Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using a sensitive enzyme immunoassay, carcinoplacental alkaline phosphatase (CPAP) was determined in sera of 1266 patients with gyneocological cancers. All these patients were referred after initial surgical treatment elsewhere. There were 95 patients with evidence of disease at the time of the study and 1171 without evidence of disease. Of the 95 patients with active disease, 47 were treated for ovarian carcinoma, 36 for carcinoma of the cervix and 12 for endometrial carcinoma. Raised levels of CPAP were seen in 40% of patients with ovarian carcinoma, in 22% with carcinoma of the cervix and in 41% in the small group with endometrial carcinoma. In patients without evidence of disease, raised levels of CPAP were seen in 12% of patients with carcinoma of the cervix, in 6% of endometrial carcinoma and only in 2% of patients with carcinoma of the ovary. Therefore it was considered that in the latter group CPAP studies would prove of some value. In the group of patients with carcinoma of the ovary and evidence of disease, raised levels of CPAP were seen almost exclusively in patients with epithelial tumors. It is considered that CPAP may be of value as a tumor marker in this group of patients. When compared with CEA, CPAP tends to give fewer false positives and correlates better with the presence of disease.
Int J Cancer 1979 Sep 15
PMID:The value of a sensitive assay of carcino-placental alkaline phosphatase (CPAP) in the follow-up of gynecological cancers. 38 13

It is a clinically and experimentally well supported working hypothesis that infection with hepatitis B virus may result in chronic active hepatitis in patients with suspected immune deficiencies. On this basis, a pilot study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of "specific" transfer factor (TF) in the treatment of HBS-Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis. From the leukocytes of 500 ml venous blood each of 40 volunteers that had completely recovered from acute virus hepatitis B within the last 6 months, a unique TF pool (40 units of TF) was prepared according to the method of Lawrence. Preexaminations indicated that this preparation was able to enhance cellular immune reactions in vitro. Thirteen patients with HBS-antigenemia and chronic active hepatitis (i.e., two liver biopsies within the last 6 or more months with the histological criteria of chronic aggressive hepatitis according to de Groote, elevated serum levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, transaminase activities, and/or gamma-globulines) were randomized: Seven received s.c. injections of two units of TF each on days 1 and 15, the other six saline. Conversion of skin reactions to some ubiquitous antigens occurred in the TF group, but no significant and constant drop of HBS-Ag serum titers was observed. Although some of the biochemical parameters seemed to ameliorate in the TF group, the differences versus the control group did not prove to be significant within the limited number of patients under observation. The in vitro reactivity of patients' lymphocytes to HBS-Ag, tested by means of the 3H-thymidine uptake, was never found enhanced after TF application. In the used doses, "specific" TF was not effective in the treatment of HBS-Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis; unfavorable side-effects were not observed.
Klin Wochenschr 1979 Sep 03
PMID:[Transfer factor (TF) treatment of patients with HBs-Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis. A prospective, controlled study (author's transl)]. 38 53

A randomized controlled study was performed to investigate the effect of 2 years' monitored diphenylhydantoin (DPH) therapy on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) in non-epileptic, non-institutionalized subjects. Mean +/- SEM plasma 25-OHD of 18 DPH-treated subjects at the end of 2 years' drug treatment was 59 +/- 8 nmol/l (23.6 +/- 3.2 ng/ml), which was not decreased compared to that of eighteen control subjects (54 +/- 8 nmol/l, 21.6 +/- 3.2 ng/ml). In addition, mean plasma 25-OHD had not changed 1 month after ceasing DPH. The treated group had a higher mean serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) during DPH treatment, attributable to hepatic enzyme induction. It is concluded that therapeutic doses of DPH without other anticonvulsants do not have a clinically significant effect on plasma 25-OHD.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1979 Sep
PMID:Chronic diphenylhydantoin therapy does not reduce plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. 38 83

This paper establishes a quantitative technique for measuring the percentage of enzyme-reactive cells found in adjuvant arthritic articular cartilage, synovial membrane and bone marrow. Using alkaline phosphatase histochemistry and a recently-developed method of handling hard tissues, the technique is validated, the inherent variabilities determined and the existence of intra-articular lesions established. The technique now allows for a precise in situ evaluation of adjuvant arthritic drug inhibition by measuring enzyme-reactive cell alterations within the joint tissue most affected by the arthritis.
Histochem J 1979 Sep
PMID:A technique for quantitating enzyme histochemistry in adjuvant arthritic joints. I. Alkaline phosphatase. 38 90

The cytoplasm of tumor cells from a subdermal nodule in a patient with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) exhibited intense enzymatic activity in cryostat sections processed for demonstration of alkaline phosphatase. Nuclear heterochromatin and nucleoli, particularly in the area of the dense component, also showed strong reactivity. Finely minced blocks from the lesion of the patient with FOP revealed lighter reactivity which, in the tumor cells, avoided membrane limited spaces and appeared to be confined to hyaloplasm. Extracellular spaces disclosed very little or no reactivity and specimens from the patient's uninvolved skin lacked staining. The tumor cells from the subdermal nodule did not exhibit increased acid phosphatase activity. Cells (L-FOP) derived from a subdermal nodule and grown by tissue culture techniques also synthesized large amounts of prostaglandin E-like material and alkaline phosphatase. The amounts of prostaglandin E-like material synthesized by these L-FOP cells was reduced by more than 31 per cent by the antiinflammatory drugs indomethacin and sodium meclofenmate. Also, the production of alkaline phosphatase by these L-FOP cells was reduced by more than 40 per cent by ethane-1-hydroxyl-1,1-diphosphonate. Addition of prostaglandin E to nonlesion cells did not result in increased alkaline phosphatase activity.
Lab Invest 1977 Sep
PMID:Studies on alkaline phosphatase activity cultured cells from a patient with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. 40 58

The number of white blood cells and of polymorphonuclear leukocytes remained unchanged in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) receiving a "O" protein diet. The motility of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their phagocytic and killing indices with and without leukokinin stimulation decreased in protein-depleted animals. Acid cathepsin decreased, DNA relatively increased, and peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phenylphosphatase, and lysozyme reached higher levels in the polymorphonuclear leukocytes of animals on a "O" protein diet.
Am J Clin Nutr 1977 Sep
PMID:Polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes in protein deficiency. 40 70

Mutations defining three new loci, sapA, sapB and phoS, were detected by their ability to overcome the phosphatase-negative phenotype of early-blocked asporogenous mutants in sporulation conditions. Synthesis of alkaline phosphatase by Bacillus subtilis is subject to 'vegetative' and 'sporulation' controls. The phoS mutations resulted in constitutive production of alkaline phosphatase and so could be altered in either the 'vegetative' or the 'sporulation' control system. The sapA and sapB mutations only affected alkaline phosphatase formation in sporulation conditions, and were considered to be sporulation specific. They rendered 'sporulation' alkaline phosphatase formation independent of all the spomutations tested, and so independent of the control of the dependent sequences of spo locus expression; as the enzyme was not formed constitutively, it remained subject to some other sporulation control. The sapA and phoS loci were placed between argC4 and metC3 on the genetic map; the sapB locus was located close to purB6. The three loci mapped separately from all known spo loci.
J Gen Microbiol 1977 Sep
PMID:New types of mutation affecting formation of alkaline phosphatase by Bacillus subtilis in sporulation conditions. 41 Sep 7

Using a sensitive measuring device, 3-day hCG administration (Pregnyl; 1500 IU daily) was shown to temporarily increase ulnar growth velocity from prepubertal (0.40 +/- 0.35 mm/3 weeks to pubertal values (1.1 +/- 0.64 mm/3 weeks) in 10 boys with delayed puberty. This growth-promoting effect of diagnostic hCG administration, which was demonstrable for 3--9 weeks, was associated with an overt rise in plasma testosterone from 129 +/- 126 to 818 +/- 419 ng/100 ml and an approximate doubling of the serum alkaline phosphatase activities from 193 +/- 46 to 376 +/- 115 U/liter, suggesting an initiated growth spurt.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1979 Sep
PMID:Short term growth in boys with delayed puberty after diagnostic human chorionic gonadotropin administration. 46 72

A retrospective study of 146 patients with metastatic disease was undertaken to verify the clinical impression that radionuclide scanning rarely, if ever, discloses hepatic metastases in breast cancer patients with normal serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels. Only two of 39 patients with abnormal liver scans had normal AP levels, and we conclude that liver scans are not necessary as a routine screening method for liver metastases when the AP level is normal. In contrast AP levels were not predictive of bone scan results. All patients with a twofold or greater elevation of the AP level had abnormal bone, liver, or bone and liver scans. Routine AP determinations provide accurate staging information, and their proper use can decrease the cost of initial and follow-up examination of patients with breast cancer.
JAMA 1979 Sep 14
PMID:Serum alkaline phosphatase determination. Value in the staging of advanced breast cancer. 47 66

The number of structural gene loci that code for the different molecular forms of human alkaline phosphatase is unknown. Physical properties of the enzymes, immunological data, chemical inhibition and genetic studies suggest that at least three structural genes are involved: one coding for alkaline phosphatase from placenta, another for the enzyme from intestine, and one or more for the enzymes from liver, kidney and bone. Badger and Sussman have shown that alkaline phosphatases from human liver and placenta are products of different structural genes, and Greene and Sussman have shown that alkaline phosphatase from a metastasised bronchogenic carcinoma was nearly identical to the enzyme from placenta. However, other tumour-associated alkaline phosphatases and the enzymes from normal tissue other than placenta and liver have not been identified by conclusive structural criteria, and thus it is not known whether these onco-alkaline phosphatases represent ectopic production or unusual post-translational modification of the enzymes found in normal tissues. We present here, using a sensitive peptide-mapping technique, structural evidence that the enzyme forms from liver, kidney and serum from a patient with Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans) are products of the same structural gene and can be easily distinguished from either the intestinal or placental isoenzymes. The technqiue seems to be useful for the classification of tumour-associated alkaline phosphatases on a structural basis.
Nature 1979 Sep 13
PMID:Evidence that three structural genes code for human alkaline phosphatases. 47 Oct 63


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