Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 1-mg/ml amount of threonine (8.4 mM) inhibited growth and sporulation of Bacillus subtilis 168. Inhibition of sporulation was efficiently reversed by valine and less efficiently by pyruvate, arginine, glutamine, and isoleucine. Inhibition of vegetative growth was reversed by asparate and glutamate as well as by valine, arginine, or glutamine. Cells in minimal growth medium were inhibited only transiently by very high concentrations of threonine, whereas inhibition of sporulation was permanent. Addition of threonine prevented the normal increase in alkaline phosphatase and reduced the production of extracellular protease by about 50%, suggesting that threonine blocked the sporulation process relatively early. 2-Ketobutyrate was able to mimic the effect of threonine on sporulation. Sporulation in a strain selected for resistance to azaleucine was partially resistant. Seventy-five percent of the mutants selected for the ability to grow vegetatively in the presence of high threonine concentrations were found to be simultaneously isoleucine auxotrophs. In at least one of these mutants, the threonine resistance phenotpye could not be dissociated from the isoleucine requirement by transformation. This mutation was closely linked to a known ilvA mutation (recombination index, 0.16). This strain also had reduced intracellular threonine deaminase activity. These results suggest that threonine inhibits B. subtilis by causing valine starvation.
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PMID:Inhibition of Bacillus subtilis growth and sporulation by threonine. 10 59

The efficacy of a new estrogen-progestin contraceptive agent Ovidon was evaluated in 65 women. The women were taking the contraceptive for 47 cycles (each Ovidon pill contained 0.25 mg of D-norgestrel and 0.05 mg of ethinyl estradiol). Prior to the Ovidon treatment, 15 women did not use any contraceptive agents or devices, 5 used hormonal contraceptives, 2 used IUDs, 4 used mechanical devices, 20 practiced coitus interraptus, and 9 used a biological method. Ovidon administration provided a 100% contraceptive effect. Side effects of Ovidon included fatigue (15 women), headache (4), irritability (3), fullness of the breast (27), hemorrhage (12), vaginal discharge (6), and changes in libido (22). Ovidon administration did not induce amenorrhea. A 1-3 kg weight gain was observed in 5 women. Laboratory studies showed no changes in hemoglobin levels, leukocyte count, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase levels. These findings indicated the safety and contraceptive efficacy of Ovidon.
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PMID:[Clinical trial of the combined contraceptive preparation, Ovidon]. 39 Oct 67

Immunophenotypic analysis of acute leukemias is time consuming and often requires flow cytometric analysis. A 1-hour alkaline phosphatase-labeled streptavidin-biotin immunocytochemical procedure was evaluated as an alternative. Seventeen cases of acute leukemia, including 10 acute lymphocytic (ALL) and 7 acute nonlymphocytic, were phenotyped by the rapid immunocytochemical procedure and the results were compared with standard analyses. In all 17 cases, the diagnoses made using standard cytochemical and immunologic methods were the same as obtained in blinded reviews by rapid immunocytochemical analysis. Nine cases of precursor B-cell ALL were positive for CD19 and/or CD22. Five CD19 + cases of ALL reacted with anti-myeloperoxidase, with one case also positive for CD15. CD15 positivity was confirmed on repeated study as well as with plastic section immunoperoxidase staining. Nine cases of ALL were positive for CD10 and eight were positive for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. One case of ALL marked as T-cell ALL with CD1, CD2, CD3, and CD7. All cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were positive for CD15, CD13, and/or CD33; anti-myeloperoxidase was positive in all but one case of monocytic leukemia. All cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were negative for CD10 and one was positive for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Acute leukemias apparently may be phenotyped easily and accurately in 1 hour with this immunocytochemical technique, and slides may be stored permanently for review. There was in these 17 cases high correlation of the diagnoses with standard flow cytometric and cytochemical results. This rapid method allows a coordinated evaluation of morphologic features and immunophenotype; the latter features facilitated confirmation of unexpected reactivity of myeloid markers CD15 and MPO-7 in some cases of ALL.
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PMID:Rapid immunocytochemical analysis of acute leukemias. 159 10

A 7.2 kb Bg/II restriction fragment, which increases the production of several extracellular enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, amylase, protease, lipase and beta-galactosidase, was cloned in Streptomyces lividans from the DNA of S. griseus ATCC 10137. This gene (named saf) showed a positive gene dosage effect on production of extracellular enzymes. When the saf gene was introduced into cells in high copy numbers it delayed the formation of pigments and spores in S. lividans and also retarded actinorhodin production in Streptomyces coelicolor. The saf gene hybridized with specific bands in the DNA of several Streptomyces strains tested. A 1 kb fragment containing the saf gene was sequenced and contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 306 nucleotides which encodes a polypeptide of Mr 10,500. This ORF is contained within a fragment of 432 bp which retained activity in Streptomyces. A fragment with promoter activity is present upstream of the saf reading frame. The predicted Saf polypeptide has a strong positive charge, and does not show a typical amino acid composition for a membrane protein, and contains a DNA-binding domain similar to those found in several regulatory proteins.
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PMID:Cloning and characterization of a gene of Streptomyces griseus that increases production of extracellular enzymes in several species of Streptomyces. 170 69

Several unknown Escherichia coli genes for different species of acid phosphatase were cloned in vivo with the plasmid Mu dII4042. When present in a multicopy state, each gene promoted hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-phosphate at acidic pH. Among seven recombinant clones that encoded periplasmic acid phosphatase activities, five different genes could be distinguished by the pH optimum and substrate preference for the enzyme and by the restriction enzyme pattern. A 1.7-kilobase recombinant DNA fragment, common to two clones, was inserted into plasmid pBR322 and shown to contain a new gene, agp, which leads to the overexpression of the periplasmic acid glucose-1-phosphatase, a dimer of a 44-kilodalton polypeptide. Fusions of agp to gene phoA deprived of its own signal sequence conferred an alkaline phosphatase-positive phenotype to bacteria, showing the presence of an export signal on agp. The resulting hybrid proteins were characterized by immunoprecipitation with an antiserum directed against purified acid phosphatase or against alkaline phosphatase, showing that agp is the structural gene of the acid phosphatase. The beginning, the orientation, and the end of gene agp on the cloned DNA fragment were determined by the characteristics of such hybrid proteins.
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PMID:Acid phosphatases of Escherichia coli: molecular cloning and analysis of agp, the structural gene for a periplasmic acid glucose phosphatase. 284 29

In platelets, agonists that stimulate phosphoinositide turnover cause the rapid phosphorylation of a protein of apparent relative molecular mass (Mr) 40-47,000, called P47, by protein kinase C (PKC). Diverse identities have been ascribed to P47 including lipocortin, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphomonoesterase, pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha subunit and an actin regulatory protein. We have isolated human P47 clones by immunological screening of a lambda gt11 complementary DNA library from HL-60 cells, a human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line. P47 recombinants thus identified hybridized to a 3.0 kilobase (kb) messenger RNA in mature white blood cell lines; the same mRNA was induced in HL-60 cells during differentiation. A 1,050 base pair (bp) open reading frame that could encode a protein of Mr40,087 was confirmed by comparison with peptide sequences from platelet P47, and by expression of the putative recombinant P47 in E. coli and in vitro. The P47 sequence appears to have been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, and is not similar to any other known sequence including human lipocortin and the alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase. The P47 protein contains a potential Ca2+-binding 'EF-hand' structure and a region that strongly resembles known PKC phosphorylation sites.
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PMID:Molecular cloning and expression of the major protein kinase C substrate of platelets. 289 30

A 1.6-yr-old Hispanic boy with sparse hair, muscle weakness, severe growth retardation, and rickets was found to have hypocalcemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and high circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] levels. One year of treatment with a high dose of 1,25-(OH)2D3 (20 micrograms, orally, daily) resulted in marked subjective and radiological improvement; there was a parallel improvement in serum calcium, phosphorus, PTH, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin concentrations. Soluble extracts from cultured skin fibroblasts did not bind [3H]1,25-(OH)2D3 using standard methods. To evaluate the possibility of receptors with abnormally low affinity, we tested for binding with [3H]1,25-(OH)2D3 concentrations higher than those usually used. In one experiment, there was a suggestion of low affinity binding. Hormone receptors with abnormally low affinity for 1,25-(OH)2D may explain this patients resistance to 1,25-(OH)2D. Therapy to maintain extremely high serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 concentrations markedly improved mineral homoeostasis, but did not affect the hair disorder.
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PMID:Severely deficient binding of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D to its receptors in a patient responsive to high doses of this hormone. 301 41

Photobiotin was used to prepare biotinylated, nonradioactive nucleic acid probes for the detection of the RNA of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in plant extracts. A 1.7-kb cDNA of the PAV isolate of BYDV in the plasmid pUC8 vector was biotinylated and then used intact or as sonicated double-stranded DNA fragments. Simple methods were developed for the preparation of partially purified nucleic acid extracts of cereals and their spotting, after formaldehyde treatment, onto nitrocellulose membranes. After hybridization, biotin-labelled DNA bound to BYDV RNA on the nitrocellulose was detected with an avidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate. BYDV RNA was readily detected with a sensitivity similar to that found with the same probe labelled with 32P by nick translation. Healthy plant extracts gave colourless spots.
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PMID:Nonradioactive, photobiotin-labelled DNA probes for the routine diagnosis of barley yellow dwarf virus. 365

Lipoprotein cholesterol determinations in 6328 individuals aged 20 to 79 years in the Framingham Heart Study Cohort and Offspring were related by multiple regression analysis to reported cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and Quetelet Index (wt/ht2). Cigarette smoking was found to be strongly associated with "atherogenic" lipoprotein cholesterol profiles in young adults, and particularly in women. The associations for alcohol intake were mostly uniform across age groups and lipoprotein cholesterol fractions, while coefficients for Quetelet Index varied considerably. Blood chemistry associations were studied in participants under 50 years, after controlling for smoking, Quetelet Index, and alcohol intake. Significant associations for high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were seen for both sexes with alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium, serum u ric acid, and leucocyte count. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) associations were observed with calcium, hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, and leucocyte count in men and women, while very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) associations occurred with alkaline phosphatase, glucose, uric acid, and leucocyte count in both sexes. A 1 mg/dl higher calcium corresponded to an HDL-C approximately 4 mg/dl greater and a LDL-C typically 6 mg/dl greater after controlling for 12 other variables. A 1000/ml increase in leucocyte count was typically associated with a decrease in HDL-C by 1 mg/dl and an increase in LDL-C and VLDL-C of 1 mg/dl each.
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PMID:Factors associated with lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The Framingham study. 657 78

A 1-year controlled trial was performed to confirm the effects of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1 alpha-OH-D3) in chronic hemodialysis patients. Initially, a daily dose of 2 micrograms of 1 alpha-OH-D3 was given orally to 24 patients and its placebo to another 24 patients during the first 3 months. For the following 9 months the dose of 1 alpha-OH-D3 or its placebo was reduced to 1 microgram per day in the individual groups. Serum calcium was significantly increased to the normal level after 1 month of treatment and sustained at this level for 1 year. Serum parathyroid hormone was significantly decreased at 3 months. Serum alkaline phosphatase was decreased to the normal level at the 5th month and thereafter. At 2 months serum phosphorus was significantly increased in the 1 alpha-OH-D3 group. None of the patients on 1 alpha-OH-D3 showed increased subperiosteal resorption on X-rays, whereas 8 out of 20 patients on placebo did (p less than 0.002). No adverse effects were seen apart from 3 patients with the 'red eye' of scleral calcification.
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PMID:1-year controlled trial of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. 702 62


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