Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

VP 16-213 (etoposide, abbr. to VP), an oncostatic drug, was administered orally to Crj : CD (Sprague-Dawley) rats of both sexes at dose levels of 1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg/day for six months with the object of examining its chronic toxicity and the reversibility of toxic effects. The summarized results obtained are as follows: VP 30 mg/kg suppressed body weight increase and feed intake, and brought transient diarrhea, anemia and depilation. Some animals receiving this dose died showing systemic debility, emaciation and ataxia. VP 3 mg/kg and higher predominantly decreased red blood cell count as well as white blood cell count accompanied with lowered lymphocyte fraction. VP 30 mg/kg lowered total serum protein content and elevated A/G ratio in males, and lowered serum alkaline phosphatase activity in females. VP 10 and 30 mg/kg predominantly induced thymic atrophy, testicular atrophy with suppression of spermatogenesis and tubular atrophy, a decrease in epididymal weight, and splenic erythropoiesis. Above-described changes excluding the findings on testis and epididymis in VP 30 mg/kg group were shown to be generally reversible. Based on these results, the non-effect dose level of VP under the present experimental condition was estimated to be 1 mg/kg/day against rats of both sexes.
 ...
PMID:[Toxicity studies of VP 16-213 (III)--Oral six-month chronic toxicity in rats]. 376

VP 16-213 (etoposide, abbr. to VP), an oncostatic drug, was administered intravenously to Crj : CD (Sprague-Dawley) rats of both sexes at dose levels of 0.15, 0.50, 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg/day for one month with the object of examining its subacute toxicity and the reversibility of toxic effects. For the purpose of comparison, vincristine (abbr. to VCR) was administered in the same manner at dose levels of 0.04 and 0.08 mg/kg/day. The summarized results obtained are as follows: VP 0.50 mg/kg and higher suppressed body weight increase and food intake dose-responsively. VP 4.5 mg/kg brought depilation and anemia, and some of male animals receiving this dose died showing systemic debility, emaciation and ataxia. VP 0.50 mg/kg and higher decreased white blood cell count accompanied with lowered lymphocyte fraction, and 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg predominantly decreased red blood cell count. VP 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg lowered total serum protein content and serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and elevated A/G ratio. VP 0.50 mg/kg and higher predominantly decreased testicular weight, and 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg predominantly brought thymic atrophy, hypoplasia of bone marrow and testicular atrophy with suppression of spermatogenesis and tubular atrophy. VP 4.5 mg/kg induced atrophy of germinal centers and hemosiderosis in spleen, and epididymal atrophy with decrease of sperms in number and appearance of giant cells. Above-described changes excluding the findings on testis and epididymis were generally reversible. Most of the findings for a reference drug, VCR, were similar to those for VP, and their severities brought by VP 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg were comparable to those by VCR 0.04 and 0.08 mg/kg, respectively. Based on these results, the non-effect dose level of VP under the present experimental condition was estimated to be 0.15 mg/kg/day against rats of both sexes.
 ...
PMID:[Toxicity studies of VP 16-213 (IV)--Intravenous one-month subacute toxicity in rats]. 376 1

We investigated the composition of the precipitate that forms when wheat-germ lectin derived from Triticum vulgaris is added to serum. A number of serum proteins are precipitated, representing about 2.5% of the total serum protein. This study demonstrates that the interaction of this lectin with the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase is not specific.
 ...
PMID:Precipitation of serum proteins by the lectin from wheat-germ. 380 72

Aflatoxin carcinogenesis appears to relate to multiple factors. This includes bulky adduct formation at DNA guanine N-7. The process also requires more extensive physiological degradation, possibly by the toxin alone as the active principle, but in instances also involving other assaults (e.g., hepatitis B virus). Since aflatoxin carcinogenesis involves complex effects, we have undertaken to define the range of influence of this common food contaminant upon a susceptible model, the broiler-type chick. Aflatoxicosis in two treated groups was indicated by jaundice, coagulopathy, dehydration of combs and shanks, retardation of body weight, and decrease in bursa weight. Blood clotting time, hemoglobin content, erythrocyte and packed-cell volume were affected. Hepatocytes were swollen and had undergone fatty degeneration. Bile duct hyperplasia was evident. Total serum protein, alkaline phosphatase, creatine, lactate dehydrogenase, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and glutamyl transpeptidase were similarly abnormal in birds receiving the contaminated (0.5 and 2.5 micrograms/g aflatoxin B1) feed rations. The aflatoxin B1 and its metabolites were isolated by HPLC from chick serum, liver and muscle.
 ...
PMID:Clinical and biochemical effects of aflatoxin in feed ration of chicks. 392 39

Unconjugated bilirubin and its mono- and diester conjugates were measured by alkaline methanolysis and normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (AMHPLC) in 195 serum specimens obtained from 63 patients with various hepatobiliary disorders and from 47 healthy adult controls. With this assay, esterified bilirubins were undetectable in the controls, and detection of esterified pigment in a sample was interpreted as an abnormal result. Using this criterion, the AMHPLC result in the clinical anicteric patients (n = 39) was more frequently abnormal (87%) than the corresponding value of fasting serum bile acids (48%), SGPT (52%), total bilirubins (55%), alkaline phosphatase (71%) or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (71%). The cumulative frequency of abnormality of these tests was comparable to that of an abnormal AMHPLC result alone. All icteric patients had detectable esterified bilirubins as well as an increased alkaline phosphatase level, while a normal result was found for serum bile acids in 34%, for SGPT in 29% and for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in 11%, respectively. In most hyperbilirubinemic patients, total serum bilirubin levels, as determined by a conventional diazo method, exceeded the value obtained by AMHPLC. This discrepancy, which appears to reflect the presence of bilirubin covalently bound to serum protein, was particularly pronounced following desobstructive intervention in patients with obstructive jaundice, in whom the decline of serum bilirubins showed a fast and a slow disappearance component. The latter portion seemed to correspond with slow plasma clearance of bilirubin covalently linked to serum albumin, disappearing at a rate comparable to that of the albumin moiety.
 ...
PMID:Serum bilirubins in hepatobiliary disease: comparison with other liver function tests and changes in the postobstructive period. 396 52

Rapid and selective removal of plasma vitamin D-binding protein was effected by the serial passage of plasma over four columns of agarose containing covalently linked skeletal muscle G-actin. By maintaining an actin-to-binding protein molar ratio of at least 4 to 1 throughout, greater than 99% of the binding protein was removed from the fourth column's eluate. In contrast, 87% of the total plasma or serum protein applied was recovered, and electrophoretic analyses of human and bovine sera that had undergone these affinity chromatography steps revealed no major alterations in protein distribution. The procedure also removes vitamin D sterols selectively, with preference for 25-hydroxycalciferol (90% removal) over 1,25-dihydroxycalciferol (65-70% removal) and calciferol (70% removal), in accordance with the known affinity displayed by the binding protein for these sterol ligands. Recovery of other serum constituents (cortisol, proteins, peptide hormones, calcium and alkaline phosphatase) was excellent, further confirming the selectivity of the technique. Utilizing vitamin D-deficient serum, serum depleted of the vitamin D-binding protein was not distinguishable from control serum in supporting the growth of human fibroblasts in vitro. In comparison with other methods to remove serum-binding protein or sterols, the present technique is more selective and can be used for mammalian and avian sera. Material so prepared could prove useful for studies of the cellular access, metabolism, and effects of vitamin D sterols in vitro.
 ...
PMID:Selective, rapid removal of the vitamin D-binding protein and its sterol ligands from human and bovine plasma. 403 42

Eight hematologic parameter values, 16 serum biochemical constituents, serum protein fractions and albumin-globulin ratios were determined in blood samples obtained from 879 normal, healthy Beagle dogs of both sexes which had been reproduced and bred in our laboratories. The blood samples were collected from the Beagles that ranged in monthly ages from 1 to 12 and in monthly ages from 13 to 121, which were classified as the adult class. As a result, red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentrations and packed cell volumes increased with growth. Red blood cell parameters of normal Beagles in our laboratories were rather higher than those in literatures presented by many other researchers. MCV decreased and MCHC increased gradually with age. Total serum protein concentrations increased with growth. alpha 1-1 and alpha 1-2 Globulin fractions descended, but beta 2 and gamma globulin fractions ascended in serum proteins. Alkaline phosphatase activities, inorganic phosphorus concentrations and glucose concentrations decreased conspicuously with growth. Leucine aminopeptidase activities and calcium concentrations decreased slightly. Serum cholinesterase and LDH activities showed a tendency to diminish similarly. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations multiplied gradually. Hematologic parameters became almost steady in our 7-month-old dogs or older ones and serum biochemical constituents had a tendency to be stable in our 7- to 9-month-old dogs or older ones in the blood. White blood cell counts, alkaline phosphatase activities, inorganic phosphorus concentrations, glucose concentrations, leucine aminopeptidase activities and calcium concentrations were lowest in the adult class.
 ...
PMID:[Successive changes in the blood composition of experimental normal beagle dogs associated with age]. 408 64

Rhesus monkeys were given either high estrogen, low progesterone or low estrogen-high progesterone oral contraceptive agents (OCAs) and maintained on either a 16% protein diet or a 4% protein diet. Both OCAs created a small but significant fall in hemoglobin and serum protein. On both diets, OCAs led to a gradual elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase and serum glutamic oxalic transaminase (SGOT) activities. There were no histologic liver lesions. On the low protein diet, glucose tolerance was impaired between cycles 10 and 11, and on the high protein diet between cycles 16 and 20. Vitamins B-12, A, and thiamine tended to be lower in OCA animals. The conclusion of these experiments is that the hazard of using OCAs is not exaggerated by protein deficiency.
 ...
PMID:Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives in monkeys fed on adequate and low protein diets. 420 57

The following recommendations are to be given for the basis diagnosis of hepatitis: --In the blood donation and blood transfusion institutions the control of the donors is performed by means of the combination ALAT and HBs-antigen (transmigration electrophoresis); depending on methods limits were established showing a high diagnostic specificity. Thus, no doubt, the diagnostic sensitivity is decreased, but the number of the examined persons with falsely positive findings probably diminishes. --For the diagnostics in the clinic the parameters ALAT, ASAT, bilirubin and the thymol turbidity test are at the disposal as criteria of the liver cell damage as well as AP (alkaline phosphatase), AAP and GGT as criteria of the cholostasis and the thymol turbidity test, serum protein including immunoglobulins as criteria of the mesenchymal reaction. The reference areas must be established method-specifically corresponding to the interrogation of the physician. --The isoenzymes of the ALD, the ASAT and the LDH represent an essential enrichment of the diagnostic and prognostic estimation of hepatitis. But at present it is not yet possible to determine these parameters in routine work. However, there gradual introduction into practice should be the aim.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis of acute hepatitis]. 613 83

Peripheral blood specimens were obtained from 50 patients with various stages of breast cancer (I-II = 7, III = 6, IV = 24, treated and NED = 13), and 20 biochemical tests were performed. There are significant differences of hemoglobin, LDH, SGPT, serum protein, albumin, and alpha globulin values between patients with early (I, II, NED) and late (III, IV) lesions. Among patients with stage IV diseases, those patients with bony metastases had significantly higher values of alkaline phosphatase, alpha-1 globulin, IgA, and C-reactive protein than those with nonosseous lesions. Neither CEA nor pregnancy-associated alpha-2 glycoprotein showed any correlation with different stages or sites of breast cancer in these small series of patients.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical evaluation of patients with breast cancer. 617 8


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>