebral BV/TV between the two groups at 18 days postoperation, however, ACP surface was elevated in the Ovx rats (P < 0.05). A systemic increase in bone resorption at 6 days postovariectomy precedes increased formation whereas the length of time required for the dissolution of trabeculae postoperation is determined locally.
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PMID:Increased bone resorption precedes increased bone formation in the ovariectomized rat. 868 81

Tamoxifen (TAM) is used in the treatment of breast cancer and decreases the incidence of breast cancer when given to healthy women for different therapeutic purposes. This expansion of its use calls for further studies of its own potential side effects and those in combination with other prescription drugs. Diazepam (DP) is one such drug normally administered to patients who are under cancer treatment and those who suffer from insomnia. The present study examines the effect of individual and simultaneous administration of TAM and DP at therapeutic dose level of 0.8 mg/Kg/day of TAM and 0.3 mg/Kg/day of DP to normal female Wistar rats for a period of 12 weeks. The drugs were administered orally by mixing it in pellet made by wheat dough. There was no significant change in the terminal body weight and liver weights of animals. The ovary weights in TAM + DP treated animals were significantly decreased. The serum succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) levels were significantly lower in TAM, DP and TAM + DP treated rats and comparatively were lowest in TAM and TAM + DP treated animal groups. Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP & ALP) levels were significantly higher in the three treated groups, but comparatively lower in TAM + DP treated animals when compared to TAM or DP alone treated rats. There was marked increase in liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the three treated groups but remarkable decrease in liver glycogen. Total serum cholesterol levels were significantly high in DP and TAM + DP treated rats and total serum triglyceride levels were significantly high only in TAM treated rats. As a whole it can be concluded that DP does not enhance TAM toxicity on simultaneous administration, but on its own when administered individually brings about perturbation in lipid storage and metabolism.
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PMID:A toxicity study of simultaneous administration of Tamoxifen and Diazepam to female Wistar rats. 1066 14

Effect of single and binary treatments of plant-derived molluscicides on different enzymes--acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid/alkaline phosphatase (ACP/ALP)--in the nervous tissue of the harmful terrestrial snail Achatina fulica were studied. Sublethal in vivo 24-h exposure to 40% and 80% LC(50) of Azadirachta indica oil, Cedrus deodara oil, Allium sativum bulb powder, Nerium indicum bark powder and binary combinations of A. sativum (AS) + C. deodara (CD) and CD + A. indica (AI) oils significantly altered the activity of these enzymes in the nervous tissue of Achatina fulica. The binary treatment of AS + CD was more effective against AChE, LDH, and ALP than the single ones. However, binary treatment of AI + CD was more effective against ALP.
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PMID:Effect of single and binary combinations of plant-derived molluscicides on different enzyme activities in the nervous tissue of Achatina fulica. 1251 32

Sublethal in vivo 24 h exposure to (40% and 80% of 24 h LC(50)) active fractions of Punica granatum bark or Canna indica root or in combination with other plant-derived molluscicides significantly inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase, acid/alkaline phosphatase, Na(+)K(+)ATPase and lactic dehydrogenase in the nervous tissue of Lymnaea acuminata. The inhibition kinetics of these enzymes indicates that active fractions of both the plants caused a competitive inhibition of AChE, LDH, ALP, ACP and Na(+)K(+)ATPase.
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PMID:Enzyme inhibition by the molluscicidal agent Punica granatum Linn. bark and Canna indica Linn. root. 1530 5

The influence of varying levels of salinity (0, 100, 200 and 400 mM) on the activities of nitrate reductase (NR, E.C. 1.6.6.1), acid phosphatase (ACP, E.C. 3.1.3.2), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1 ) as well as on nitrate and phosphate uptake and total nitrogen levels in leaves of a true mangrove Bruguiera parviflora was investigated under hydroponic culture conditions. NR activity increased in 100mM NaCl treated plants, whereas it decreased gradually in 200 and 400 mM treated plants, relative to the controls. Decreased activity of NR by NaCl stress was also accompanied by a decrease in total nitrogen level and nitrate uptake. Decreases in NR activity, nitrate (NO3-), and total nitrogen level due to high salinity may be responsible for a decrease in growth and biomass production in this plant. However, salinity caused an increase in both ACP and ALP activity. Activity staining of ACP by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed three isoforms: ACP-1, ACP-2, and ACP-3. We observed a preferential enhancement in the ACP-3 isoform by salinity. In order to understand whether the salinity-induced increase in phosphatase activity was due to inhibition in phosphate uptake, we monitored phosphate (Pi) levels in leaves and noted that phosphate levels decreased significantly under salinity. These results suggest that the induction of acid and ALP under salt stress may be due to a phosphorous deficiency.
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PMID:Effects of NaCI stress on nitrogen and phosphorous metabolism in a true mangrove Bruguiera parviflora grown under hydroponic culture. 1538 3

Calcium phosphate bioceramics, such as hydroxyapatite, have long been used as bone substitutes because of their proven biocompatibility and bone binding properties in vivo. Recently, a zirconia-hybridized pyrophosphate-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (Zr-ACP) has been synthesized, which is more soluble than hydroxyapatite and allows for controlled release of calcium and phosphate ions. These ions have been postulated to increase osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro. The focus of this work is to elucidate the physicochemical properties of Zr-ACP and to measure cell response to Zr-ACP in vitro using a MC3T3-E1 mouse calvarial-derived osteoprogenitor cell line. Cells were cultured in osteogenic medium and mineral was added to culture at different stages in cell maturation. Culture in the presence of Zr-ACP showed significant increases in cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and osteopontin (OPN) synthesis, whereas collagen synthesis was unaffected. In addition, calcium and phosphate ion concentrations and medium pH were found to transiently increase with the addition of Zr-ACP, and are hypothesized to be responsible for the osteogenic effect of Zr-ACP.
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PMID:Osteoblast response to zirconia-hybridized pyrophosphate-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate. 1627 76


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