Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hexachlorocyclohexane (60.0 mg/kg/d) and chlorpropham (50.0 mg/kg/d) given to male rats daily orally for 30 d caused subtle biochemical lesions. The significant rise in the activity of alkaline phosphatase in liver and serum and of GOT and GPT in liver with substantial weight increase of liver has been suggestive of the initiation of biochemical lesions and adaptation of the organism. Very severe hepatocellular damage is forecasted if the pesticides are given for a prolonged period and in higher concentrations to animals.
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PMID:Interaction of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and chlorpropham (CIPC) in male rats. 246 84

Morphologic and functional hepatic changes occur in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with this disease often require the administration of artificial nutritional support. Liver function tests (LFT) derangement is a widely recognized side-effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Therefore, the use of this modality of nutritional support may be an additional factor to cause hepatic damage in IBD patients. However whether or not the same occurs in patients receiving total enteral nutrition (TEN) is not well-established. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of TEN upon LFT in patients with moderate to severe acute attacks of IBD, by means of a prospective, controlled, and nonrandomized design. Forty-nine patients were included; 29 (11 patients with ulcerative colitis and 18 with Crohn's disease) received TEN, and 20 (11 with ulcerative colitis and 9 with Crohn's disease) did not. Both groups were homogeneous regarding age, sex, disease activity index, nutritional status, and length of the study (24.8 +/- 1.3 vs 23.9 +/- 16.8 days). In all cases, weekly measurements of serum alkaline phosphatase, GOT, and GPT were performed. There were no significant differences in LFT at the beginning of the study between groups. The percentage of patients showing derangement of some LFT during the study did not differ between both groups: six of 29 (20.6%) in TEN group vs three of 20 (15%) in control group. Six out of the nine patients (in both groups) who developed LFT derangement had one or more causes, other than TEN for explaining hepatic dysfunction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Changes in liver function tests in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on enteral nutrition. 250 77

An open, randomized, controlled study including 57 patients with acute cerebral infarct was performed. All the patients, followed and controlled by the same examiner, received, in the first ten days, 24 mg/die i.v. of dexamethasone. 28 patients were also treated with mesoglycan (150 mg/die i.m. for five days and 144 mg/die per os for a further twenty-five days). The differences between the basal and final scores in the mesoglycan group and in the controls were not statistically significant as analysed by the Mann-Whitney U test. The mesoglycan influenced only slightly the laboratory values (PT, PTT, alkaline phosphatase, GOT, GPT, cholesterol and triglycerides, fibrinogen, blood glucose, azotemia and creatinine) performed before the beginning of the treatment, as their changes after thirty days of therapy were in the normal range. The mesoglycan was very well tolerated and no side-effects were observed during the treatment.
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PMID:[Mesoglycan in acute focal cerebral ischemia]. 253 10

BALB/C female mice were given different dosages of TNF in 0.1 ml sterile PBS containing 1% human serum albumin. Control mice were injected with PBS and human albumin alone. Autopsy examination was carried out and blood biochemistry studied. The results showed that the LD50 was 6 X 10(7) mu/kg. There were serious hyperemia and inflammation of the organs of dead mice, while other smaller dosages of TNF caused acute toxicity of different degrees, except for the 3 X 10(6) mu/kg dosage. Changes of alkaline phosphatase were significant compared with control. Blood sugar increases correlated with the TNF dosage. Changes of GPT and BUN were insignificant. TNF levels in the sera of humans and rabbits were also studied following TNF injection. The serum level of TNF decreased rather quickly in both animals and patients: about 85% of TNF was lost within 5 min after TNF injection, and no TNF could be detected 6 hrs after injection.
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PMID:[Studies on acute toxicity and serum level changes of tumor necrosis factor]. 253 78

The activities in serum of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and cholinesterase were compared after complete biliary obstruction (CBO) and choledochocaval fistula (CCF) in the rat. CCF was used as a model of complete biliary retention without bile stasis and without increased pressure in the biliary tract. The increases in AP, GLDH and gamma-GT within 24-h post-op. show no difference between the two experimental groups. The conclusion is that the retention of biliary constituents alone is responsible for the increase in the levels of serum activity and that other conditions like bile stasis and increased pressure in the biliary tract do not play an important role in the pathogenesis of these alterations. The rise of GPT activity in CCF is of a lesser degree than in CBO.
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PMID:The serum activities of AP, gamma-GT, GLDH, GPT and CHE after complete biliary obstruction and choledochocaval fistula in the rat. 256 1

To establish the prevalence of liver enzyme alterations in the course of serious infections of diverse origin, 112 patients were studied retrospectively for the levels of GOT, GPT, LDH, GGT, alkaline phosphatase (FA) and bilirubin (BIL). Cases in which the values might be altered due to causes other than the infectious process were previously excluded. The prevalence of affectation of each of the parameters was the following: GGT, 39.1%; LDH, 33.3%; FAL, 30.1%; GOT, 29.5%; GPT, 24.8%; BIL, 18.3%. Seventy percent had at least one of these values changed. No significant differences were found in the incidence or intensity of the analytic alterations in function of the origin of the of infection, which suggests that these modification are nonspecific. Bilirubin levels were found to be significantly higher in the patients who died. On realizing the linear correlation analysis between the diverse parameters studied, a good correlation was found between them, suggesting a common pathogenetic mechanism.
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PMID:[Changes of liver enzymes during severe infections]. 257 Apr 47

1. The hematology and blood chemistry of 15-68-day-old chicks have been studied. 2. Red cell numbers (1,900,000/mm3), hemoglobin content (11.5 g/dl) and hematocrit (37.5) were similar in both species of storks. 3. Total numbers of leucocytes (63,000/mm3) were similar in both species, whilst differential leucocyte counts were not. 4. Higher levels of plasma protein, GOT and cholesterol in HDL were found in white storks when compared with black storks but not differences were detected in plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, GPT and alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Hematology and blood chemistry of chicks of white and black storks (Ciconia ciconia and Ciconia nigra). 257 67

1. Analysis of biochemical parameters were carried out on material pooled from 30 female sheep (Ovis aries ligeriensis). 2. The values determined were for the common metabolites and enzymes utilized for specific studies in general metabolism (urea, glucose, cholesterol, lipids, bilirubin, uric acid, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, GOT, GPT, LDH, LAP, CGT, CK and amylase). 3. Results of these studies were compared with values from normal human adults. 4. The differences obtained in human and sheep ranges can be explained by the different physiology of the two species. 5. This study gives values for the sheep as an experimental animal in biomedical research.
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PMID:Blood biochemistry values of sheep (Ovis aries ligeriensis). 257 57

The biochemical hepatic profile analysis was performed in 252 neonatal Holstein-Friesian calves, aged from 1 to 10 days. The activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase as well as beta-glucuronidase were estimated in blood serum and in faeces. A significant decrease in glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase as well as gamma-glutamyltransferase was observed in the blood serum while in the faeces the peak of activity took place between 4-5 days for beta-glucuronidase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase and 7-8 days for glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. No significant relation was found between activities of the examined enzymes in blood serum and faeces. Determination of GOT and GPT, AP, GGTP in serum may be used to describe liver function in neonatal calves. No changes in total bilirubin and total protein levels in blood serum and faeces were observed during the first 10 days of calf life.
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PMID:[Biochemical profile of the liver of calves aged 1 to 10 days]. 257 37

The chronic oral toxicity of propiverine hydrochloride (P-4), a new anti-pollakiuria agent, was studied in beagle dogs. Groups of 6 males and 6 females were treated with P-4 at doses of 0, 0.3, 1, 3, 9 mg/kg/day for one year and thereafter 2 animals of both sexes in each group were placed on withdrawal for one month. During administration and recovery period, no death occurred in any dosed animals. As a toxic sign, only the frequency of vomiting was increased in animals of 1, 3 and 9 mg/kg/day groups. Body weight, food and water consumption were not affected by the P-4 administration. In serum chemical examinations, gamma-GTP activity was increased in both sexes of 9 mg/kg/day group at 6 month of administration. Further decrease in total and free cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid, increase in GPT activity were detected in some animals of 9 mg/kg/day group at 12 month of administration. In addition decreasing tendency in levels of albumin was noted in males of 9 mg/kg/day group at 9 and 12 month of administration. And also, a gradual increase in total protein level and a gradual decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity were seen in control group, but in females or males of 9 mg/kg/day group, those changes were mild. Urine pH rised slightly in females of 3 mg/kg/day group and in both sexes of 9 mg/kg/day group. No specific findings attributable to P-4 treatment were detected in ECG, heart rate, funduscopy, hematology, fecal occult blood test and necropsy. The absolute and/or relative liver weight in males of 3 and 9 mg/kg/day groups were significantly increased. Light-microscopically, the hypertrophy of hepatocytes characterized by homogenization and enlargement of cytoplasmic space, and concentric inclusions in hepatocytic cytoplasm were detected in both sexes of 3 and 9 mg/kg/day groups. Corresponding to these microscopical findings, the following changes were observed electron-microscopically, the proliferation of smooth surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in hepatocytes in both sexes of 1, 3 and 9 mg/kg/day groups, lamellar bodies in hepatocytes in females of 3 mg/kg/day group, and in both sexes of 9 mg/kg/day group, and annulate lamellae in hepatocytes were detected in one female of 9 mg/kg/day group. After the recovery period, the above mentioned abnormalities were markedly attenuated or disappeared except the changes in hepatocytes. From these results, it seemed that 9 mg/kg/day of P-4 might be safety dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[One-year chronic oral toxicity study of propiverine hydrochloride in dogs followed by one-month recovery]. 260 51


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