Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We separated isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP; EC 3.1.3.1) in 1383 sera of normal individuals (ages 4-65 years) by agarose electrophoresis with the Isopal system (Analis). As expected, the predominant isoenzyme in children was of bone origin, and almost all (99%) of the children had low activities of a second bone fraction, "bone variant" ALP. The "bone variant" disappeared after age 17 in girls and after age 20 in boys. The highest (median) bone ALP activity was reached at age 9 to 10 in girls and at age 13 to 14 in boys, followed by a gradual decline in girls and a steep decline in boys. During adulthood, activity of the bone fraction was constant and no significant differences were observed between sexes, neither for bone nor for liver ALP activity. The latter remained almost unchanged throughout life. We observed no high-Mr ALP activity in children, whereas sera from 60% of the adults contained low activities of high-Mr ALP. Intestinal ALP (soluble form) and "intestinal variant" ALP (hydrophobic form) were frequently present, in 21% and 37% of all samples, respectively. No significant differences were observed between age groups and sexes for the intestinal isoenzymes.
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PMID:Age and sex distribution of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes by agarose electrophoresis. 235 25

Agarose electrophoresis (Isopal, Beckman) and an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) involving specific monoclonal antibodies (Ostase, Hybritech), two methods for the quantification of serum bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1), a marker of osteoblastic activity, were compared in 293 patients: 79 with end-stage renal failure treated with hemodialysis and 214 with malignant disease. Overall correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.92), except (a) for low values of bone ALP and (b) in some samples with high total liver ALP activity--both due to considerable cross-reactivity of the anti-bone ALP antibodies of the Ostase kit with liver ALP. This interference was not constant and was not evenly distributed across all concentrations of bone ALP. Low bone ALP determined with the IRMA (< or = 5 micrograms/L) was confirmed by electrophoresis (< or = 21 U/L), but bone ALP activity determined by electrophoresis to be low (< or = 21 U/L) was not correlated with the IRMA results. After standardizing our results by computing z-values for bone ALP, delta z (= zOstase - zIsopal) was significantly correlated with liver ALP activity (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001). We conclude that the IRMA for quantifying bone ALP is acceptable as a screening method. However, when high values for bone ALP are found with the Ostase method, confirmation by electrophoresis remains mandatory to rule out cross-reactivity with high amounts of liver ALP. For detecting low bone ALP activities, electrophoresis remains the method of choice.
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PMID:Immunoradiometric method and electrophoretic system compared for quantifying bone alkaline phosphatase in serum. 776 3

We have modified a commercially available procedure involving precast agarose gels (Paragon Isopal System) to measure alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) isoenzymes. Including wheat germ lectin in the equilibration buffer improved the resolution of the bone and liver isoenzymes. Unlike previously described wheat germ lectin affinity electrophoresis methods, the procedure measures bone, liver, and biliary isoenzymes in a single step. There was good correlation between the affinity electrophoresis and the neuraminidase preincubation methods for the measurement of bone (r = 0.958) and liver (r = 0.962) alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. However, the affinity electrophoresis method also quantified minor isoenzyme fractions that were poorly resolved by the neuraminidase method. The method is technically simple, reproducible, and capable of rapid handling of large workloads.
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PMID:Wheat germ lectin affinity electrophoresis of serum alkaline phosphatase with commercially available agarose gels. 833 Mar 97

An immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), involving specific monoclonal antibodies (Ostase, Hybritech) and agarose electrophoresis (Isopal, Beckman), two methods for quantification of serum bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a marker for osteoblastic activity, were analytically and clinically compared in 293 patients: 79 with end-stage renal failure treated with hemodialysis and 214 with malignant disease. Acceptable within-assay precision was obtained for the IRMA method: 82.5% of the duplicate determinations had a coefficient of variation (CV) < 5%. Curve fitting characteristics were bad and the sensitivity was better than the one mentioned by the manufacturer. Overall correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.92), except (a) for low values of bone ALP and (b) in some samples with high total liver ALP activity. Low bone ALP determined with the IRMA (< 5 micrograms/L) was confirmed by electrophoresis (< 22 U/L), but ALP activity determined by electrophoresis to be low (< 22 U/L) was not correlated with the IRMA results. After standardizing our results by computing z-values for bone ALP, delta z (= zostase - zelectrophoresis) was significant correlated with liver ALP activity (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001). We conclude that the IRMA for quantifying bone ALP is acceptable. However, when high values for bone ALP are found with the Ostase method, confirmation by electrophoresis remains mandatory to rule out cross-reactivity with high amounts of liver ALP.
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PMID:Analytical and clinical evaluation of a method to quantify bone alkaline phosphatase, a marker of osteoblastic activity. 932 28