Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incubation of blood smears taken from cattle, sheep, goats horses, and pigs in the presence of urea, metal salts (zinc, magnesium, manganese, calcium) or amino acids (phenilalanine, alanine, glycine, histidine, methionine, cystine cysteine) at various concentrations revealed that the cytochemical activity of the alkaline phosphatase shows changes that depended on the animal species. Changes varying in character and intensity and depending on the molar concentrations of the agents used, were also established.
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PMID:[Influence of some activators and inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase activity in the leukocytes of farm animals]. 118 79

In the serum of 40 male and 40 female rats the following parameters were determined: Sodium, potassium, creatinine, chloride, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, glucose, urea, protein, cholesterol, bilirubin, lipids, alanine amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine arylamidase. The analyses were carried out in the same rats both after continuous feeding, and after a 24-hour fasting periods spaced at intervals of 3- to 4-weeks. The concentration of glucose and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were higher after feeding than after fasting, and in most cases these differences were statistically significant. The concentration of lipids tended towards increased values. The other parameters examined were slightly or not influenced by the time of the foregoing feeding.
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PMID:[The influence of feeding on clinical-chemical parameters in the serum of rats (author's transl)]. 119 11

Behaviour of the alkaline phosphatase (AP) present in blood serum, blood plasma, bile and extracts of organs (kidney, liver, intestinal mucosa, bone) was studied under various conditions of incubation (after preliminary heat treatment and after addition of L-phenyl-alanine). AP in serum and bile from calves and bullocks was very heat labile and did not inhibit phenylalanine much. EDTA and citrate were active inhibitors of AP, and therefore blood samples containing these anticoagulants are unsuitable for enzyme investigations. Out of four compounds tested, the substrate that was most rapidly split by AP from tissues was disodium phenylphosphate. AP activity was particularly high in kidney. The most heat-labile form of AP was that present in bone. AP in different tissues was inhibited to different extents by phenylalanine.
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PMID:[Studies on activity and properties of alkaline phosphatase in body fluids (plasma, serum, bile) and in various organs (kidney, liver, small intestine, bones) in cattle]. 123 Jan 6

Ifosfamide (IF) is an alkylating cytostatic derived from nitrogen mustard. In addition to its well-known urotoxic effects (hemorrhagic cystitis), several cases of Fanconi syndrome following IF therapy have been reported. No information is available concerning the pathomechanisms of this tubulotoxicity. We used the permanent renal epithelial cell line LLC-PK1 in order to investigate whether major metabolites of IF (i.e. 4-OH-IF, acrolein and chloracetyldehyde) induced the transport defects most frequently detected after IF therapy in vivo. LLC-PK1 cells of passages 162-177, grown in plastic culture dishes, were used in a confluent state. Sodium-dependent and independent fluxes of l-[3H]alanine and of D-[3H]glucose were determined by standard techniques. Activities of marker enzymes of apical and basolateral membranes, of mitochondria and of endoplasmic reticulum were determined in cell homogenates. IF itself has no detectable effect on fluxes of l-alanine and D-glucose in LLC-PK1 cells. The IF metabolite 4-OOH-IF induces a clear inhibition of sodium-dependent fluxes of both substrates after a 24-hour exposure of cells to 100 mumol/l of 4-OOH-IF. Chloracetaldehyde induces a biphasic response of sodium-dependent fluxes of l-alanine with increased uptake rates at low concentrations (< 200 mumol/l) and with a short incubation time, while higher concentrations and long exposure of the cells leads to a reduction in sodium coupled transport. Glucose transport is affected in a comparable way, however, in contrast to alanine transport, chloracetaldehyde also stimulates sodium-independent fluxes of glucose. Acrolein is the most toxic substance tested. It severely damages cell monolayers at concentrations beyond 75 mumol/l. Sodium-coupled glucose and alanine transport is inhibited by acrolein at concentrations higher than 50 mumol/l. Sodium-coupled glucose transport is more sensitive to all metabolites tested than alanine transport. While acrolein strongly affects both transport systems, marker enzymes of the apical plasma membrane, i.e. alkaline phosphatase and leucine amino-peptidase, are not significantly inhibited, suggesting a specificity of the toxic effect for the transport proteins. We conclude that LLC-PK1 cells represent a good model for further investigation of the pathogenesis of Fanconi syndrome after IF therapy. Sodium-dependent transport systems are more sensitive to acrolein than other cell surface proteins.
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PMID:Inhibition of sodium-dependent transport systems in LLC-PK1 cells by metabolites of ifosfamide. 128 22

In order to assess the functional state of the liver in 45 repair service workers of a chemical plant producing pesticides the serum concentration and electrophoretic pattern of proteins, the concentration of bilirubin and the activity of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl- transpeptidase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, and lactic and malic dehydrogenase were determined. As compared to 35 healthy controls, not exposed to noxious chemicals, a significantly lower serum protein concentration with higher percentage of gamma-globulins and lower albumins and alpha 2-globulins were observed, the serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities were significantly elevated. Ultrasound examination of the hepatic structure revealed liver steatosis in 11 (24.4%) workers. The results of our study point to a discrete lesion of the liver.
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PMID:[Biochemical indices of liver function in workers from repair brigades in chemical plants "Organika-Azot" in Jaworz]. 128 52

In glycogen storage disease type III (glycogen debranching enzyme (DE) deficiency), the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase may be strikingly elevated during childhood but are low during adult life. To determine the pattern of the elevated serum enzyme activities in relationship to diet, the biochemical subtype and clinical symptoms, 13 patients with DE deficiency were studied. Activities of serum aspartate and alanine transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were markedly elevated during infancy. Continued elevation of enzyme activities during childhood appeared to be related to DE deficiency in liver, but unrelated to DE deficiency in muscle. Activity elevations correlated inconsistently with diet and poorly with childhood growth rate or the presence of hypoglycaemia. The serum enzyme activities declined around puberty concomitantly with a decrease in liver size. Although periportal fibrosis and micronodular cirrhosis indicated the presence of hepatocellular damage during childhood, the decline in serum enzyme activities with age and the absence of overt hepatic dysfunction suggest that the fibrotic process may not always progress.
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PMID:Glycogen debranching enzyme deficiency: long-term study of serum enzyme activities and clinical features. 129 83

In 45 repair service workers of a chemical plant producing pesticides the serum concentration of creatinine and uric acid as well as the concentration of proteins and the activity of alkaline phosphatase, a alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, lactic dehydrogenase, and N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase in urine were determined. As compared to 31 healthy controls, the serum creatinine concentration was significantly higher (in any case the creatinine and uric acid concentration did not exceed the upper normal limit), the urine lactic dehydrogenase and N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase activity, factored by creatinine, was significantly elevated. The results of the examinations point to a discrete lesion of the kidneys.
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PMID:[Activity of selected enzymes in urine of workers from the repair brigades in chemical plants "Organika-Azot" in Jaworz]. 129 10

Biotinylation of fusion proteins in E. coli was studied using a sequence of Propionibacterium freudenreichii transcarboxylase 1.3S biotin subunit. As the biotinylation sequence, we examined two sequences: one was of amino acid residues [84-123] of 1.3S, a partial sequence containing a region from a conserved tetrapeptide (Ala-Met-Bct-Met) around the biotinyl lysine (Bct) to the carboxyl terminal; the other was of an almost entire sequence [18-123]. We constructed recombinant plasmids for fusion proteins of beta-galactosidase, of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and of alkaline phosphatase. We found the biotinylation in the [18-123] sequence fused to alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:In vivo biotinylation of fusion proteins expressed in Escherichia coli with a sequence of Propionibacterium freudenreichii transcarboxylase 1.3S biotin subunit. 136 26

We studied the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid in 19 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, mainly stages III and IV. The dose of UDCA employed was 10-15 mg/kg body weight per day. After 1 yr, 17 patients were still using UDCA, and the mean values of serum alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and alanine-aminotransferase had fallen significantly. Serum bilirubin, initially elevated in 7 of the 13 late-stage (III and IV) patients, showed a further increase in 3 of the 7 patients. In 2 of these 3 patients, UDCA had to be withdrawn (dose reduction had no effect). One patient developed a decompensated cirrhosis in spite of UDCA withdrawal. Pruritus worsened in 4 patients, all of whom were late stage patients. Ten late-stage (III-IV) patients showed improvement in liver biochemistry and clinical findings as did all early-stage PBC patients. Thus, UDCA treatment is not beneficial for all PBC patients. Special care should be taken in the early phase of UDCA therapy in later-stage (III-IV) patients: frequent biochemical checks should be carried out, for instance every 2 weeks in the first 2 months after starting UDCA, especially the estimation of bilirubin.
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PMID:Ursodeoxycholic acid treatment in primary biliary cirrhosis with the emphasis on late stage disease. 140 34

It has been established in experiments on white rats that antituberculous drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol) given in toxic doses affect the liver, its membranes and organelles, inhibit bile production and bioenergy. This is supported by activation of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase in blood serum and acid phosphatase in the liver, by a decrease of the activity of Na(+)-, K(+)-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochromoxidase in the liver, lowering of the rate of bile secretion, excretion of bile acids, bilirubin and cholesterol with bile. Provided the drugs are administered in combination, the hepatotoxicity rises, particularly in combination of isoniazid with rifampicin, and especially as isoniazid is combined with rifampicin and ethambutol.
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PMID:[The comparative action of isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol on liver function]. 142 54


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