Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of two sequential oral contraceptive preparations, Sequostat (6 days ethinylestradiol 0.05 mg, 15 days ethinylestradiol 0.05 mg + norethisterone acetate 1.0 mg) and Sequence-Ovosiston (9 days mestranol 0.1 mg, 12 days mestranol 0.08 mg + chlormadinone acetate 2.0 mg) on triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-Cholesterol, glucose tolerance, total plasma proteins, plasma protein fractions, plasma transaminases, gamma-glutamyl-transferase, alkaline phosphatase and antithrombin III were studied in two groups of 46 and 29 young women respectively. Investigations were performed prior to the hormonal intake and after treatment for 3, 6 and 12 months. In nearly all parameters studied significant but minimal changes could be demonstrated which in most cases showed a minor degree in the Sequostat-group, while Sequence-Ovosiston exerted a less effect on glucose tolerance. A significant increase of HDL-cholesterol and a reduction of LDL/HDL-cholesterol relation could be demonstrated at least in the first six months, resulting from the estrogen dominance of the contraceptives.
 ...
PMID:[The action of Sequostat in comparison to Sequence Ovosiston on selected metabolic parameters]. 169 14

Owing to the lack of data about thymic non-lymphoid cells in fish we decided to perform a histochemical characterization of these cells in order to ascertain their relationships to other thymic components. In the present study we analyze the enzyme-histochemical patterns for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, non-specific sigma-naphthyl acetate esterase and 5' nucleotidase activities, as well as the presence of keratin demonstrated by immunoperoxidase staining, in the non-lymphoid cell populations of the thymus of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. According to their location in the organ, morphology and histochemical reactivities, we were able to define seven different subpopulations of keratin-positive epithelial cells: 1) Epithelial cells limiting with the capsular and septal connective tissues; 2) Subcapsular epithelial cells; 3) Stellate epithelial cells of the inner thymic zone; 4) Large, ovoid epithelial cells of the inner thymic zone; 5) Acidophilic epithelial cells of the outer thymic zone; 6) Cystic cells; and 7) Goblet cells. The significance of the heterogeneity of the epithelial cell (EC) population, its specific distribution in the organ, which apparently conforms distinct cell microenvironments, as well as the possible phylogenetical relationships between these microenvironments and the classical cortex and medulla of the mammalian thymus, are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme- and immuno-histochemical study of the thymic stroma in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, Richardson. 169 32

Levels of the G-protein alpha-subunits alpha-Gi-2, alpha-Gi-3 and the 42 kDa, form of alpha-Gs were markedly decreased in hepatocyte membranes from streptozotocin-diabetic animals as compared with normals. In contrast, no detectable changes in alpha-Gi subunits were seen in liver plasma membranes of streptozotocin-diabetic animals, although levels of the 45 kDa form of Gs were increased. G-protein beta subunits in plasma membranes were unaffected by diabetes induction. Analysis of whole-liver RNA indicated that the induction of diabetes had little effect on transcript levels of Gi-3, caused an increase in Gs transcripts and decreased transcript number for Gi-2, albeit to a much lesser extent than was observed upon analysis of hepatocyte RNA. In both hepatocyte and liver plasma membranes, immunoblot analysis showed that levels of the catalytic unit of adenylate cyclase were increased upon induction of diabetes. Under basal conditions, alpha-Gi-2 from hepatocytes of diabetic animals was found to be both phosphorylated to a greater extent than alpha-Gi-2 isolated from hepatocytes of normal animals, and furthermore was resistant to any further phosphorylation upon challenge of hepatocytes with angiotensin, vasopressin or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. Treatment of isolated plasma membranes from normal, but not diabetic, animals with purified protein kinase C caused the phosphorylation of alpha-Gi-2. Treatment of membranes from diabetic animals with alkaline phosphatase caused the dephosphorylation of alpha-Gi-2 and rendered it susceptible to subsequent phosphorylation with protein kinase C. Low concentrations of the non-hydrolysable GTP analogue guanylyl 5'-imidodiphosphate inhibited adenylate cyclase activity in both hepatocyte and liver plasma membranes from normal, but not diabetic, animals.
 ...
PMID:Diabetes-induced alterations in the expression, functioning and phosphorylation state of the inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein Gi-2 in hepatocytes. 170 Jul

The intrinsic estrogenic activity of some progestins cannot be properly evaluated by using hormone responsive systems when the chosen end-points are also sensitive to progestagenic activity, usually antagonistic of estrogenic actions. We have therefore applied to the evaluation of some drugs commonly used in contraceptive and hormone replacement formulations a recently developed in vitro method to estimate estrogenic activities, which is based on measurements of the estrogen-stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity in cells of the Ishikawa-Var I human endometrial adenocarcinoma line, a response not influenced by progestins. Whereas progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate and danazol were found to be devoid of estrogenic activity in this assay, Org OD-14, norethynodrel, gestrinone (R 2323), norethindrone and dl-norgestrel provoked half maximal increases in alkaline phosphatase activity at concentrations (EC-50) of 7, 14, 140, 200 and 2900 nM, respectively, under conditions in which the corresponding value for estradiol was 8 pM. This intrinsic estrogenic activity can be inhibited by antiestrogens, as verified by reversing the effect of R 2323 with 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Since prostaglandin F2 alpha output by secretory endometrium is increased by estrogens and diminished by progestins, this end-point can serve to evaluate the net effect of drugs with intrinsic estrogenic and progestagenic activities. For instance, R 2323 showed estrogenic activity in this assay whereas Org OD-14 did not. The same in vitro system can be used to evaluate estrogen antagonistic activities of test compounds, using estradiol as the agonist. These in vitro systems are useful in establishing a profile of activities of a drug on a relevant human target tissue, in the screening of synthetic or natural compounds under investigation, and in studies on structure/action relationships.
 ...
PMID:Intrinsic estrogenicity of some progestagenic drugs. 173 36

The biotransformation of flecainide to serum fluoride after the oral administration of 100 mg to six healthy subjects was studied. Fluoride, flecainide acetate, calcium and alkaline phosphatase serum levels were determined at 0, 3, 4.5 and 6 hours after administration. Higher mean serum concentrations for fluoride and alkaline phosphatase (P less than 0.01, P less than 0.005) and lower mean calcium levels (P less than 0.05) were reached at 4.5 hours. The flecainide acetate serum levels ranged from 108 to 261 ng/ml. The results were analyzed for statistical significance by single factor analysis of variance with repeated measures. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between flecainide acetate and fluoride serum increases was calculated. Our results would suggest that fluorine-containing flecainide could be biotransformed to yield some ionic fluoride which contribute to the daily fluoride intake.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between serum concentrations of flecainide and fluoride in humans. 175 12

We evaluated a method for quantifying bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) which utilizes wheat-germ lectin to precipitate this fraction. In precision studies, CVs ranged from 3.2 to 11.4% (within-day) and from 3.7 to 11.5% (day-to-day). The assay procedure was linear to 1100 U/L and was easily adapted to automated kinetic measurement. Comparison of the precipitation method with an affinity electrophoretic method, which utilizes cellulose acetate as a support, demonstrated a satisfactory coefficient of correlation (r = 0.886). The reference range was determined in sera from 188 healthy adult subjects. The distribution of bone ALP values was also studied in 73 healthy children and in 30 healthy adolescents. To evaluate the clinical applicability of the method, the bone isoenzyme was determined in samples from several groups of subjects (pregnant women, patients with hepatobiliary diseases, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma without skeletal involvement, and patients with bone, liver or lymph node metastases). We found the method suitable for routine determination of bone alkaline phosphatase and for the screening of bone metastases. Because of its technical simplicity and satisfactory analytical performance, it can be used instead of the heat-inactivation procedure.
 ...
PMID:Precipitation method for separating and quantifying bone and liver alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. 176 Aug 80

The independent prognostic factors affecting survival were assessed in 240 men undergoing treatment for metastatic prostate cancer as part of a randomized clinical trial comparing the gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue Zoladex (goserelin acetate implant) with castration. In a multivariate analysis, the most highly significant predictors were the presence or absence of bone pain, serum testosterone levels, serum alkaline phosphatase levels, and performance status. Patients with all four factors favorable for survival had a 2-year survival rate of 84% as compared with only 8% for patients with none of the four factors favorable for survival. No other factors were significant. A separate analysis of serum testosterone levels revealed that the higher the pretreatment serum testosterone level, the greater the survival rate. Compared with patients with serum testosterone levels less than 6.9 nmol/L, significant differences in survival were observed for patients with serum testosterone levels of 10.4 to 13.9, 13.9 to 17.3, and over 17.3 nmol/L. These results have important implications for the design and analysis of future clinical trials of hormone therapy and for counseling patients regarding the short-term prognosis of their disease.
 ...
PMID:Independent prognostic factors in patients with metastatic (stage D2) prostate cancer. The Zoladex Study Group. 203 35

Long-acting medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) effect on some important parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GCO) was evaluated. Twelve steroid-dependent asthmatic male patients with GCO were administered 200 mg of MPA (Depo-Provera) intramuscularly, and had fasting serum samples obtained at baseline and at weekly intervals for 5 consecutive weeks. Baseline serum samples were also obtained from 12 control healthy male subjects matched for age. The following measurements were made from each serum sample: osteocalcin (OC), skeletal (SAP) and total alkaline phosphatase (TAP), calcitonin (C), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Significantly lower baseline serum levels of OC and C were found in the patients with GCO than in controls (P less than 0.001). Following MPA administration in GCO patients statistically significant and sustained increases in OC, SAP and C were noticed during the next 5 weeks. No significant differences in baseline levels for TAP, IGF1, 1,25(OH)2D and 25(OH)D between GCO patients and controls were found, and no significant changes following MPA administration in GCO patients were obtained for these parameters. In conclusion, when administered to patients with GCO, MPA seems to stimulate the osteoblastic activity as suggested by sustained increases in OC and SAP serum levels, and also enhances the C production by the C-cells of the thyroid.
 ...
PMID:Effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate on some parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. 182 84

Testis of male albino rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate DMPA, at the dose of 1 mg/animal/day for 60 days showed degenerative changes in the late spermatids. The changes were related with the mitochondrial sheath of the midpiece, including the plasma membrane enclosing the mitochondria and the mitochondrial cristae. Except lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase, all the testicular marker enzymes, viz. beta-glucuronidase, hyaluronidase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase registered a significant decrease. The ultrastructural and biochemical changes are correlated, as the cellular degeneration is responsible for decrease in the activity of the marker enzymes.
 ...
PMID:Effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on testis of albino rats: ultrastructural and biochemical studies. 183 39

Seventy-three healthy, postmenopausal women, aged 45-54 years, were randomly assigned to one of three groups for 2 years of treatment: 17 beta-oestradiol 1.5 mg on days 1-12 and 17 beta-oestradiol 1.5 mg + desogestrel 150 micrograms on days 13-24 (E2/DG) or oestradiol valerate 2 mg on days 1-11 and oestradiol valerate 2 mg + medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg on days 12-21 (E2V/MPA) or placebo. Fifty-seven women (78%) completed the study. Bone mineral content of the distal regions of the forearms (measured by single photon absorptiometry, SPA) and bone mineral density of the spine (measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA) showed increases of 0.5-1% and 4-5%, respectively, in the hormone groups over 2 years. The placebo group exhibited a decrease in spinal bone density of 2% per year, and in the forearm of 2.5-3.5% per year. Biochemical estimates of bone turnover (serum alkaline phosphatase and fasting urinary calcium) decreased significantly to premenopausal levels in the hormone groups but remained unchanged in the placebo group. In both hormone groups total cholesterol decreased by about 9% (P less than 0.001), whereas low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased by 16% in the E2/DG group and 20% in the E2V/MPA group (P less than 0.001). High density lipoprotein cholesterol showed only minor, insignificant changes in the hormone groups. The placebo group had virtually unchanged values. Climacteric symptoms, including hot flushes, were significantly reduced in both hormone groups. Bleeding occurred regularly in about 80% of the women.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Desogestrel in hormone replacement therapy: long-term effects on bone, calcium and lipid metabolism, climacteric symptoms, and bleeding. 183 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>