Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-seven osteodystrophic and chronically haemodialyzed patients have been treated for 1-22 months by means of 1,25(OH)2D3. Under treatment a marked improvement of symptomatology and radiographic findings has been observed in the majority of cases; from the haematochemical viewpoint a rise of calcemia and phosphoremia, a fall in alkaline phosphatase and a variable course of PTH have been observed. Several episodes of asymptomatic hypercalcemia ceased with posology reduction; only 3 cases needed stopping the treatment for this reason, one of them definitively; 12/37 cases needed hypophosphoric diets and increase in oral aluminium hydroxide doses to control hyperphosphoremia. The Authors conclude that, to achieve a correct management of a 1,25(OH)2D3 therapy for renal osteodystrophy, is mandatory a strict and accurate biochemical control: in this way is possible to obtain an effective modulation of the posology avoiding the appearance of side-effects as hypercalcemia and ectopic calcifications.
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PMID:[Course and significance of various biochemical parameters in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 therapy of uremic osteodystrophy]. 668 45

Painful sacro-iliac joints and hips in a 37 year old male patient caused difficulties in differential diagnosis because of scintigraphic positive scans over the sacro-iliac joints: intestinal hypovitaminotic osteomalacia or ankylosing spondylitis? Laboratory findings with low serum calcium, low urine calcium, high alkaline phosphatase and low 25-Hydroxy-vitamin D levels together with high levels of parathormone led to the final diagnosis of osteomalacia. Typical x-ray changes were also present. Prompt relief of clinical symptoms was achieved by high dose vitamin-D therapy.
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PMID:[Osteomalacia caused by hypovitaminosis with moderate secondary hyperparathyroidism (so-called intestinal osteopathy) on the basis of endemic sprue in a condition of post-celiac disease 1948 and insufficient ultraviolet exposure]. 710 19

75 patients with Paget's disease of bone were treated with a drug combination intended to increase the production of endogenous calcitonin and decrease that of parathyroid hormone. The first regimen of oral calcium, thiazide diuretic, aluminum hydroxide and low-phosphorus diet was given to 41 patients for a mean of 800 days. A simpler regimen of oral calcium and thiazide diuretic was given to 34 patients for a mean of 750 days. There was a similar fall in mean plasma alkaline phosphatase to 71 +/- 24 (SD)% of initial with the first regimen and 72 +/- 17% with the second at 150 days, with a gradual rise after 500 days. Urinary hydroxyproline fell from 165 +/- 111 to 112 +/- 93 mg/day. Plasma calcium rose slightly with both regimens and plasma inorganic phosphorus fell with the first. Serum parathyroid hormone and calcitonin levels were unchanged. Urinary calcium was not changed by the first regimen and rose by 40 +/- 54 mg/24 h with the second. Clinical improvement approximately paralleled biochemical improvement. It is suggested that, in view of its low cost and convenience, this treatment has a place in the management of Paget's disease of bone.
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PMID:Long-term experience with a calcium-thiazide treatment for Paget's disease of bone. 716 38

Clinically asymptomatic patients undergoing hemodialysis and with histologically proven renal osteodystrophy were treated with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25[OH]2D3) or with placebo for 9-37 weeks. Serum concentrations of total calcium were frequently increased when the ionized calcium was raised into the normal range. Serum magnesium was in the upper normal range due to the presence of magnesium in the aluminum hydroxide used to lower the hyperphosphatemia, which was difficult to control. Basal serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were increased and seven times higher when measured with a radioimmunoassay recognizing mainly COOH-terminal fragments of human PTH-(1-84) (C-terminal assay) as compared to another assay measuring predominantly intact PTH-(1-84) (N-terminal assay). During treatment with 1,25 (OH)2D3, serum PTH returned towards the normal range with increasing calcium levels. Mean PTH concentrations decreased significantly by 34% (p less than 0.05) when measured with the N-terminal assay and by only 14% (p greater than 0.1) in the C-terminal assay. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity and the mineral content of the forearm estimated by photon absorptiometry remained unchanged.
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PMID:1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol in dialysed patients with clinically asymptomatic renal osteodystrophy. A controlled study. 735 81

A 60-year-old woman was evaluated for bone pain and incapacitating weakness. Initial laboratory studies showed a serum calcium level of 10.1 mg/dL, severe hypophosphatemia (1.1 mg/dL), and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level. X-ray films showed changes consistent with osteomalacia. Further studies revealed hypercalciuria (448 mg/24 hr) but absent urinary phosphorus. These data indicated phosphate malabsorption. Excessive use of an aluminum hydroxide-containing antacid was the cause of this patient's failure to absorb dietary phosphate. The features of this syndrome are reviewed to increase physicians' awareness of this illness, which occurs particularly in the elderly and is easily treated.
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PMID:Osteomalacia and weakness from excessive antacid ingestion. 743 92

A quantitative non-isotopic assay for measuring hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA has been developed and evaluated. Viral RNA extracted from serum is reverse transcribed and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using biotinylated 5' non-coding region primers. PCR products are captured on streptavidin coated microtitre plates, denatured with sodium hydroxide and hybridised with an alkaline phosphatase-labelled oligonucleotide probe. Quantification is achieved by measuring the intensity of light emitted by a dioxetane-based chemiluminescent substrate. The chief advantages of the assay are: (i) extreme sensitivity with the ability to detect single molecules of HCV cDNA, (ii) a 5 log10 dynamic range sufficient to cover the 10(3)-10(8) genomes/ml viraemia levels typically seen in patient samples, (iii) specificity and reproducibility suitable for application in a clinical context, and (iv) a rapid non-nested assay format with the ability to handle large throughputs and with a potential for automation. The feasibility of using the assay to monitor viraemia level changes in patients undergoing interferon therapy for chronic HCV infection has been demonstrated.
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PMID:Optimisation and evaluation of a quantitative chemiluminescent polymerase chain reaction assay for hepatitis C virus RNA. 773 Apr 39

Biotinylated Fiji disease fijivirus specific cDNA probes detected the presence of the virus in total nucleic acid extracts from infected sugarcane plants. Hybridised biotinylated probes were detected with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and the light generating substrate AMPPD. Samples were either blotted manually, or by alkaline capillary transfer using 100 mM NaOH. Transfer of nucleic acids to charge modified nylon with sodium hydroxide was superior to denaturation with glyoxal or formamide and salt-citrate buffer transfer as the bands were clearly resolved and no degradation of the FDV dsRNA was observed. Transfer of either total nucleic acid extracts or purified dsRNA in manifold blots generated false positive signals with the non-radio-active chemiluminescent detection systems tested. Manual or northern blots had a limit of detection for purified target double-stranded RNA of approximately 10 pg and 0.5 pg respectively. Manual blots were tested for practical application to screen germplasma for FDV infection. The virus was detected in leaf samples from FDV-infected plants, in some instances prior to development of the characteristic gall symptom.
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PMID:Chemiluminescent detection of Fiji disease virus with biotinylated DNA probes. 803 Dec 37

When, in vivo, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] or hydroxyapatite are used as dental pulp-capping agents, a reparative dentine bridge is observed. New hard tissue is formed directly on the hydroxyapatite, whereas a characteristic necrotic area appears under Ca(OH)2. The differing pulpal reactions to these two capping agents suggest differing cell responses. After isolation and selection of human pulp fibroblasts in vitro, the cells were characterized by their morphology, their high alkaline phosphatase specific activity, and their synthesis of type I and III collagens and fibronectin. They were then incubated in the presence of either hydroxyapatite (1 mg/ml) or Ca(OH)2 (0.8 mg/ml). With Ca(OH)2, the cells exhibited dramatical alterations in morphology, DNA synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity and protein synthesis, in accordance with the necrosis observed in vivo. With hydroxyapatite, phagocytic activity of pulpal fibroblasts toward hydroxyapatite particles (< 10 microns) was seen. As a consequence, DNA synthesis was affected. This inhibitory effect was not due to cell damage, as demonstrated by increased [3H]-proline and [3H]-leucine incorporation by the cells. There was also an inhibitory effect of hydroxyapatite on alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that the pulp fibroblasts were not in a differentiation stage. In conclusion, compared to the effects of Ca(OH)2 on human pulp fibroblasts, these data are consistent with the biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite previously described in vivo and testify to the occurrence of a biological response elicited by this synthetic biomaterial.
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PMID:Comparative effect of calcium hydroxide and hydroxyapatite on the cellular activity of human pulp fibroblasts in vitro. 806 17

Purple acid phosphatase is a widely distributed non-specific phosphomonoesterase. X-ray structures of the dimeric 111-kDa Fe(III)-Zn(II) kidney bean purple acid phosphatase (kbPAP) complexed with phosphate, the product of the reaction, and with tungstate, a strong inhibitor of the phosphatase activity, were determined at 2.7 and 3.0 angstroms resolution, respectively. Furthermore the resolution of the unligated enzyme, recently solved at 2.9 angstroms could be extended to 2.65 angstroms with completely new data. The binding of both oxoanions is not accompanied by larger conformational changes in the enzyme structure. Small movements with a maximal coordinate shift of 1 angstroms are only observed for the active site residues His295 and His296. In the inhibitor complex as well as in the product complex, the oxoanion binds in a bidentate bridging mode to the two metal ions, replacing two of the presumed solvent ligands present in the unligated enzyme form. As also proposed for the unligated structure a bridging hydroxide ion completes the coordination spheres of both metal ions to octahedral arrangements. All three structures reported herein support a mechanism of phosphate ester hydrolysis involving interaction of the substrate with Zn(II) followed by a nucleophilic attack on the phosphorus by an Fe(III)-coordinated hydroxide ion. The negative charge evolving at the pentacoordinated transition state is probably stabilized by interactions with the divalent zinc and the imidazole groups of His202, His295, and His296, the latter protonating the leaving alcohol group.
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PMID:Mechanism of Fe(III)-Zn(II) purple acid phosphatase based on crystal structures. 868 79

A non-radioactive hybridization microtiter plate assay was developed and evaluated for detection of the HHV-6 genome and to identify HHV-6 variants A and B. The viral DNA is amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using a 5'-end-biotinylated primer. The biotinylated amplimers are captured on avidin-coated microtiter plates, denaturated with sodium hydroxide and hybridized to a 3'-end-digoxigenin-labelled probe. Subsequently, anti-digoxigenin Fab fragments conjugated with alkaline phosphatase are used for the revelation of the hybridized probe. The result is obtained by measuring the intensity of light emitted with a spectrophotometer. This new assay was compared to the standard analysis of amplified products by Southern hybridization consisting of gel electrophoresis of the amplimers, transfer onto a nylon membrane, and hybridization with a 32P-labelled oligomeric probe. Both methods exhibited the same sensitivity and specificity. Thus, a non-radioactive hybridization microtiter plate assay may be a suitable alternative to isotopic techniques.
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PMID:Detection and variant identification of HHV-6 by a non-radioactive hybridization microplate assay for amplimers detection. 878 48


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