Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An infant with acrodermatitis enteropathica was studied before and after starting zinc therapy. Clinical recovery was rapid, and the plasma zinc, serum and mucosal alkaline phosphatase activities returned to normal. Light microscopy of small intestinal biopsies showed normal mucosa. Electron microscopy of the Paneth cells initially revealed abnormal inclusion bodies which disappeared during therapy, suggesting that the abnormality is secondary to zinc deficiency, and not a primary defect. These abnormal inclusions may represent altered secretory granules and a proliferation of lysosomes. We were unable to define the heterozygous state biochemically or histologically.
Gastroenterology 1977 Sep
PMID:Acrodermatitis enteropathica, zinc, and the Paneth cell. A case report with family studies. 19 72

Biochemical evidence for hypoparathyroidism and roentgenographic evidence for hyperparathyroidism were present in a 7-year-old girl with seizures and tetany. She was hypocalcemic (4.7 mg/dl), hyperphosphatemic (11 mg/dl), and normomagnesemic, with elevated parathyroid hormone level (2,603 pg/dl and 3,693 pg/dl in immunoassays utilizing two different antisera). Somatic features of pseudohypoparathyroidism were absent. Increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity (335 IU/liter) with evidence of subperiosteal bone resorption suggested parathyroid hormone activity on bone. Intramuscular administration of parathyroid extract caused a rise in serum calcium level (9.6 mg/dl) and a fall in serum phosphorus level (7.9 mg/dl). The serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase activity became normal during vitamin D therapy. Parathyroid hormone values and bone roentgenograms became normal. With serum calcium and phosphorus levels normal, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid infusion was followed by an increase in plasma parathyroid hormone level but not in urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or phosphaturia; in contrast, parathyroid extract induced cyclic AMP excretion and phosphaturia. These results suggest that endogenous parathyroid hormone in this patient affects bone resorption but not renal handling of phosphate. We infer that this represents a defective endogenous parathyroid hormone.
Pediatrics 1977 Sep
PMID:Hypo-hyperparathyroidism: evidence for a defective parathyroid hormone. 19 77

Carcinoma tissues induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene were investigated both morphologically and biochemically. The most prominent histological pattern was an undifferentiated carcinomatous one. While this type of carcinoma, histologically, appeared to be due to a uniform population of cells, electron microscopic examination revealed that the carcinoma tissue was composed of many types of cells including cells that contained either the brush border or the mucous droplets seen in goblet cells. In addition, tumor cells that contain serotonin-like granules were noticed. An electrophoretogram of alkaline phosphatase in the tissue extract of this type of carcinoma revealed distinctly the presence of its intestinal isozyme. These findings evidently show that carcinoma induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene includes in addition to the cells differentiated toward hepatocytes or cholangiolar cells, those differentiated toward intestinal epithelial cells.
Cancer Res 1978 Sep
PMID:Appearance of intestinal type of tumor cells in hepatoma tissue induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. 20 88

The protective and curative effects of dietary iron and ascorbic acid on chronic (180 days) cadmium toxicity in rats were examined. Growth retardation and anemia were observed in rats fed a diet containing 50 ppm of cadmium for 180 days; during this period the contents of iron in the liver, kidney, spleen, testis, intestine, and tibia decreased and the zinc contents of the liver and kidney increased, but the calcium content of bone did not change. Addition of 400 ppm of iron and 1% of ascorbic acid to the cadmium-containing diet overcame the growth retardation and anemia due to cadmium toxicity and reduced the tissue levels of cadmium; however, it did not restore the zinc contents in the liver, kidney, and bone to normal. Similar effects were observed when these compounds were added to cadmium containing diet for 90 days after feeding the cadmium diet alone for 90 days. The glutamic-pyruvic transminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transminase activities in the plasma of rats fed the cadmium diet increased significantly and these increases were prevented by supplementing the diet with iron and ascorbic acid. Glucose, urea, and alkaline phosphatase in the plasma and glycogen in the liver were not changed by feeding the cadmium diet for 180 days. These results indicate the long-term effectiveness of supplementing the diet with iron and ascorbic-acid for preventing and curing dietary cadmium toxicity in rats.
Am J Clin Nutr 1978 Sep
PMID:Long-term effectiveness of dietary iron and ascorbic acid in the prevention and cure of cadmium toxicity in rats. 21 Jun 49

The distribution of two cell membrane enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I has been studied in normal and leukaemic lymphocytes. No reduction in the level of activity of either enzyme was found in the chronic or acute B- and T-cell leukaemias. Alkaline phosphatase activity was elevated in the lymphocytes from T-CLL, cord blood and tonsils and the blast cells from Null-ALL. Alkaline phosphodiesterase was elevated in lymphocytes from cord blood and tonsils and the blast cells from Null-ALL. As findings in Null-ALL were based on only two cases, they need confirmation in a larger series. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to current theories of maturation and differentiation in the lymphoproliferative disorders.
Br J Haematol 1978 Sep
PMID:Cell membrane enzymes. II. Alkaline phosphatase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I in normal and leukaemic lymphocytes. 21 96

The effect of 1.8 mg/liter (LC50) of mercuric chloride exposure on the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, amylase, pepsin, trypsin, tripeptidase glycyl-glycine dipeptidase and carnosinase has been examined in Channa punctatus. The three phosphatases have been inhibited in the liver but showed an increase in activity in the intestine and pyloric caeca. Amylase, pepsin and trypsin have also shown a slight increase in activity. There has been no significant alteration in the activites of the peptidases. The results show that mercury inhibits the activites of phosphatases in the liver but has no significant effect on the digestive enzymes within the experimental period of 96 hours.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1978 Sep
PMID:Effect of mercuric chloride on the digestive system of a teleost fish, Channa punctatus. 21 48

The isoform spectra of alkaline and acid phosphatase, pyrophosphataes, and ATPase in periplasm of E. coli were studied using electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel with subsequent development of zimograms directly in the gel. Wild strains and mutants on 4 regulatory genes of alkaline phosphatase were analyzed. Mutations in regulatory genes were shown to influence the amount of each of the 3 isoforms of alkaline phosphatase and also the spectra of other phosphohydrolases.
Biokhimiia 1978 Sep
PMID:[Effect of mutations in regulatory genes for alkaline phosphatase on the phosphohydrolase spectrum of E. coli periplasm]. 21 71

The cell fusion has been studied in human reticular cell cultures J-96 and J-41 treated with the Sendai virus or with polyethylene glycol 1000 and 6000. The J-96 cells have a high alkaline phosphatase activity, in J-41 cells the enzyme is not detectable. No heterogenous alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in the protoplasm of symplasts 18 hours after virus cell fusion. It has been shown with polyethylene glycol treatment that during the fusion of cells J-96 and J-41 the enzyme activity was spreading over the symplast protoplasm.
Tsitologiia 1978 Sep
PMID:[Formation of heterosymplasts in human reticular cell cultures]. 21 17

The properties of a number of enzyme activities of the superovulated rat ovary have been studied to establish optimal assay conditions and specific assay procedures for each activity. The activities were chosen on the basis of their extensive use in other tissues of the rat as marker enzymes for the major cell organelles. Homogenates of superovulated rat ovaries were subjected to fractionation by differential rate centrifugation, and sedimentation profiles were constructed for each marker enzyme activity. The various subcellular fractions were also monitored by electron microscopy. The enrichment of fractions with particular organelles by electron microscopy, and enrichment of the appropriate organelle marker enzyme activities correlated well. Sedimentation profiles of a number of plasma membrane marker enzymes demonstrated a marked discrepancy between hCG-binding activity, and 5'-nucleotidase-, alkaline phosphatase-, and Mg2+-dependent ATP-ase on the one hand, and basal, hCG-stimulated, and fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities on the other hand. Fractions enriched in hCG-binding and adenylate cyclase activities were subjected to further fractionation on discontinuous sucrose density gradients. The distributions of the various plasma membrane markers again indicated a partial dissociations between hCG-binding and adenylate cyclase activities of luteinized rat ovaries, suggesting the existence of two distinct major plasma membrane populations, with different buoyant densities, marker enzyme profiles and adenylate cyclase and hormone-binding levels.
Endocrinology 1978 Sep
PMID:Interactions of gonadotropins with corpus luteum membranes. I. Properties and distributions of some marker enzyme activities after subcellular fractionation of the superovulated rat ovary. 21 56

We report the synthesis of adenosine [gamma-(S)-16O,17O,18O]triphosphate, an isotopically labeled species of ATP that is chiral at the gamma-phosphoryl group, the configuration of which has been confirmed by independent stereochemical analysis. This molecule has been used as a substrate in the reactions catalyzed by glycerol kinase and by acetate kinase. The resulting samples of isotopically labeled sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and of acetyl phosphate have been used as substrates in the alkaline phosphatase mediated transfer of the chiral phosphoryl groups to (S)-propane-1,2-diol, whence the configuration at phosphorus has been determined [Abbott, S. J., Jones, S. R., Weinman, S. A., & Knowles, J. R. (1978) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 2558]. It is shown that glycerol kinase and acetate kinase (and, by virtue of an earlier correlation, pyruvate kinase and hexokinase) proceed by pathways that result in inversion of the configuration at phosphorus. The sterochemical approach provides an access to the otherwise cryptic events that are involved in phosphoryl-group transfer within the ternary complexes of these kinases and their substrates.
Biochemistry 1979 Sep 04
PMID:Stereochemical course of phosphokinases. The use of adenosine [gamma-(S)-16O,17O,18O]triphosphate and the mechanistic consequences for the reactions catalyzed by glycerol kinase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and acetate kinase. 22 19


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